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Decreased eggshell strength caused by impairment of uterine calcium transport coincide with higher bone minerals and quality in aged laying hens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1258-1277页

作者： Yu Fu jianmin zhou Martine Schroyen Haijun Zhang Shugeng Wu Guanghai Qi Jing Wang Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory Gembloux Agro‑Bio TechTERRA Teaching and Research CentreUniversity of LiegeGembloux B‑5030Belgium

Background Deteriorations in eggshell and bone quality are major challenges in aged laying *** study compared the differences of eggshell quality,bone parameters and their correlations as well as uterine physiologi-cal characteristics and the bone remodeling processes of hens laying eggs of different eggshell breaking strength to explore the mechanism of eggshell and bone quality reduction and their interaction.A total of 24074-week-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were selected and allocated to a high(HBS,44.83±1.31 N)or low(LBS,24.43±0.57 N)eggshell breaking strength *** A decreased thickness,weight and weight ratio of eggshells were observed in the LBS,accompanied with ultrastructural deterioration and total Ca *** quality was negatively correlated with eggshell quality,marked with enhanced structures and increased components in the *** the LBS,the mammillary knobs and effective layer grew *** the initiation stage of eggshell calcification,a total of 130 differentially expressed genes(DEGs,122 upregulated and 8 downregulated)were identified in the uterus of hens in the LBS relative to those in the *** DEGs were relevant to apoptosis due to the cellular Ca *** values of p62 protein level,caspase-8 activity,Bax protein expression and lower values of Bcl protein expression and Bcl/Bax ratio were seen in the *** assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed a significant increase in TUNEL-positive cells and tissue damages in the uterus of the *** few DEGs were identified at the growth stage,similar uterine tissue damages were also observed in the *** expressions of runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocal-cin were upregulated in humeri of the *** diameter and more structural damages of endocortical bones and decreased ash were observed in femurs of the *** The lower eggshell breaking strength may be attributed to a declined Ca transport due to uterine tissue damages,which

关键词： Bone parameter Calcium transport Eggshell quality Laying hen Tissue damage

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收放自如的明星战车

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植物学报 2024年第3期59卷 343-346页

作者：周俭民崖州湾国家实验室三亚572024

植物免疫受体感知病原信号分子并迅速激活自身免疫反应,对植物抵御病原微生物入侵至关重要。但在未受到病原侵染时,这些免疫受体的活性需受到严密控制,以保证植物的正常生长。水稻(Oryza sativa)受体激酶OsCERK1是重要的免疫受体或共受... 详细信息

植物免疫受体感知病原信号分子并迅速激活自身免疫反应,对植物抵御病原微生物入侵至关重要。但在未受到病原侵染时,这些免疫受体的活性需受到严密控制,以保证植物的正常生长。水稻(Oryza sativa)受体激酶OsCERK1是重要的免疫受体或共受体,可感知病原真菌细胞壁组分几丁质。同时, OsCERK1还对感知丛枝菌根真菌的共生信号菌根因子不可或缺。最近的一项研究发现OsCERK1的一个精密调控机制,既能在植株正常生长时有效抑制OsCERK1活性,又能保证病原入侵时OsCERK1充分激活免疫反应。他们发现,正常情况下,水稻E3泛素连接酶OsCIE1通过泛素化修饰OsCERK1的激酶结构域,抑制后者的激酶活性,从而抑制免疫过度激活以保持稳态;被几丁质激活后,OsCERK1又能通过特异磷酸化OsCIE1的关键位点,阻断后者的E3连接酶活性,进而解除OsCIE1对OsCERK1的抑制。该发现对利用免疫受体进行水稻抗病改良具有重要意义。

关键词：免疫受体水稻抗病翻译后修饰泛素化磷酸化

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剪切参数对混装乳化炸药稳定性及爆炸性能的影响

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爆破器材 2024年第3期53卷 10-16页

作者：吴勇周建敏汪帅文肖明辉保利新联爆破工程集团有限公司贵州贵阳550002 哈密市公安局治安支队新疆哈密839000

为研究剪切参数对混装乳化炸药稳定性及爆炸性能的影响规律,以新疆某露天煤矿混装乳化炸药地面站为工程背景,通过自然储存、运输颠簸振动、爆炸性能测试等方法,优化了该地面站混装乳化炸药的乳化工艺及剪切参数。结果表明:一定范围内,... 详细信息

为研究剪切参数对混装乳化炸药稳定性及爆炸性能的影响规律,以新疆某露天煤矿混装乳化炸药地面站为工程背景,通过自然储存、运输颠簸振动、爆炸性能测试等方法,优化了该地面站混装乳化炸药的乳化工艺及剪切参数。结果表明:一定范围内,乳胶基质的抗颠簸振动及自然储存稳定性与剪切强度正相关;采用涡轮式叶片制备的乳胶基质稳定性最好,推进式叶片次之,桨式叶片最差;随着搅拌桨叶片长度的增加和叶片层数的增多,乳胶基质的析晶率呈递减趋势,稳定性升高。现场爆破试验结果表明,使用优化后的乳化工艺及剪切参数制备的混装乳化炸药的爆速达到4200 m/s左右,经历1000 km的长途运输后仍可稳定起爆,爆堆块度和大块率明显降低,爆破效果得到明显改善。

关键词：混装乳化炸药剪切参数稳定性爆炸性能参数优化

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铁改性煤矸石去除废水中镉的研究

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化工新型材料 2024年第S01期52卷 272-277,284页

作者：白雪莉蒲彦君周建民税永红成都纺织高等专科学校固体废物生态低碳资源化重点实验室成都611756 四川轻化工大学材料科学与工程学院自贡643000 西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院成都611756

废水中的镉会严重威胁环境和人体健康。采用水热法制备铁改性煤矸石,并将其应用于含镉废水的处理。利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积(BET)和Zeta电位等方法对材料的结构和表面性质进行分析,研究铁改性煤... 详细信息

废水中的镉会严重威胁环境和人体健康。采用水热法制备铁改性煤矸石,并将其应用于含镉废水的处理。利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积(BET)和Zeta电位等方法对材料的结构和表面性质进行分析,研究铁改性煤矸石对Cd^(2+)的吸附行为,考察了pH和共存离子等因素对其吸附性能的影响,探讨了其吸附动力学、吸附等温线。结果表明:铁改性煤矸石经改性后其比表面积提高了2.85倍,最佳反应pH为8,共存离子CO_(3)^(2-)、SO_(4)^(-)、F-促进吸附反应;据伪二级动力学和Freundlich吸附等温式,表明对Cd^(2+)的吸附是单分子层化学吸附,吸附过程是自发吸热过程;30℃和50℃时铁改性煤矸石对Cd^(2+)最大拟合吸附量分别为32mg/g和34.18mg/g。铁改性煤矸石对废水中的Cd^(2+)具有良好的吸附性,有望用于重金属离子废水的处理。

关键词：煤矸石改性 Cd^(2+) 吸附性能吸附机理

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An InSAR scattering model for multi-layer snow based on QuasiCrystalline Approximation(QCA) theory

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第8期61卷 1112-1126页

作者： Zhen LI Zhixian LI Bangsen TIAN jianmin zhou Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Snow-cover parameters are important indicator factors for hydrological models and climate change studies and have typical vertical stratification characteristics. Remote sensing can be used for large-scale monitoring of snow parameters. In SAR(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) technology has advantages in detecting the vertical structure of snow cover. As a basis of snow vertical structure detection using In SAR, a scattering model can reveal the physical process of interaction between electromagnetic waves and snow. In recent years, the In SAR scattering model for single-layer snow has been fully studied;however, it cannot be applied to the case of multi-layer snow. To solve this problem, a multi-layer snow scattering mode is proposed in this paper, which applies the QCA(Quad-Crystal Approximation) theory to describe the coherent scattering characteristics of snow and introduces a stratification factor to describe the influence of snow stratification on the crosscorrelation of SAR echoes. Based on the proposed model, we simulate an In SAR volumetric correlation of different types of multi-layer snow at the X band(9.6 GHz). The results show that this model is suitable for multi-layer snow, and the sequence of sub-layers of snow has a significant influence on the volumetric correlation. Compared to the single layer model, the multi-layer model can predict a polarization difference in the volumetric correlation more accurately and thus has a wider scope of application. To make the model more available for snow parameter inversion, a simplified multi-layer model was also *** model did not have polarization information compared to that of the full model but showed good consistency with the full model. The phase of the co-polarization In SAR volumetric correlation difference is more sensitive to snow parameters than that of the phase difference of the co-polarization In SAR volumetric correlation and more conducive to the development of a parameter-inve

关键词： Snow InSAR QCA Scattering model

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乡村振兴视域下的小流域综合治理

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成都理工大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第3期32卷 22-33页

作者：税永红曹鹤舰周建民成都纺织高等专科学校成都611731 四川省生态文明促进会成都610036

生态清洁的小流域是实现乡村振兴和绿色发展的有效途径之一。乡村振兴战略的提出与实施、小流域治理国内外取得的成效,从理论到实践上为小流域综合治理奠定了基础。小流域综合治理不仅能带动区域经济发展,还能促进农村产业可持续发展及... 详细信息

生态清洁的小流域是实现乡村振兴和绿色发展的有效途径之一。乡村振兴战略的提出与实施、小流域治理国内外取得的成效,从理论到实践上为小流域综合治理奠定了基础。小流域综合治理不仅能带动区域经济发展,还能促进农村产业可持续发展及结构升级,助力乡村振兴。小流域污染治理需要注重多技术组合应用,同时在管理中要结合河长制,将科研、科普与教育有效结合,吸引更多社会力量参与小流域的保护与管理。

关键词：新形势小流域乡村振兴污染治理

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In Situ Measurement of Ammonia Concentration in Soil Headspace Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy

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Pedosphere 2015年第4期25卷 605-612页

作者： DU Changwen WANG Jiao zhou Zijun SHEN Yazhen zhou jianmin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences

Ammonia （NH3） volatilization is one of the important pathways of nitrogen loss in alkaline soil, and the NH3 concentration in soil headspace is directly linked with the NH3 volatilization. Ammonia was characterized by Fourier transform mid-infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy （FTIR-PAS） and two typical absorption bands in the region of 850-1 200 cm-1 were observed, which could be used for the prediction of NH3 concentration in the soil headspaze. An alkaline soil from North China was involved in the soil incubation, pot and field experiments under three fertilization treatments （control without N input （CK）, urea and coated urea）. Ammonia concentrations in the soil headspace were determined in each experiment. In the soil incubation experiment, the NH3 emissions were initiated by the N input, reached the highest concentration on day 2, and decreased to the level as measured in CK after 8 d, with significantly higher NH3 emissions in the urea treatment compared to coated urea treatment, especially during the first 4 d. The NH3 concentration in soil headspace of the pot experiment showed the similar dynamics as that in the incubation experiment; however, the NH3 concentration in the soil headspace in the field experiment demonstrated a significantly different emission pattern with those of the incubation and pot experiments, and there was a 4-d delay for the NH3 concentration. Therefore, the NH3 concentration in the incubation and pot experiments could not be directly used to model the real NH3 emission in the field due to the differences in fertilization method and application rate as well as soil temperature and soil disturbance. It was recommended that light irrigation in the second week after fertilization and involvement of controlled release coated urea could be used to significantly decrease N loss from the perspective of NH3 volatilization. Key Words： ammonia volatilization, cantilevel-type microphone, nitrogen, principal component regression, soil incubation.

关键词： ammonia volatilization cantilevel-type microphone nitrogen principal component regression soil incubation

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Nutrient Composition and Distance from Point Placement to the Plant Affect Rice Growth

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Pedosphere 2018年第1期28卷 124-134页

作者： HU Fengqin WANG Huoyan MOU Pu zhou jianmin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University

Point placement of urea is an efficient technology to improve urea use efficiency in transplanted rice(Oryza sativa L.), but it is largely unknown how nutrient composition in the point placement and the distance from placement site to the plant influence rice root distribution and growth, nutrient uptake, and rice grain yield. A controlled greenhouse experiment was conducted using both N-and P-deficient soil with point placement of N only or N and P together(N + P) at a distance close to or far from the plant,in comparison to an N-spilt application and a no-N control. Both nutrient composition and distance significantly affected rice root growth. Compared with the N point placement, the N + P point placement led to smaller root length and mass densities, higher specific root length(SRL) around the placement site, smaller root system, higher straw mass and grain yield, and higher N and P uptake. The difference between the N + P and N point placements was greater when close to the plant than when far from the plant. It is suggested that higher SRL around the placement site is essential for improving nutrient uptake and rice grain yield, and simultaneous point placement of N and P has a synergistic effect on rice growth.

关键词： N use efficiency nutrient uptake phosphate rice yield root growth urea

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Comparison of potential potassium leaching associated with organic and inorganic potassium sources in different arable soils in China

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Pedosphere 2022年第2期32卷 330-338页

作者： Dianjun LU Yanhong DONG Xiaoqin CHEN Huoyan WANG jianmin zhou State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Soil and Fertilizer Station of Shandong Province Jinan 250100China

Potassium (K) leaching is detrimental to the maintenance of sustainable arable soil K fertility,especially in low-K fixation *** is not known whether the application of inorganic fertilizers with lower K mobility or crop straw can reduce potential K leaching in low-K fixation arable *** potential K leaching of 14 representative arable soils with different K fixation capacities in China was evaluated with or without the addition of K under two rainfall intensities (90 and 225 mm),and then potential K leaching was assessed in relation to five K sources (KCl,K_(2)SO_(4),KH_(2)PO_(4),maize (Zea mays L.) straw,and rice (Oryza sativa L.) straw).Without K addition,K leaching mainly occurred in sandy soils at 90 mm of rainfall and in soils with greater organic matter at225 mm of *** K addition,the leaching percentage of exogenous K ranged from 0.6%to 11.6%at 90 mm of rainfall and 1.2%to 21.2%at 225 mm of *** greatest K leaching occurred in soils with fewer K-bearing minerals and lower pH at both rainfall *** most cases,KH_(2)PO_(4),which has lower K mobility,markedly reduced K leaching in both high-and low-K leaching soils at the two rainfall *** and rice straw reduced K leaching only in soils with high K leaching,regardless of rainfall amount,whereas more K was leached in soils with lower K leaching at high rainfall *** conclusion,KH_(2)PO_(4) and straw should be preferred for reducing K leaching in low-K fixation arable soils.

关键词： crop straw K-bearing mineral K fixation K source soil type

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Calculation methods of the crack width and deformation for concrete beams with high-strength steel bars

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013年第3期7卷 316-324页

作者： jianmin zhou Shuo CHEN Yang CHEN College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Three groups of concrete beams reinforced with high-strength steel bars were tested,and the crack width and deformation of the specimens were observed and *** facilitate the predictions,two simplified formulations according to a theory developed by the first author were *** advantages of the formulations were verified by the test data and compared with several formulas in different codes.

关键词： concrete beam high-strength steel bar crack width deformation

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