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生成式人工智能应用场景下个人信息保护的法律风险及应对

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太原学院学报（社会科学版） 2025年第1期26卷 58-70页

作者：张淇山西财经大学法学院山西太原030006

数据已成为新的产权要素和产业基础,而具备了一定理性能力的生成式人工智能ChatGPT在大数据喂养、人为数据标识处理和信息再输出三个层次对个人信息权益构成了新的侵权范式。尽管《个人信息保护法》《网络安全法》等法律规范已确立起一... 详细信息

数据已成为新的产权要素和产业基础,而具备了一定理性能力的生成式人工智能ChatGPT在大数据喂养、人为数据标识处理和信息再输出三个层次对个人信息权益构成了新的侵权范式。尽管《个人信息保护法》《网络安全法》等法律规范已确立起一系列个人信息保护手段,但在生成式人工智能服务与应用端仍面临着解释和适用上的难题。为此,我国需要在保障个人信息权益的前提下鼓励发展人工智能技术——在总体上要树立起基于风险的个人信息保护原则,并尝试以“风险预知—解构—化解”为基本路径,在微观上优化“知情-同意”规则,以“设计保护”原则强化企业内部自治,并灵活调整侵权责任追究机制。

关键词：《个人信息保护法》 ChatGPT 生成式人工智能风险控制

Single-cell technologies: current and near future

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 1-4页

作者： Chenfei Wang qi Liu Xiaohui Fan Tieliu Shi Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration Ministry of EducationOrthopedics DepartmentTongji HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Research Institute of Intelligent Computing Zhejiang Lab Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang University Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biologythe Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal University Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science (MOE) School of StatisticsEast China Normal University

Single-cell technologies enable the indepth exploration of multiple biological hierarchies at the scale of individual cells,which have deepened our knowledge of cellular diversity, tissue organization, and overall organism function(Sun et al.,2024). In 2009, single-cell RNA sequencing(sc RNA-seq) was first developed as a powerful tool to dissect gene expression and uncover transcriptional *** the rapid advancement of technology, single-cell approaches have expanded to encompass other omics, such as genomics, epigenomics, proteomics,and metabolomics.

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Spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of vegetation water use efficiency on the Tibetan Plateau in 2001–2020

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2025年第1期 39-64页

作者： HE Chenyang WANG Yanjiao YAN Feng LU qi School of Ecological and Environmental Science East China Normal University Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration Chinese Academy of Forestry National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration

Water use efficiency （WUE）,as a pivotal indicator of the coupling degree within the carbon–water cycle of ecosystems,holds considerable importance in assessment of the carbon–water balance within terrestrial ***,in the context of global warming,WUE evolution and its primary drivers on the Tibetan Plateau remain *** study employed the ensemble empirical mode decomposition method and the random forest algorithm to decipher the nonlinear trends and drivers of WUE on the Tibetan Plateau in 2001–*** indicated an annual mean WUE of 0.8088 gC/mm·m2across the plateau,with a spatial gradient reflecting decrease from the southeast toward the *** manifesting monotonous trends of increase or decrease in WUE accounted for 23.64%and 9.69%of the total,***,66.67%of the region exhibited trend reversals,i.e.,39.94%of the area of the Tibetan Plateau showed transition from a trend of increase to a trend of decrease,and 26.73%of the area demonstrated a shift from a trend of decrease to a trend of *** factors accounted for 70.79%of the variability in *** leaf area index and temperature served as the major driving forces of WUE variation.

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矿井提升系统常见故障类型分析与诊断技术研究

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煤矿现代化 2025年第1期34卷 148-152页

作者：邢琪晋能控股煤业集团同忻煤矿山西有限公司山西大同037000

针对矿井提升系统故障形式复杂、故障类型多样、传统故障诊断结果不准确等问题,本文对矿井提升系统常见故障类型和特征进行分析,指出了矿井提升机常见电动机故障、齿轮箱故障和减速机故障的原因和故障主要特征,确定了不同故障异常特征... 详细信息

针对矿井提升系统故障形式复杂、故障类型多样、传统故障诊断结果不准确等问题,本文对矿井提升系统常见故障类型和特征进行分析,指出了矿井提升机常见电动机故障、齿轮箱故障和减速机故障的原因和故障主要特征,确定了不同故障异常特征检测点的位置。建立了矿井提升机多维数据融合故障智能诊断系统,以现场实际应用的立式缠绕式双滚筒提升系统进行案例分析,在对应的部位安装传感器采集异常特征,对异常进行可视化分析,不同的故障类型得到振动曲线不同,通过对异常振动曲线可以判断提升系统故障类型。现场试验表明采集到的异常分析过程仅用时1.43 s,异常识别准确率高达98.4%,取得了满意的试验结果.

关键词：矿井提升系统可视化故障诊断远程运维

Chondroitinase ABC combined with Schwann cell transplantation enhances restoration of neural connection and functional recovery following acute and chronic spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1467-1482页

作者： Wenrui Qu Xiangbing Wu Wei Wu Ying Wang Yan Sun Lingxiao Deng Melissa Walker Chen Chen Heqiao Dai qi Han Ying Ding Yongzhi Xia George Smith Rui Li Nai-Kui Liu Xiao-Ming Xu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Hand Surgery the Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Anatomy&Cell Biology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

Schwann cell transplantation is considered one of the most promising cell-based therapy to repair injured spinal cord due to its unique growth-promoting and myelin-forming properties.A the Food and Drug Administration-approved Phase I clinical trial has been conducted to evaluate the safety of transplanted human autologous Schwann cells to treat patients with spinal cord injury.A major challenge for Schwann cell transplantation is that grafted Schwann cells are confined within the lesion cavity,and they do not migrate into the host environment due to the inhibitory barrier formed by injury-induced glial scar,thus limiting axonal reentry into the host spinal *** we introduce a combinatorial strategy by suppressing the inhibitory extracellular environment with injection of lentivirus-mediated transfection of chondroitinase ABC gene at the rostral and caudal borders of the lesion site and simultaneously leveraging the repair capacity of transplanted Schwann cells in adult rats following a mid-thoracic contusive spinal cord *** report that when the glial scar was degraded by chondroitinase ABC at the rostral and caudal lesion borders,Schwann cells migrated for considerable distances in both rostral and caudal *** Schwann cell migration led to enhanced axonal regrowth,including the serotonergic and dopaminergic axons originating from supraspinal regions,and promoted recovery of locomotor and urinary bladder ***,the Schwann cell survival and axonal regrowth persisted up to 6 months after the injury,even when treatment was delayed for 3 months to mimic chronic spinal cord *** findings collectively show promising evidence for a combinatorial strategy with chondroitinase ABC and Schwann cells in promoting remodeling and recovery of function following spinal cord injury.

关键词： axonal regrowth bladder function chondroitinase ABC functional recovery glial scar lentivirus migration Schwann cell spinal cord injury transplantation

Maintaining moderate levels of hypochlorous acid promotes neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the recovery phase of stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 845-857页

作者： Lin-Yan Huang Yi-De Zhang Jie Chen Hai-Di Fan Wan Wang Bin Wang Ju-Yun Ma Peng-Peng Li Hai-Wei Pu Xin-Yian Guo Jian-Gang Shen Su-Hua qi School of Medical Technology Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory DiagnosticsXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Medicine Branch Hospital of Huai’an First People’s HospitalHuai’anJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Medicine the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Chinese Medicine The University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

It has been shown clinically that continuous removal of ischemia/reperfusion-induced reactive oxygen species is not conducive to the recovery of late ***,previous studies have shown that excessive increases in hypochlorous acid after stroke can cause severe damage to brain *** previous studies have found that a small amount of hypochlorous acid still exists in the later stage of stroke,but its specific role and mechanism are currently *** simulate stroke in vivo,a middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model was established,with an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model established in vitro to mimic *** found that in the early stage(within 24 hours)of ischemic stroke,neutrophils produced a large amount of hypochlorous acid,while in the recovery phase(10 days after stroke),microglia were activated and produced a small amount of hypochlorous ***,in acute stroke in rats,hypochlorous acid production was prevented using a hypochlorous acid scavenger,taurine,or myeloperoxidase inhibitor,4-aminobenzoic acid *** results showed that high levels of hypochlorous acid(200μM)induced neuronal apoptosis after oxygen/glucose deprivation/***,in the recovery phase of the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,a moderate level of hypochlorous acid promoted the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons and *** suggests that hypochlorous acid plays different roles at different phases of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** levels of hypochlorous acid(5 and 100μM)promoted nuclear translocation ofβ-*** transfection of single-site mutation plasmids,we found that hypochlorous acid induced chlorination of theβ-catenin tyrosine 30 residue,which promoted nuclear ***,our study indicates that maintaining low levels of hypochlorous acid plays a key role in the recovery of neurological function.

关键词： cell differentiation cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury chlorination hypochlorous acid microglia neural stem cell neurogenesis nuclear translocation stroke β-catenin

Study of thermal decoherence of harmonic oscillators

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第5期42卷 108-114页

作者： LI Jian ZHOU Gao-Liang YAN Zheng-Xin LIU Wei WANG Zhao-qi College of Science Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China

The thermal decoherence of harmonic oscillators is investigated *** quantum system presented here is a one-dimensional oscillator with angular frequency,which is surrounded by a thermal bath of environmental *** are various environmental oscillators with different angular frequency(below an ultraviolet cutoff).At the beginning,the quantum system is a pure state and the environmental oscillators are in thermodynamic equilibrium with *** a period,the system-environment interactions inspire significant decoherence of the quantum *** decoherence is displayed by explicit calculations of the purity and von Neumann entropy of the quantum *** is worth noting that the decoherence could be significant even in the weak coupling and low temperature case due to the large amount of environmental degrees of *** the decoherence process is inspired between the quantum system and an ordinary thermal environment here,the thermal decoherence result is quite general.

关键词： Quantum decoherence Grand canonical ensemble Oscillators

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一种新型压配式腰椎椎间融合器的机械性能

中国组织工程研究 2025年第21期29卷 4492-4498页

作者：李世文于长水刘启王智博刘禹良祁全哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院黑龙江省哈尔滨市150000

背景:行经皮微创椎间孔腰椎椎间融合置入椎间融合器时,由于入路操作范围狭窄,有牵拉神经根损伤或置入融合器位置不良等风险,为了解决以上问题作者课题组发明了一种新型机械结构可变形压配式cage(Press-fit cage,YP-cage)。目的:对新型... 详细信息

背景:行经皮微创椎间孔腰椎椎间融合置入椎间融合器时,由于入路操作范围狭窄,有牵拉神经根损伤或置入融合器位置不良等风险,为了解决以上问题作者课题组发明了一种新型机械结构可变形压配式cage(Press-fit cage,YP-cage)。目的:对新型腰椎融合器YP-cage的机械强度特性进行初步评估。方法:对不同尺寸9,11,13 mm高度的新型YP-cage(n=9)和聚醚醚酮-cage(n=9)进行了静态轴向压缩实验和静态轴向扭转实验,分别采集力-位移曲线计算屈服位移及载荷、极限载荷位移及刚度,屈服角位移及扭矩、极限载荷角位移扭矩及刚度,并进行对比分析。结果与结论:(1)在静态轴向压缩测试中,YP-cage在3组测试中(9,11,13 mm),其刚度、屈服载荷、极限位移和载荷极限方面均优于聚醚醚酮-cage(P <0.01),但YP-cage的屈服位移小于聚醚醚酮-cage(P <0.05);(2)在静态扭转测试中,除了9 mm组的YP-cage和聚醚醚酮-cage在极限扭转角度上差异无显著性意义,YP-cage在屈服扭矩、屈服扭转角度及极限扭矩均小于聚醚醚酮-cage(P <0.01),而YP-cage扭转刚度在9 mm组和11 mm组大于聚醚醚酮-ccage(P <0.01);(3)结果表明新型压配式机械结构椎间融合器相较于聚醚醚酮材质cage具有更高的抗压强度,但抗扭强度不如聚醚醚酮-cage。

关键词：椎间融合装置经孔椎体间融合术脊柱融合机械性能物理性质

弹目交会条件下爆炸驱动结构体的展开过程研究

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高压物理学报 2025年第1期39卷 1-16页

作者：宁建国汪齐栗建桥北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室北京100081

复杂结构在爆炸驱动作用下的展开是展开型定向战斗部定向过程中的关键问题,对展开过程进行有效控制,有利于战斗部的起爆延时控制和破片利用率提高。针对复杂结构体的展开问题,基于JWL状态方程和第二类拉格朗日方程,从能量守恒出发推导... 详细信息

复杂结构在爆炸驱动作用下的展开是展开型定向战斗部定向过程中的关键问题,对展开过程进行有效控制,有利于战斗部的起爆延时控制和破片利用率提高。针对复杂结构体的展开问题,基于JWL状态方程和第二类拉格朗日方程,从能量守恒出发推导了考虑爆轰产物膨胀过程和对目标命中状态的爆炸驱动展开模型。将驱动展开模型计算结果与文献实验结果进行对比,验证了爆炸驱动展开模型计算结果的准确性。结果表明,基于该模型的理论计算结果与实验结果的一致性较好,能较为精确地预测不同装药量下结构的展开时间;将辅助装药1与辅助装药2的质量比控制在1.5~1.7,结构体展开可达最佳命中姿态,更有利于命中目标。研究成果可充实定向战斗部设计理论,为展开型定向战斗部的设计提供参考。

关键词：爆炸驱动展开姿态展开时间辅助装药定向战斗部

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