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Viologen-based flexible electrochromic devices

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 453-470,I0012页

作者： Wenwen Wu Shanlu Guo Jing Bian Xingyu He Haizeng li jianmin li College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023JiangsuChina Department of Pathology College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati 45221OhioUSA Optics and Thermal Radiation Research Center Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237ShandongChina

Electrochromic technology has gained significant attention in various fields such as displays,smart windows,biomedical monitoring,military camouflage,human-machine interaction,and electronic skin due to its ability to provide reversible and fast color changes under applied voltage.With the rapid development and increasing demand for flexible electronics,flexible electrochromic devices(FECDs)that offer smarter and more controllable light modulation hold great promise for practical applications.The electrochromic material(ECM)undergoing color changes during the electrochemical reactions is one of the key components in electrochromic devices.Among the ECMs,viologens,a family of organic small molecules with 1,1'-disubstituted-4,4'-dipyridinium salts,have garnered extensive research interest,due to their well-reversible redox reactions,excellent electron acceptance ability,and the ability to produce multiple colors.Notably,viologen-based FECDs demonstrate color changes in the liquid or semisolid electrolyte layer,eliminating the need for two solid electrodes and thus simplifying the device structure.Consequently,viologens offer significant potential for the development of FECDs with high optical contrast,fast response speed,and excellent stability.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress and perspectives of viologen-based FECDs.It begins by summarizing the typical structure and recent exciting developments in viologen-based FECDs,along with their advantages and disadvantages.Furthermore,the review discusses recent advancements in FECDs with additional functionalities such as sensing,photochromism,and energy storage.Finally,the remaining challenges and potential research directions for the future of viologen-based FECDs are addressed.

关键词： Flexible electrochromic devices Optical modulation Viologens Flexible electronics Multifunctional devices Electrochromism

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Verification and Application Evaluation of Intelligent Audit Rules for The UN9000 Urine Analysis System

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第3期8卷 238-246页

作者： Hualin He ling Zhang Weiwei Shi Rui Wang Chuanxin Dai Jun li Zheng Wang li Zuo Qunchao Wang Ning li jianmin li Department of Blood Transfusion Tai’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineTai’an 271000China Department of Clinical Laboratory Tai’an Central HospitalTai’an 271000China

Objective:To apply and verify the application of intelligent audit rules for urine analysis by Cui et al.Method:A total of 1139 urine samples of hospitalized patients in Tai’an Central Hospital from September 2021 to November 2021 were randomly selected,and all samples were manually microscopic examined after the detection of the UN9000 urine analysis line.The intelligent audit rules(including the microscopic review rules and manual verification rules)were validated based on the manual microscopic examination and manual audit,and the rules were adjusted to apply to our laboratory.The laboratory turnaround time(TAT)before and after the application of intelligent audit rules was compared.Result:The microscopic review rate of intelligent rules was 25.63%(292/1139),the true positive rate,false positive rate,true negative rate,and false negative rate were 27.66%(315/1139),6.49%(74/1139),62.34%(710/1139)and 3.51%(40/1139),respectively.The approval consistency rate of manual verification rules was 84.92%(727/856),the approval inconsistency rate was 0%(0/856),the interception consistency rate was 12.61%(108/856),and the interception inconsistency rate was 0%(0/856).Conclusion:The intelligence audit rules for urine analysis by Cui et al.have good clinical applicability in our laboratory.

关键词： Urinalysis Manual verification rules Intelligent verification TAT

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Free-standingβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)/SWCNTs composite film for high-rate li-ion storage

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 616-626页

作者： WU ZhiMin liU JiaJia HE XingYu BIAN Jing ZHU XianJun CHEN JianMei li jianmin College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing Universityof Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Pathology College of Medicine University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45267USA

The rapid development of portable and wearable electronic devices is responding to the urgent demand for high-efficiency flexible energy storage devices.Flexible supercapacitors,showing long cycle life,high power density,and good safety,are considered ideal candidates.Nevertheless,the relatively low energy density restricts their practical applications.With a large dielectric constant of 18-46,Ta_(2)O_(5)-based materials typically exhibit excellent electron-binding ability,which is critical for enhancing the energy density of supercapacitors.In this work,the free-standingβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)/single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)composite film was prepared,with a highβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)loading of over 70%.By anchoringβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles onto the surface of SWCNTs,the system’s flexibility and conductivity were significantly enhanced,which also facilitated the intercalation electrodynamics of metal cations.As a result,the flexibleβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)/SWCNTs film exhibits excellent li-ion storage performance,with a high volumetric specific capacitance of 392.3 F cm^(-3)at the scan rate of 10 mV s^(-1)and 198.9 F cm^(-3)at 500 mV s^(-1).In addition,the asymmetric device,assembled by theβ-Ta_(2)O_(5)/SWCNTs and activated carbon films,shows a high energy density of 45.5 Wh kg^(-1)at the power density of 10.8 kW kg^(-1).This technique opens up a new avenue for improving the energy density and rate performance of flexible supercapacitors.

关键词： pseudocapacitor li-ion storage β-Ta_(2)O_(5)/SWCNTs film flexible device high-rate capability

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Comparing Online Performance of EMG Pattern Recognition with and Without Joint Movements

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第5期20卷 2135-2146页

作者： lizhi Pan Kai liu jianmin li Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education School of Mechanical EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300350China

Our previous study suggested that the subcutaneous muscle displacement caused by joint movements might alter muscle activation patterns and thus affect the classification performance.To further analyze the effect of joint movements on the online performance of Electromyography(EMG)Pattern Recognition(PR),this study assessed online classification performance with and without joint movements.EMG signals were recorded from the dominant forearm of 10 able-bodied subjects under two motion scenarios:Hand and Wrist Joints Unconstrained(HAWJU)and Constrained(HAWJC).Sixth-order autoregressive coefficients and four time-domain features were extracted from EMG signals.linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA)models were trained to perform an online performance evaluation of the limb motions.The experimental results showed that the four online performance metrics:Motion Selection Time(MST),Motion Completion Time(MCT),Motion Completion Rate(MCR),and Online Classification Accuracy(ONCA)were 0.35 s,1.44 s,97.40%,and 82.61%for HAWJU and 0.37 s,1.47 s,89.70%,and 73.57%for HAWJC,respectively.The outcomes of this study indicated that subcutaneous muscle displacement due to joint movements has a positive effect on online classification performance.The absence of joint movements may be a physiological factor contributing to the poor online performance of the EMG-PR of transradial amputees.This study can provide a new perspective for improving the online performance of EMG-PR for transradial amputees.

关键词： Electromyography(EMG) Pattern recognition(PR) Joint movements Online performance

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Comparing EMG Pattern Recognition with and Without Hand and Wrist Movements

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第3期19卷 700-708页

作者： lizhi Pan Kai liu Kun Zhu jianmin li Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education School of Mechanical EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China

Electromyography(EMG)pattern recognition has been widely employed for prosthesis control.Several studies demonstrated that amputees had poorer performances of EMG pattern recognition when compared to able-bodied individuals.Several factors,such as the muscle weakness and atrophy of residual limbs,the length of residual limbs,and the decrease of the affected side's motor cortex,had been studied to improve the performance of amputees.However,there was no study on the factor that the absence of joint movements for amputees.This study aimed to investigate whether the hand and wrist joint movements had effects on the EMG pattern recognition.Ten able-bodied subjects were tested for 11 hand and wrist gestures with two different gesture modalities:hand and wrist joints unconstrained(HAWJU)and constrained(HAWJC).Time-domain(TD)features and linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA)were employed to compare the classification performance of the two modalities.Compared to HAWJU,HAWJC significantly reduced the average Classification Accuracy(CA)across all subjects from 95.53 to 85.52%.The experimental results demonstrated that the hand and wrist joint movements had significant effects on EMG pattern recognition.The outcomes provided a new perspective to study the factors affecting EMG pattern recognition.

关键词： Electromyography(EMG) Pattern recognition Classification accuracy(CA) Joint movements

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MXene fibers for electronic textiles:Progress and perspectives

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中国化学快报:英文版 2023年第8期34卷 82-89页

作者： jianmin li Chaoyang Miao Jing Bian Shayan Seyedin Ke li College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE17RUUnited Kingdom Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices(CRANN)&Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research(AMBER)Centre School of ChemistryTrinity College DublinDublinDublin 2Ireland

The rapid evolution of portable and wearable electronic devices has fueled the development of smart functional textiles that are able to conduct electricity,sense body movements,or store energy.One main challenge inhibiting the further development of functional textile-based electronics is the lack of robust functional fibers with suitable electrical,electrochemical and sensing functionalities.MXenes,an emerging family of two-dimensional(2D)materials,have shown to be promising candidates for producing functional fibers due to their exceptional electrical and electrochemical properties combined with solution processability.The unique ability of MXenes to readily form liquid crystal phases in various solvents has allowed them to generate additive-free fibers using a wet spinning process.In this work,we review the recent exciting developments in the fabrication of neat MXenes fibers and present a critical evaluation of practical challenges in MXenes processing that influence the macroscale material properties and the performance of the subsequent devices.We also provide our assessment for the future opportunities and challenges in producing MXene fibers to help pave the way for their widespread use in advanced wearable applications.

关键词： MXene liquid crystal Wet spinning Conductive fiber Functional textile Flexible electronics

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Unraveling the influence of interface defects on antimony trisulfide solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第3期78卷 262-267,I0008页

作者： Hongyi Chen Cheng Wang Shaoying Wang Ruiming li Yan Zeng Zhe li Zhengwei Ou Qianqian lin jianmin li Ti Wang Hongxing Xu School of Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of Artiﬁcial Micro-and Nano-structures of Ministry of EducationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology Wuhan 430206HubeiChina School of Microelectronics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina

Antimony trisulfide(Sb_(2)S_(3)) solar cells suffer from large open circuit voltage deficits due to their intrinsic defects which limit the power conversion efficiency.Thus,it is important to elucidate these defects’ origin and defects at the interface.Here,we discover that sulfide radical defects have a significant impact on the performance of Sb_(2)S_(3)solar cells.Moreover,it has been illustrated that these defects at the CdS/Sb_(2)S_(3)interface can be reduced by optimizing the deposition process.A trap distribution model is used to quantify the defect density at the CdS/Sb_(2)S_(3)interface.It shows that the interface defects can be reduced by24% by improving the deposition process.This work reveals the importance of interface defects and guides the future optimization of Sb_(2)S_(3)solar cells.

关键词： Antimony trisulﬁde Interface defect Transient absorption spectroscopy

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Lung-Targeted Transgene Expression of Nanocomplexed Ad5 Enhances Immune Response in the Presence of Preexisting Immunity

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Engineering 2023年第8期27卷 127-139页

作者： Yilong Yang Shipo Wu Yudong Wang Fangze Shao Peng Lv Ruihua li Xiaofan Zhao Jun Zhang Xiaopeng Zhang jianmin li lihua Hou Junjie Xu Wei Chen Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Beijing 100071China

Recombinant adenovirus serotype 5(Ad5)vector has been widely applied in vaccine development targeting infectious diseases,such as Ebola virus disease and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).However,the high prevalence of preexisting anti-vector immunity compromises the immunogenicity of Ad5-based vaccines.Thus,there is a substantial unmet need to minimize preexisting immunity while improving the insert-induced immunity of Ad5 vectors.Herein,we address this need by utilizing biocompatible nanoparticles to modulate Ad5–host interactions.We show that positively charged human serum albumin nanoparticles((+)HSAnp),which are capable of forming a complex with Ad5,significantly increase the transgene expression of Ad5 in both coxsackievirus–adenovirus receptor-positive and-negative cells.Furthermore,in charge-and dose-dependent manners,Ad5/(+)HSAnp complexes achieve robust(up to227-fold higher)and long-term(up to 60 days)transgene expression in the lungs of mice following intranasal instillation.Importantly,in the presence of preexisting anti-Ad5 immunity,complexed Ad5-based Ebola and COVID-19 vaccines significantly enhance antigen-specific humoral response and mucosal immunity.These findings suggest that viral aggregation and charge modification could be leveraged to engineer enhanced viral vectors for vaccines and gene therapies.

关键词： Adenovirus serotype 5 Vaccine Preexisting immunity Nanoparticles Transgene expression

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Noninvasive Tracking of Every Individual in Unmarked Mouse Groups Using Multi-Camera Fusion and Deep Learning

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第6期39卷 893-910页

作者： Feng Su Yangzhen Wang Mengping Wei Chong Wang Shaoli Wang Lei Yang jianmin li Peijiang Yuan Dong-Gen Luo Chen Zhang Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesBeijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and RepairCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100069China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing102206China State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development Nanjing210000China Peking-Tsinghua Center for life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China School of life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease Institute of Life SciencesSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096JiangsuChina Institute for Artificial Intelligence the State Key Laboratory of Intelligence Technology and SystemsBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyDepartment of Computer Science and TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China

Accurate and efficient methods for identifying and tracking each animal in a group are needed to study complex behaviors and social interactions.Traditional tracking methods(e.g.,marking each animal with dye or surgically implanting microchips)can be invasive and may have an impact on the social behavior being measured.To overcome these shortcomings,video-based methods for tracking unmarked animals,such as fruit flies and zebrafish,have been developed.However,tracking individual mice in a group remains a challenging problem because of their flexible body and complicated interaction patterns.In this study,we report the development of a multi-object tracker for mice that uses the Faster region-based convolutional neural network(R-CNN)deep learning algorithm with geometric transformations in combination with multi-camera/multi-image fusion technology.The system successfully tracked every individual in groups of unmarked mice and was applied to investigate chasing behavior.The proposed system constitutes a step forward in the noninvasive tracking of individual mice engaged in social behavior.

关键词： Noninvasive tracking Deep learning Multi-camera Mouse group Social interaction

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中国生育悖论背后的深层逻辑

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河海大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2024年第1期26卷 1-11页

作者：李建民南开大学经济学院天津摇300071

中国是目前世界上少数几个进入很低生育率状态的发展中国家之一,这种超前于现代化发展水平的状态成为一个悖论。破解中国低生育率之谜,需要从中国特殊的社会结构性因素入手。研究认为,中国生育悖论的背后有经济、文化和制度3个层面的逻... 详细信息

中国是目前世界上少数几个进入很低生育率状态的发展中国家之一,这种超前于现代化发展水平的状态成为一个悖论。破解中国低生育率之谜,需要从中国特殊的社会结构性因素入手。研究认为,中国生育悖论的背后有经济、文化和制度3个层面的逻辑,在各自的作用机制及其合力作用下共同构造了一个充满张力的社会场域,通过个人生命历程的高度制度化,对个人的生育意愿和生育决策产生直接和强烈的影响,并形成低生育行为模式的路径依赖,或者说陷入一种结构性低生育率陷阱。这3条逻辑都有其历史根源,是一种长期性、结构性的社会构造力。因此,低生育率社会场域在短期内难以破局。在低生育率的政策应对上,不仅需要消除性别歧视和“母职惩罚”,促进“工作生育”平衡等生育友好政策,更需要深化各项民生制度改革,从根本上消除或调整抑制生育意愿和生育行为的结构性因素。

关键词：生育悖论低生育率生命历程制度化

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