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Postmastectomy radiotherapy in breast reconstruction:Current controversies and trends

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Cancer Innovation 2024年第1期3卷 113-123页

作者： Honghong zhang Dandan Song Liangxi Xie Ning Zhan Wenjia Xie jianming zhang Department of Radiation Oncology Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen UniversityCancer Research CenterSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiang'anXiamenFujianChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Identification and Control of Complex Dynamic System Quanzhou Institute of Equipment ManufacturingHaixi InstitutesChinese Academy of SciencesQuanzhouFujianChina

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide.Postmastectomy radiotherapy(PMRT)is an essential component of combined therapy for early-stage,high-risk breast cancer.Breast reconstruction(BR)is often considered for patients with breast cancer who have undergone mastectomy.There has been a considerable amount of discussion about the optimal approach to combining PMRT with BR in the treatment of breast cancer.PMRT may increase the risk of complications and prevent good aesthetic results after BR,while BR may increase the complexity of PMRT and the radiation dose to surrounding normal tissues.The purpose of this review is to give a broad overview and summary of the current controversies and trends in PMRT and BR in the context of the most recent literature available.

关键词： breast reconstruction postmastectomy radiotherapy radiotherapy techniques

EHMT2 promotes tumorigenesis in GNAQ/11-mutant uveal melanoma via ARHGAP29-mediated RhoA pathway

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第3期14卷 1187-1203页

作者： Yongyun Li Tianyu Zhu Jie Yang Qianqian zhang Shiqiong Xu Shengfang Ge Renbing Jia jianming zhang Xianqun Fan Department of Ophthalmology Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200001China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology Shanghai 200001China National Research Center for Translational Medicine(Shanghai) State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Institute of HematologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Institute of Translational Medicine Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced StudyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Constitutive activation of GNAQ/11 is the initiative oncogenic event in uveal melanoma(UM).Direct targeting GNAQ/11 has yet to be proven feasible as they are vital for a plethora of cellular functions.In search of genetic vulnerability for UM,we found that inhibition of euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 2(EHMT2)expression or activity significantly reduced the proliferation and migration capacity of cancer cells.Notably,elevated expression of EHMT2 had been validated in UM samples.Furthermore,Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated high EHMT2 protein level was related to poor recurrence-free survival and a more advanced T stage.Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analysis and the following mechanistic investigation showed that ARHGAP29 was a downstream target of EHMT2.Its transcription was suppressed by EHMT2 in a methyltransferasedependent pattern in GNAQ/11-mutant UM cells,leading to elevated RhoA activity.Rescuing constitutively active RhoA in UM cells lacking EHMT2 restored oncogenic phenotypes.Simultaneously blocking EHMT2 and GNAQ/11 signaling in vitro and in vivo showed a synergistic effect on UM growth,suggesting the driver role of these two key molecules.In summary,our study shows evidence for an epigenetic program of EHMT2 regulation that influences UM progression and indicates inhibiting EHMT2 and MEK/ERK simultaneously as a therapeutic strategy in GNAQ/11-mutant UM.

关键词： Uveal melanoma EHMT2 RhoA pathway ARHGAP29 G protein GNAQ GNA11

Layered Structural PBAT Composite Foams for Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 273-286页

作者： jianming Yang Hu Wang Yali zhang Hexin zhang Junwei Gu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa’anshanAnhui 243032People’s Republic of China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072ShaanxiPeople’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China

The utilization of eco-friendly,lightweight,high-efficiency and high-absorbing electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding composites is imperative in light of the worldwide promotion of sustainable manufacturing.In this work,magnetic poly(butyleneadipate-coterephthalate)(PBAT)microspheres were firstly synthesized via phase separation method,then PBAT composite foams with layered structure was constructed through the supercritical carbon dioxide foaming and scraping techniques.The merits of integrating ferroferric oxideloaded multi-walled carbon nanotubes(Fe3O4@MWCNTs)nanoparticles,a microcellular framework,and a highly conductive silver layer have been judiciously orchestrated within this distinctive layered configuration.Microwaves are consumed throughout the process of“absorption-reflection-reabsorption”as much as possible,which greatly declines the secondary radiation pollution.The biodegradable PBAT composite foams achieved an EMI shielding effectiveness of up to 68 dB and an absorptivity of 77%,and authenticated favorable stabilization after the tape adhesion experiment.

关键词： Electromagnetic interference shielding Layered structure Supercritical carbon dioxide foaming Poly(butyleneadipateco-terephthalate) Microcellular

Comparative analysis between single-train passing and double-train intersection in a tunnel

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第5期25卷 429-442页

作者： jianming DU Qian FANG Xuan zhang Hualao WANG Bridge and Tunnel Research Center Research Institute of Highway Ministry of TransportBejing 100088China Tunnel and Underground Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 00044China

Aerodynamic pressure significantly impacts the scientific evaluation of tunnel service performance.The aerodynamic pressure of two trains running in a double-track tunnel is considerably more complicated than that of a single train.We used the numerical method to investigate the difference in aerodynamic pressure between a single train and two trains running in a double-track tunnel.First,the numerical method was verified by comparing the results of numerical simulation and on-site monitoring.Then,the characteristics of aerodynamic pressure were studied.Finally,the influence of various train-tunnel factors on the characteristics of aerodynamic pressure was investigated.The results show that the aerodynamic pressure variation can be divided into stage I:irregular pressure fluctuations before the train tail leaves the tunnel exit,and stage II:periodic pressure declines after the train tail leaves the tunnel exit.In addition,the aerodynamic pressure simultaneously jumps positively or drops negatively for a single train or two trains running in double-track tunnel scenarios.The pressure amplitude in the two-train case is higher than that for a single train.The maximum positive peak pressure difference(P_(STP))and maximum negative peak pressure difference(P_(STN))increase as train speed rises to the power from 2.256 to 2.930 in stage I.The P_(STP) and P_(STN) first increase and then decrease with the increase of tunnel length in stage I.The P_(STP) and P_(STN) increase as the blockage ratio rises to the power from 2.032 to 2.798 in stages I and II.

关键词： Railway tunnel Aerodynamic effect Pressure characteristic Train speed Tunnel length Blockage ratio

Mechanical behaviors of warm and ice-rich frozen soil stabilized with sulphoaluminate cement

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 335-345页

作者： WANG Honglei zhang Hu zhang jianming zhang Qi YIN Zhenhua State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Civil Engineering and Transportation Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China National Key Laboratory of Green and Long-Life Road Engineering in Extreme Environment CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.LtdXi'an 710065China Railway Engineering Research Institute China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedBeijing 100081China

The warm and ice-rich frozen soil is characterized by high unfrozen water content, low shear strength and large compressibility, which is unreliable to meet the stability requirements of engineering infrastructures and foundations in permafrost regions. In this study, a novel approach for stabilizing the warm and ice-rich frozen soil with sulphoaluminate cement was proposed based on chemical stabilization. The mechanical behaviors of the stabilized soil, such as strength and stress-strain relationship, were investigated through a series of triaxial compression tests conducted at -1.0℃, and the mechanism of strength variations of the stabilized soil was also explained based on scanning electron microscope test. The investigations indicated that the strength of stabilized soil to resist failure has been improved, and the linear Mohr-Coulomb criteria can accurately reflect the shear strength of stabilized soil under various applied confining pressure. The increase in both curing age and cement mixing ratio were favorable to the growth of cohesion and internal friction angle. More importantly, the strength improvement mechanism of the stabilized soil is attributed to the formation of structural skeleton and the generation of cementitious hydration products within itself. Therefore, the investigations conducted in this study provide valuable references for chemical stabilization of warm and ice-rich frozen ground, thereby providing a basis for in-situ ground improvement for reinforcing warm and ice-rich permafrost foundations by soil-cement column installation.

关键词： Permafrost regions Frozen soil Mechanical behavior Chemical stabilization Ground improvement Ground modification

Experimental and numerical interpretation on composite foundation consisting of soil-cement column within warm and ice-rich frozen soil

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 313-321页

作者： WANG Honglei zhang jianming WEI Shoucai SUN Zhizhong zhang Hu School of Civil Engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Second Geological Brigade Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and DevelopmentLhasa 850000China Da Xing’anling Observation and Research Station of Frozen Ground Engineering and Environment Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesJiagedaqi 165100China School of Civil Engineering Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

Affected by climate warming and anthropogenic disturbances, the thermo-mechanical stability of warm and ice-rich frozen ground along the Qinghai-Tibet engineering corridor(QTEC) is continuously decreased, which may delay the construction of major projects in the future. In this study, based on chemical stabilization of warm and icerich frozen ground, the soil-cement column(SCC) for ground improvement was recommended to reinforce the foundations in warm and ice-rich permafrost regions. To explore the validity of countermeasures mentioned above, both the original foundation and the composite foundation consisting of SCC with soil temperature of -1.0℃ were prepared in the laboratory, and then the plate loading tests were carried out. The laboratory investigations indicated that the bearing capacity of composite foundation consisting of SCC was higher than that of original foundation, and the total deformation of original foundation was greater than that of composite foundation, meaning that overall stability of foundation with warm and ice-rich frozen soil can be improved by SCC installation. Meanwhile, a numerical model considering the interface interaction between frozen soil and SCC was established for interpretating the bearing mechanism of composite foundation. The numerical investigations revealed that the SCC within composite foundation was responsible for the more applied load, and the applied load can be delivered to deeper zone in depth due to the SCC installation, which was favorable for improving the bearing characteristic of composite foundation. The investigations provide the valuable guideline for the choice of engineering supporting techniques to major projects within the QTEC.

关键词： Chemical stabilization Ground improvement Composite foundation Frozen soil engineering Qinghai-Tibet engineering corridor

CAV driving safety monitoring and warning via V2X-based edge computing system

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第1期11卷 107-127页

作者： Cheng CHANG Jiawei zhang Kunpeng zhang Yichen ZHENG Mengkai SHI jianming HU Shen LI Li LI Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Electrical Engineering Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Nebula Link Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China Department of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Driving safety and accident prevention are attracting increasing global interest.Current safety monitoring systems often face challenges such as limited spatiotemporal coverage and accuracy,leading to delays in alerting drivers about potential hazards.This study explores the use of edge computing for monitoring vehicle motion and issuing accident warnings,such as lane departures and vehicle collisions.Unlike traditional systems that depend on data from single vehicles,the cooperative vehicle-infrastructure system collects data directly from connected and automated vehicles(CAVs)via vehicle-to-everything communication.This approach facilitates a comprehensive assessment of each vehicle’s risk.We propose algorithms and specific data structures for evaluating accident risks associated with different CAVs.Furthermore,we examine the prerequisites for data accuracy and transmission delay to enhance the safety of CAV driving.The efficacy of this framework is validated through both simulated and real-world road tests,proving its utility in diverse driving conditions.

关键词： driving safety accident prevention connected and automated vehicles edge computing

3D bioprinting of in vitro porous hepatoma models:establishment,evaluation,and anticancer drug testing

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第2期7卷 137-152页

作者： Xiaoyuan Wang Zixian Liu Qianqian Duan Boye zhang Yanyan Cao Zhizhong Shen Meng Li Yanfeng Xi jianming Wang Shengbo Sang Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors and Artificial Intelligence Perception College of Electronic Information and Optical EngineeringTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Shanxi Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science Taiyuan 030031China Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan 030024China Department of Pathology Shanxi Provincial Cancer HospitalTaiyuan 030024China General Hospital of Taiyuan Iron and Steel Company Taiyuan 030809China

Traditional tumor models do not tend to accurately simulate tumor growth in vitro or enable personalized treatment and are particularly unable to discover more beneficial targeted drugs.To address this,this study describes the use of threedimensional(3D)bioprinting technology to construct a 3D model with human hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells(3DP-7721)by combining gelatin methacrylate(GelMA)and poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)as two immiscible aqueous phases to form a bioink and innovatively applying fluorescent carbon quantum dots for long-term tracking of cells.The GelMA(10%,mass fraction)and PEO(1.6%,mass fraction)hydrogel with 3:1 volume ratio offered distinct pore-forming characteristics,satisfactorymechanical properties,and biocompatibility for the creation of the 3DP-7721 model.Immunofluorescence analysis and quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(PCR)were used to evaluate the biological properties of the model.Compared with the two-dimensional culture cell model(2D-7721)and the 3D mixed culture cell model(3DM-7721),3DP-7721 significantly improved the proliferation of cells and expression of tumor-related proteins and genes.Moreover,we evaluated the differences between the three culture models and the effectiveness of antitumor drugs in the three models and discovered that the efficacy of antitumor drugs varied because of significant differences in resistance proteins and genes between the three models.In addition,the comparison of tumor formation in the three models found that the cells cultured by the 3DP-7721 model had strong tumorigenicity in nude mice.Immunohistochemical evaluation of the levels of biochemical indicators related to the formation of solid tumors showed that the 3DP-7721 model group exhibited pathological characteristics of malignant tumors,the generated solid tumors were similar to actual tumors,and the deterioration was higher.This research therefore acts as a foundation for the application of 3DP-7721 models in drug development research.

关键词： 3D bioprinting Hepatoma tumor models Drug screening Antitumor drug development

The key role of myostatin b in somatic growth in fishes derived from distant hybridization

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1441-1454页

作者： Qingfeng Liu Lujiao Duan Bei Li Xuanyi zhang Fanglei Liu jianming Yu Yuqin Shu Fangzhou Hu Jingjing Lin Xiaoxia Xiong Shaojun Liu State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China College of Life Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China

The basic mechanism of heterosis has not been systematically and completely characterized.In previous studies,we obtained three economically important fishes that exhibit rapid growth,WR(WCC♀×RCC♂),WR-Ⅱ(WR♀×WCC♂),and WR-Ⅲ(WR-Ⅱ♀×4nAU♂),through distant hybridization.However,the mechanism underlying this rapid growth remains unclear.In this study,we found that WR,WR-Ⅱ,and WR-Ⅲshowed muscle hypertrophy and higher muscle protein and fat contents compared with their parent species(RCC and WCC).Candidate genes responsible for this rapid growth were then obtained through an analysis of 12 muscle transcriptomes.Notably,the mRNA level of mstnb(myostatin b),which is a negative regulator of myogenesis,was significantly reduced in WR,WR-Ⅱ,and WR-Ⅲcompared with the parent species.To verify the function of mstnb,a mstnb-deficient mutant RCC line was generated using the CRISPR-Cas9 technique.The average body weight of mstnb-deficient RCC at 12 months of age was significantly increased by 29.57%compared with that in wild-type siblings.Moreover,the area and number of muscle fibers were significantly increased in mstnb-deficient RCC,indicating hypertrophy and hyperplasia.Furthermore,the muscle protein and fat contents were significantly increased in mstnb-deficient RCC.The molecular regulatory mechanism of mstnb was then revealed by transcription profiling,which showed that genes related to myogenesis(myod,myog,and myf5),protein synthesis(PI3K-AKT-mTOR),and lipogenesis(pparγand fabp3)were highly activated in hybrid fishes and mstnb-deficient RCC.This study revealed that low expression or deficiency of mstnb regulates somatic growth by promoting myogenesis,protein synthesis,and lipogenesis in hybrid fishes and mstnb-deficient RCC,which provides evidence for the molecular mechanism of heterosis via distant hybridization.

关键词： distant hybridization heterosis somatic growth myostatin b genome editing