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Three dimensional velocity model and its tectonic implications at China Seismic Experimental Site,eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2268-2290页

作者： jianping WU Yan CAI Wei WANG Weilai WANG Changzai WANG Lihua FANG Yaning LIU Jing LIU Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Beijing Baijiatuan Earth Science National Observation and Research Station Beijing 1095China Beijing Earthquake Agency Beijing 100080China

The China Seismic Experimental Site(CSES)is located at the intersection of the Tibetan Plateau,South China Block,and Indian Plate and has complex geological settings and intense crustal deformation,making it one of the most seismically active areas in Chinese mainland.A high-resolution,three-dimensional(3D)crust-mantle velocity structure is crucial for understanding seismotectonic environments,lithospheric deformation mechanisms,and deep dynamic *** first constructed a high-vertical-resolution 3D initial velocity model using the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface waves and then obtained a 3D P-and S-wave velocity model(CSES-VM1.0)with the highest lateral resolution of 0.2.°for the CSES using double-difference *** to the limitations of the Sn observation data,the resolution of the S-wave velocity model in the lower crust and upper mantle was reduced,making it closer to the initial model provided by joint inversion.A comparison with explosive-source seismic data showed that the synthetic P-wave first-arrival travel times of the new model were closer to the observations than those of the previous velocity *** velocity cross-sections across the source areas of the 2.2. Lushan MS6.1 and Ludian MS6.8 earthquakes reveal that the former earthquake occurred near a weak contact zone between the Tibetan Plateau and Sichuan Basin,and the rupture of the latter earthquake occurred in a granitic area,with the northern end blocked by rigid high-velocity bodies.A clear high-velocity anomaly zone is distributed along the western margin of the Yangtze Block,revealing the spatial distribution of Neoproterozoic intermediate-basic *** high-velocity zone significantly controls the morphology of fault zones and influences the rupture processes of major *** northeast-southwest and north-south trending high-velocity anomalies were found near Panzhihua,potentially related to Neoproterozoic and Middle-Late Permian intermediate

关键词： Eastern Tibetan Plateau China Seismic Experimental Site Yangtze Block Velocity model Double-difference tomography

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Linkages among leaf nutrient concentration,resorption efficiency, litter decomposition and their stoichiometry to canopy nitrogen addition and understory removal in subtropical plantation

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 90-102页

作者： Jawad Ali Shah Wenfei Liu Saif Ullah Honglang Duan Fangfang Shen Yingchun Liao Guomin Huang jianping Wu Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Institute of Biodiversity School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan University Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province Yunnan University Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology Nanchang Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou College of ForestryGuizhou University

Background The prevalence of understory removal and anthropogenic nitrogen(N) deposition has significantly altered the ecological processes of forest ecosystems at both regional and global scales. However, it remains a pressing challenge to understand how N deposition and understory removal affect leaf nutrient dynamics, nutrient resorption, litter decomposition, and their linkages for better managing forest ecosystems under nutrient imbalances induced by N enrichment. To address this research gap, a field manipulation experiment was carried out in a subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation with four treatments including: control(CK), canopy N addition(CN), understory removal(UR), and canopy N addition plus understory removal(CN × UR). Green and senesced leaf N and phosphorus(P) concentrations, N and P resorption efficiencies, litter decomposition, and their correlations were *** The results revealed that the average N concentrations of green early and late leaves in UR were increased by 6.61 and 18.89% compared to CK. UR had the highest whereas CN had the lowest P concentrations in green leaves across the two sampling seasons. Following this, UR, leaf type, season, and their interactions significantly affected leaf N, P, and N:P(P 2.68%) and P resorption efficiencies(63.96%) were recorded in UR. Litter decomposition was significantly retarded in UR(P < 0.01) relative to CN. The regression analysis demonstrated that leaf nutrient status was significantly interconnected with leaf nutrient resorption efficiencies. In addition, leaf nutrient dynamics were strongly correlated with litter nutrients, indicating that both were *** These findings can deepen our knowledge of biogeochemical cycling and reveal contrasting nutrientacquisition strategies on N and P limitation in response to UR and CN. Considering the P limitation, it is important to note that P was resorbed more efficiently, illustrating a

关键词： Nutrient resorption Nitrogen deposition Litter decomposition Stoichiometry Understory removal Subtropical plantation

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Drought decreases the positive impact of warming on an alpine grassland community

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3226-3238页

作者： Wang A Wangwang LV Yang ZHOU Bowen LI jianping SUN Jingya LV Lanying CHEN Dorji TSECHEO Shiping WANG Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth Resources and EnvironmentInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Ecology and Environment Tibet UniversityLhasa 850000China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Temperature and precipitation are the main factors determining plant community succession and aboveground net primary productivity(ANPP)in natural ***,most climate manipulative experiments have mainly focused on their impacts in isolation,especially in alpine *** we explored the relative effects and interaction of warming and precipitation alteration on succession and ANPP using a 7-year experiment involving warming with precipitation alteration(increase(IP)or decrease(DP))in precipitation relative to ambient precipitation(AP)on the Tibetan *** results showed that warming and warm-wet conditions increased species richness,diversity index,height and cover of overall ***,decreasing precipitation reduced them,but increased *** and the rate of change in community ***,warming mitigated the impacts of decreased precipitation on plant community composition,and the interactive effects of warming and altered precipitation on cover,height and plant ANPP varied with year and plant ***,warming increased community ANPP through increases in forb ANPP or non-dominant species ANPP and biodiversity regardless of change in ***,decreased precipitation reduced community ANPP via decreases in the ANPP of sedges and forbs and *** alteration affected the relationship between biodiversity and community ANPP regardless of warming(IP

关键词： Alpine grassland Climate warming Precipitation alteration Community composition Biodiversity Above-ground net primary productivity

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Tuning the electronic conductance of REH_(x)(RE=Nd,Ce,Pr)by structural deformation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 440-445,I0010页

作者： Shangshang Wang Weijin Zhang Jirong Cui Shukun Liu Hong Wen jianping Guo Teng He Hujun Cao Ping Chen Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina

Hydride ion(H-)conductors have drawn much attention due to their potential applications in hydrideion-based *** earth metal hydrides(REH_(x))have fast H-conduction which,unfortunately,is accompanied by detrimental electron conduction preventing their application as ion ***,REH_(x)(RE=Nd,Ce,and Pr)with varied grain sizes,rich grain boundaries,and defects have been prepared by ball milling and subsequent *** electronic conductivity of the ball-milled REH_(x)samples can be reduced by 2.4 orders of magnitude compared with the non-ball-milled *** relationship of electron conduction and miscrostructures in REH_(x)is studied and discussed based on experimental data and previously-proposed classical and quantum *** H-conductivity of all REH_(x)is about 10^(-4)to 10^(-3)S cm^(-1)at room temperature,showing promise for the development of H-conductors and their applications in clean energy storage and conversion.

关键词： Hydride ion conduction Electron conduction Nanosized grain Crystal defect Electron scattering

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Acidic electroreduction CO_(2.to formic acid via interfacial modification of Bi nanoparticles at industrial-level current

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5817-5825页

作者： Tian Dong Hongdong Li Zhenhui Wang Yanling Geng Rui Chang Xiaofeng Tian jianping Lai Shouhua Feng Lei Wang Key Laboratory of Eco-Chemical Engineering International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering and Green ManufacturingCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Shandong Engineering Research Center for Marine Environment Corrosion and Safety Protection College of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China

Electrocatalytic CO_(2.reduction reaction(CO_(2.RR)in acidic media is a promising approach to overcome the unavoidable formation of carbonates in alkaline or neutral ***,the proton-rich environment near the catalyst surface favors hydrogen evolution reactions(HER),leading to lower energy efficiency of the desired products,especially in industrial-level current ***,quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant(cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB))was introduced into acidic electrolyte to modulate the interfacial microenvironment,which greatly enhanced CO_(2.electroreduction to formic acid(HCOOH)at the Bi/C nanoparticles *** a Bi/C nanoparticles electrode with CTAB added,constant production of formic acid was enabled with a cathodic energy efficiency of>40%and maximum FE_(HCOOH)(FE=Faradaic efficiency)of 86.2.at−400 mA·cm^(−2.over 2. *** with in-situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,the concentration of*OCHO intermediates significantly increased after CTAB modification,confirming that the hydrophobic interface microenvironment formed by dynamic adsorption of positively charged long alkyl chains on Bi/C nanoparticle electrodes inhibited HER and improved the selectivity of CO_(2.RR to HCOOH.

关键词： acidic media CO_(2.electrolysis electrolyte additive hydrophobic interfacial microenvironment industrial-level current

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Research progress of viral sepsis:etiology,pathophysiology,diagnosis,and treatment

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 74-81页

作者： jianping Li Yiqi Luo Hao Li Yunhong Yin Yi Zhang Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanShandongChina

Sepsis is a common systemic disease characterized by various physiological and pathological *** can result from infection by various pathogens,such as bacteria,viruses,and *** rate of culture-negative sepsis is almost 42.,indicating that most patients may have nonbacterial *** the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2.19,viral sepsis has attracted growing attention because many critically ill patients develop *** sepsis can be caused by viral infections and combined with,or secondary to,bacterial *** the common types of viral sepsis and the main characteristics of its pathogenesis will be helpful for effective diagnosis and treatment,thereby reducing *** identification of the causative agent of viral sepsis can help reduce the overuse of broad-spectrum *** this article,we reviewed the common viruses of sepsis,their potential pathophysiology,targets of diagnosis,and remedies for viral sepsis.

关键词： Acute gastrointestinal injury Acute kidney injury Acute lung injury Cytokine storm Diagnosis Treatment of viral sepsis Viral sepsis

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Prevalence of vegetation browning in China’s drylands under climate change

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 405-414页

作者： Li Fu Guolong Zhang jianping Huang Ming Peng Lei Ding Dongliang Han Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Vegetation greening has long been acknowledged,but recent studies have pointed out that vegetation greening is possibly stalled or even ***,detailed analyses about greening reversal or increased browning of vegetation remain *** this study,we utilized the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)as an indicator of vegetation to investigate the trends of vegetation greening and browning(monotonic,interruption,and reversal)through the breaks for the additive season and trend(BFAST)method across China’s drylands from 1982.to *** also reveals the impacts of ecological restoration programs(ERPs)and climate change on these vegetation *** find that the vegetation displays an obvious pattern of east-greening and west-browning in China’s *** trends mainly exhibits monotonic greening(2..8%)and greening with setback(36.8%),whereas browning shows a greening to browning reversal(19.2.).The increase rate of greening to browning reversal is 0.0342.yr,which is apparently greater than that of greening with setback,0.0078/*** research highlights that,under the background of widespread vegetation greening,vegetation browning is pro-gressively increasing due to the effects of climate ***,the ERPs have significantly increased vegetation coverage,with the increase rate in 2.00-2.2. being twice as much as that of 1982.1999 in reveg-etation *** browning in southwestern Qingzang Plateau is primarily driven by adverse climatic factors and anthropogenic disturbances,which offset the efforts of ERPs.

关键词： China’s drylands Ecological restoration programs Climate change Greening to browning reversal BFAST

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萨满宗教活动中所用致幻药物之研究

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中华医史杂志 2017年第4期47卷 230-236页

作者：方晓阳费鹏飞朱建平袁冰中国科学院大学人文学院北京100049 中国中医科学院中国医史文献研究所北京100700

药物的起源一直是医史界长期探讨但至今仍待深入研究的问题之一。萨满教作为古老的原始宗教，较好地保存了宗教活动中使用的致幻药物，可为探究早期人类对药物的认知提供重要借鉴。不同国家与地区萨满宗教活动中使用的致幻药物可分为单... 详细信息

药物的起源一直是医史界长期探讨但至今仍待深入研究的问题之一。萨满教作为古老的原始宗教，较好地保存了宗教活动中使用的致幻药物，可为探究早期人类对药物的认知提供重要借鉴。不同国家与地区萨满宗教活动中使用的致幻药物可分为单一药物与混合药物2.类，主要来自于植物与真菌，且与萨满所在地具有很高的契合度。通过对萨满宗教活动中使用的具有地域特色的致幻药物进行研究，极可能会为追寻人类早期发现与使用天然药物提供重要线索，为研究药物起源另辟新蹊。

关键词：萨满致幻药物药物起源

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An inulin-type fructan CP-A from Codonopsis pilosula attenuates experimental colitis in mice by promoting autophagy-mediated inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第3期22卷 249-264页

作者： ZHOU Jiangtao WANG Jun WANG Jiajing LI Deyun HOU Jing LI Jiankuan BAI Yun’e GAO jianping School of Pharmaceutical Science Shanxi Medical UniversityJinzhong 030600China

Inulin-type fructan CP-A,a predominant polysaccharide in Codonopsis pilosula,demonstrates regulatory effects on immune activity and *** efficacy of CP-A in treating ulcerative colitis(UC)is,however,not *** study employed an in vitro lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced colonic epithelial cell model(NCM460)and an in vivo dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis mouse model to explore CP-A’s protective effects against experimental colitis and its underlying *** monitored the clinical symptoms in mice using various parameters:body weight,disease activity index(DAI),colon length,spleen weight,and histopathological ***,molecular markers were assessed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR),immunofluorescence(IF),immunohistochemistry(IHC),and Western blotting *** showed that CP-A significantly reduced reactive oxygen species(ROS),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),and interleukins(IL-6,IL-1β,IL-18)in LPS-induced cells while increasing IL-4 and IL-10 levels and enhancing the expression of Claudin-1,ZO-1,and occludin proteins in NCM460 ***,in vivo findings revealed that CPA administration markedly improved DAI,reduced colon shortening,and decreased the production of myeloperoxidase(MPO),malondialdehyde(MDA),ROS,IL-1β,IL-18,and NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome-associated genes/proteins in UC ***-A treatment also elevated glutathione(GSH)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels,stimulated autophagy(LC3B,P62.Beclin-1,and ATG5),and reinforced Claudin-1 and ZO-1 expression,thereby aiding in intestinal epithelial barrier repair in colitis ***,the inhibition of autophagy via chloroquine(CQ)diminished CP-A’s protective impact against colitis in *** findings elucidate that CP-A’s therapeutic effect on experimental colitis possibly involves mitigating intestinal inflammation through autophagymediated N

关键词： Inulin-type fructan CP-A Codonopsis pilosula Ulcerative colitis NLRP3 inflammasome Autophagy

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Regulate electric double layer for one-step synthesize and modulate the morphology of(oxy)hydroxides

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3675-3683页

作者： Jiaxin Liu Yue Shi Yanli Gu Zheng Lv Liang Zhao Yu Yang Tianrong Zhan jianping Lai Lei Wang State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green ManufacturingCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Shandong Engineering Research Center for Marine Environment Corrosion and Safety Protection College of Environment and Safety EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China

FeOOH have received considerable attention due to their natural abundance and *** the significant progress achieved,the one-step synthesis of integrated FeOOH is still a major ***,the current research on FeOOH catalyst still suffers from the unclear mechanism of controlling ***,density functional theory(DFT)calculations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)demonstrated the strong electron-capturing and hydrogen absorption ability of Co in FeOOH,which further promotes the formation and stabilization of *** used a one-step electrodeposition method to synthesize Co introduced FeOOH integrated electrocatalyst and propose to introduce ions with different valence states to regulate the morphology of FeOOH by precise modulation of electric double layer(EDL)composition and *** prepared Co-FeOOH-K^(+)has a larger electrochemically active surface area(ECSA)(32. cm^(2.)and turnover frequency(TOF)value(0.75 s^(-1)).In the electrochemical experiments of an alkaline anion exchange membrane electrolyzer,Co-FeOOH-K^(+)shows better oxygen evolution performance than commercial RuO_(2. under industrial production conditions and has good industrial application prospects.

关键词： integrated(oxy)hydroxides electrodeposition electric double layer(EDL) oxygen evolution reaction(OER) morphology regulation

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