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Supplementation of serine in low-gossypol cottonseed meal-based diet improved egg white gelling and rheological properties by regulating ovomucin synthesis and magnum physiological function in laying hens

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第3期 1152-1166页

作者： jianmin zhou Yu Fu Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna Jing Wang Haijun Zhang Xiubo Li Guanghai Qi Shugeng Wu Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Feed Hazards (Beijing) of Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs/Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

This study examined the effect of dietary serine(Ser) on egg white quality, ovomucin content of laying hens fed low-gossypol cottonseed meal(LCSM)-based diet and sought to explore the regulatory mechanism underlying the effects. A total of 288 Hy-Line Brown layers were randomly assigned into 3 treatments and respectively offered soybean meal(SBM)-based diet, LCSM-based diet, and LCSM-based diet supplemented with 0.435% L-Ser. Dietary Ser supplementation reversed the decrease in quality indices of albumen, including the proportion of thick albumen(P<0.05), thick-to-thin ratio(P<0.05), albumen height(P<0.05), Haugh unit(P<0.05), and apparent viscosity that were caused by LCSM intake. Also, dietary Ser supplementation mitigated the LCSM-induced reduction in ovomucin content of the albumen(P<0.05). FT-IR analysis of ovomucin revealed differences in second derivative spectra at 1,200–800 cm–1 between birds received SBM-and LCSM-based diets, meanwhile, the α-helix of ovomucin was decreased by LCSM but increased by Ser addition(P<0.05). Furthermore, Ser addition up-regulated the mRNA expression of β-ovomucin in magnum mucosa at 2 and 7.5 h post-oviposition(P<0.05). Ser mitigated the LCSMinduced impairment of magnum epithelium, increased goblet cell counts(P<0.05), and up-regulated the expression of occludin, mucin 2, and the relevant glycosyltransferases for O-glycosylation in magnum mucosa(P<0.05).Conclusively, the alleviating effect of Ser on declining albumen quality due to dietary LCSM, could be explained by the efficacy of Ser in regulating ovomucin synthesis. This regulation occurred at the levels of transcription and posttranscriptional O-glycosylation modification of β-ovomucin, while positive effect on magnum morphology and barrier function could also in part account for the ovomucin content. This would provide a promising research direction on the adoption of nutritional interventions for manipulation of egg white quality from perspectives of albumen protein synt

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An InSAR scattering model for multi-layer snow based on QuasiCrystalline Approximation(QCA) theory

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第8期61卷 1112-1126页

作者： Zhen LI Zhixian LI Bangsen TIAN jianmin zhou Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Snow-cover parameters are important indicator factors for hydrological models and climate change studies and have typical vertical stratification characteristics. Remote sensing can be used for large-scale monitoring of snow parameters. In SAR(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) technology has advantages in detecting the vertical structure of snow cover. As a basis of snow vertical structure detection using In SAR, a scattering model can reveal the physical process of interaction between electromagnetic waves and snow. In recent years, the In SAR scattering model for single-layer snow has been fully studied;however, it cannot be applied to the case of multi-layer snow. To solve this problem, a multi-layer snow scattering mode is proposed in this paper, which applies the QCA(Quad-Crystal Approximation) theory to describe the coherent scattering characteristics of snow and introduces a stratification factor to describe the influence of snow stratification on the crosscorrelation of SAR echoes. Based on the proposed model, we simulate an In SAR volumetric correlation of different types of multi-layer snow at the X band(9.6 GHz). The results show that this model is suitable for multi-layer snow, and the sequence of sub-layers of snow has a significant influence on the volumetric correlation. Compared to the single layer model, the multi-layer model can predict a polarization difference in the volumetric correlation more accurately and thus has a wider scope of application. To make the model more available for snow parameter inversion, a simplified multi-layer model was also *** model did not have polarization information compared to that of the full model but showed good consistency with the full model. The phase of the co-polarization In SAR volumetric correlation difference is more sensitive to snow parameters than that of the phase difference of the co-polarization In SAR volumetric correlation and more conducive to the development of a parameter-inve

关键词： Snow InSAR QCA Scattering model

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In Situ Measurement of Ammonia Concentration in Soil Headspace Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy

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Pedosphere 2015年第4期25卷 605-612页

作者： DU Changwen WANG Jiao zhou Zijun SHEN Yazhen zhou jianmin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences

Ammonia （NH3） volatilization is one of the important pathways of nitrogen loss in alkaline soil, and the NH3 concentration in soil headspace is directly linked with the NH3 volatilization. Ammonia was characterized by Fourier transform mid-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy （FTIR-PAS） and two typical absorption bands in the region of 850-1 200 cm-1 were observed, which could be used for the prediction of NH3 concentration in the soil headspaze. An alkaline soil from North China was involved in the soil incubation, pot and field experiments under three fertilization treatments （control without N input （CK）, urea and coated urea）. Ammonia concentrations in the soil headspace were determined in each experiment. In the soil incubation experiment, the NH3 emissions were initiated by the N input, reached the highest concentration on day 2, and decreased to the level as measured in CK after 8 d, with significantly higher NH3 emissions in the urea treatment compared to coated urea treatment, especially during the first 4 d. The NH3 concentration in soil headspace of the pot experiment showed the similar dynamics as that in the incubation experiment; however, the NH3 concentration in the soil headspace in the field experiment demonstrated a significantly different emission pattern with those of the incubation and pot experiments, and there was a 4-d delay for the NH3 concentration. Therefore, the NH3 concentration in the incubation and pot experiments could not be directly used to model the real NH3 emission in the field due to the differences in fertilization method and application rate as well as soil temperature and soil disturbance. It was recommended that light irrigation in the second week after fertilization and involvement of controlled release coated urea could be used to significantly decrease N loss from the perspective of NH3 volatilization. Key Words： ammonia volatilization, cantilevel-type microphone, nitrogen, principal component regression, soil incubation.

关键词： ammonia volatilization cantilevel-type microphone nitrogen principal component regression soil incubation

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Nutrient Composition and Distance from Point Placement to the Plant Affect Rice Growth

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Pedosphere 2018年第1期28卷 124-134页

作者： HU Fengqin WANG Huoyan MOU Pu zhou jianmin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University

Point placement of urea is an efficient technology to improve urea use efficiency in transplanted rice(Oryza sativa L.), but it is largely unknown how nutrient composition in the point placement and the distance from placement site to the plant influence rice root distribution and growth, nutrient uptake, and rice grain yield. A controlled greenhouse experiment was conducted using both N-and P-deficient soil with point placement of N only or N and P together(N + P) at a distance close to or far from the plant,in comparison to an N-spilt application and a no-N control. Both nutrient composition and distance significantly affected rice root growth. Compared with the N point placement, the N + P point placement led to smaller root length and mass densities, higher specific root length(SRL) around the placement site, smaller root system, higher straw mass and grain yield, and higher N and P uptake. The difference between the N + P and N point placements was greater when close to the plant than when far from the plant. It is suggested that higher SRL around the placement site is essential for improving nutrient uptake and rice grain yield, and simultaneous point placement of N and P has a synergistic effect on rice growth.

关键词： N use efficiency nutrient uptake phosphate rice yield root growth urea

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Comparison of potential potassium leaching associated with organic and inorganic potassium sources in different arable soils in China

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Pedosphere 2022年第2期32卷 330-338页

作者： Dianjun LU Yanhong DONG Xiaoqin CHEN Huoyan WANG jianmin zhou State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Soil and Fertilizer Station of Shandong Province Jinan 250100China

Potassium (K) leaching is detrimental to the maintenance of sustainable arable soil K fertility,especially in low-K fixation *** is not known whether the application of inorganic fertilizers with lower K mobility or crop straw can reduce potential K leaching in low-K fixation arable *** potential K leaching of 14 representative arable soils with different K fixation capacities in China was evaluated with or without the addition of K under two rainfall intensities (90 and 225 mm),and then potential K leaching was assessed in relation to five K sources (KCl,K_(2)SO_(4),KH_(2)PO_(4),maize (Zea mays L.) straw,and rice (Oryza sativa L.) straw).Without K addition,K leaching mainly occurred in sandy soils at 90 mm of rainfall and in soils with greater organic matter at225 mm of *** K addition,the leaching percentage of exogenous K ranged from 0.6%to 11.6%at 90 mm of rainfall and 1.2%to 21.2%at 225 mm of *** greatest K leaching occurred in soils with fewer K-bearing minerals and lower pH at both rainfall *** most cases,KH_(2)PO_(4),which has lower K mobility,markedly reduced K leaching in both high-and low-K leaching soils at the two rainfall *** and rice straw reduced K leaching only in soils with high K leaching,regardless of rainfall amount,whereas more K was leached in soils with lower K leaching at high rainfall *** conclusion,KH_(2)PO_(4) and straw should be preferred for reducing K leaching in low-K fixation arable soils.

关键词： crop straw K-bearing mineral K fixation K source soil type

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Calculation methods of the crack width and deformation for concrete beams with high-strength steel bars

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013年第3期7卷 316-324页

作者： jianmin zhou Shuo CHEN Yang CHEN College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Three groups of concrete beams reinforced with high-strength steel bars were tested,and the crack width and deformation of the specimens were observed and *** facilitate the predictions,two simplified formulations according to a theory developed by the first author were *** advantages of the formulations were verified by the test data and compared with several formulas in different codes.

关键词： concrete beam high-strength steel bar crack width deformation

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Monitoring thickness and volume changes of the Dongkemadi Ice Field on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (1969-2000) using Shuttle Radar Topography Mission and map data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2012年第6期5卷 516-532页

作者： Zhen Li Qiang Xing Shiyin Liu jianmin zhou Lei Huang Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Center for Earth Observation and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina

This paper presents the first measurement of multi-decadal thickness and volume changes(1969?2000)of the Dongkemadi Ice Field(DIF)in the Tanggula Mountains,central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China,using multi-source remote sensing *** include the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM)Digital Elevation Model(DEM)acquired in February,2000,a DEM generated by digitising analogue topographic maps from 1969,and Landsat ETM?imagery from *** glacier outlines and GIS-based processing were used to calculate an elevation difference map to evaluate the relative elevation error of these two DEMs over ice-free *** methodwas also used to identify regions of glacier elevation thinning and thickening corresponding to glacier mass loss and *** of 67,520 points on flat grass and rock terrain surrounding the DIF,with a slope less than 258,showed a mean elevation difference of?0.90 m and a standard deviation of 5.58 m.A thickness change error within 96 m was *** 1969 and 2000,76.51%of the whole DIF area appeared to be thinning while 23.49%showed *** average glacier surface thinning was?12.58 m with a standard deviation of 18.29 m and the estimated volume loss was 1.17 km *** standard deviation of volume change was 0.0006 km 3 over the DIF.A thinning rate up to 0.4190.194 m a?1 or 0.038 km 3 a?1 for the volume loss was observed for the whole ice field,which seems to be evidence for the ongoing retreat of glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibetan *** was found that the spatial thickness change pattern derived from the remote sensing method was consistent with the thickness change results of the Small Dongkemadi Glacier(SDG)from field *** estimated error of the annual thickness change rate was on the order of 5%.The relationship between elevation change and absolute glacier elevation over typical glaciers was also analysed,showing considerable *** changes have possibly resulted from increased temperature and d

关键词： Dongkemadi Ice Field SRTM map volume change

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Exploring the influence of crystal packing on the optical-physical property of quercetin-based binary and ternary solid forms

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第6期34卷 346-349页

作者： Zhonghua Li jianmin zhou Xin Zhang Songgu Wu Junbo Gong State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Shantou 515031China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China

The co-crystallization of quercetin(Qur)with a flexible molecule 4-(4-pyridinyldisulfanyl)pyridine(DPDS)in different solvents and conditions was investigated,yielded five multi-component crystalline phases and characterized with X-ray diffractions and thermal *** the crystal system of Qur-DPDSMe OH and Qur-DPDS-Dioxane is the same,the desolvation results revealed that Qur-DPDS-Me OH transformed to Qur-DPDS when Me OH solvent molecules escape from the lattice,while Qur-DPDS-Dioxane transformed to Qur-DPDS-II through a similar process,which is same with *** two cocrystal polymorphs Qur-DPDS and Qur-DPDS-II obey an enantiotropic ***,the formation of cocrystal solvates improves the packing efficiency of *** structure analysis showed that hydrogen bonds and conformations of the corresponding parent molecules play a major role in molecular assembly and crystal packing patterns,thus bring different physicochemical ***,the fluorescence spectra and quantum-chemical calculations were carried out to explore the difference in the optical-physical properties.

关键词： Natural plant pigment Cocrystal Solvate Crystal structure Molecular conformation Intermolecular interaction

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Permafrost environment monitoring on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using time series ASAR images

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第10期8卷 840-860页

作者： Zhen Li Panpan Tang jianmin zhou Bangsen Tian Quan Chen Sitao Fu Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The permafrost in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)has long been the focus of many *** this study,we first use the method that integrates synthetic aperture radar(SAR)intensity and phase information to monitor permafrost environment in the Beiluhe Region,using time series advanced SAR *** backscattering coefficients(σ^(0))and deformation were extracted for the main features,and the influences of meteorological conditions to them were also *** results show that both the change inσ^(0)and surface deformation are closely related to the active layer,and the deformation is also affected by the permafrost ***,over meadow and sparse vegetation regions,σ^(0)rose about 6.9 and 4 dB from the freezing to thawing period,respectively,which can be mainly attributed to the thaw of the active layer and increased ***,seasonal deformation,derived from the freeze-thaw cycle of the active layer,was characteristic of frost heave and thaw settlement and exhibited a negative correlation with air *** magnitude was larger than 1 cm in a seasonal ***,significant secular settlement was observed,with rates ranging from-16 to 2 mm/a,and it was primarily due to the thaw of the permafrost table caused by climate warming.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ASAR permafrost environment backscattering coefficients deformation climate warming

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Reporter-based screen for Arabidopsis mutants compromised in nonhost resistance

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第7期53卷 1027-1034页

作者： CHEN HuaMin PAN JunSong ZHAO XiuXiang zhou jianmin CAI Run School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China National Institute of Biological Sciences Beijing 102206 China College of Plant Protection Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang 110161 China

Plants are exposed to many potentially pathogenic microbes in the environment, but each species is only susceptible to a limited number of pathogens. The broad resistance is referred to as nonhost re-sistance. To date, little is known about the underlying mechanism of nonhost resistance and the sig-naling transduction process. Here we describe a simple method for isolating Arabidopsis nonhost re-sistance mutants against a nonadapted bacterial pathogen. A RAP2.6 promoter-driven LUC reporter system was developed to replace the tedious bacterial growth assay during the primary screening. The RAP2.6-LUC reporter gene is normally induced by the virulent bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato but not the nonadapted bacterium P. syringae pv phaseolicola. By using this method we iso-lated 4 mutants displaying strong reporter activity in response to P. syringae pv phaseolicola, which were characterized in some details. ebs1, ebs2, ebs3, and ebs4 (enhanced bacterial susceptibility) were compromised in resistance against P. syringae pv phaseolicola and/or P. syringae pv tomato. In addi-tion, ebs4 showed enhanced hypersensitive response to the incompatible bacterium P. syringae pv tomato (avrB). These results demonstrated that the method is suited for large scale screening for nonhost resistance mutants.

关键词：突变体抗寄生植物电阻基因

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