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我国农村人居环境治理政策的变迁路径及其动力机制——基于间断—均衡理论的解释

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南华大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第1期25卷 77-87页

作者：阳剑兰陈凌南华大学经济管理与法学学院湖南衡阳421001

为明晰我国农村人居环境治理政策的变迁路径与内在逻辑,文章以1949至2022年中央层面颁布的194份政策文本为数据基础,运用间断—均衡理论模型并辅之以政策文献计量方法,将农村人居环境治理政策变迁划分为3个均衡期和2个间断期,剖析政策... 详细信息

为明晰我国农村人居环境治理政策的变迁路径与内在逻辑,文章以1949至2022年中央层面颁布的194份政策文本为数据基础,运用间断—均衡理论模型并辅之以政策文献计量方法,将农村人居环境治理政策变迁划分为3个均衡期和2个间断期,剖析政策变迁的动力因素。研究发现:我国农村人居环境治理政策经历了群众健康安全保障→基本生活条件改善→村容整洁→美丽宜居乡村建设的变迁。在中央决策主体注意力转移自上而下推动与焦点事件自下而上驱动共同作用下诱发政策图景变革和政策场域开放,环境治理与经济发展辩证关系的转变也对政策变迁起到重要作用,集中显现为均衡调适与突变革新相交替的非线性演进逻辑。研究验证了间断—均衡理论对我国农村人居环境治理政策研究的适用性和本土化路径,并对未来农村人居环境治理政策发展提出展望。

关键词：农村人居环境治理政策变迁间断均衡理论动力机制

基于多尺度边缘分割与混合注意力机制的脊柱CT图像分割

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中国医学物理学杂志 2024年第4期41卷 463-471页

作者：刘晶徐皓崔欣欣田振宇杨建兰甘肃中医药大学信息工程学院甘肃兰州730000 泉州市正骨医院福建泉州362019

脊柱疾病的前期主要通过计算机断层扫描技术进行筛查与初步判断。为解决脊柱CT图像目前存在的椎骨结构复杂、分割精度不足等问题,提出一种基于3D U-Net框架的脊柱CT图像改进分割网络,通过融合SE残差单元、椎骨边缘分割模型与改进混合通... 详细信息

脊柱疾病的前期主要通过计算机断层扫描技术进行筛查与初步判断。为解决脊柱CT图像目前存在的椎骨结构复杂、分割精度不足等问题,提出一种基于3D U-Net框架的脊柱CT图像改进分割网络,通过融合SE残差单元、椎骨边缘分割模型与改进混合通道-空间注意力机制,在VerSe 19、VerSe 20与CTSpine1K脊柱数据集上进行分割训练与测试。多次测试实验结果表明,本文模型在保证分割精度和分割效率有效提高的同时具有较好的泛化性与鲁棒性,在Dice相似系数、豪斯多夫距离与平均表面距离上相较于其他先进网络分割精度更高。本文模型在现有脊柱分割的网络中具有更强的分割性能,可为放射科医生提供有效临床信息。

关键词：脊柱分割 3D U-Net 椎骨边缘分割混合注意力机制

Effect of curcumin on nitric oxide synthase expression in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia cells and the anti-oxidative effect of curcumin

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Neural Regeneration Research 2007年第12期2卷 709-712页

作者： jianlan Gu Kaiyan yang Jiangyong yang Jianhua Shi Department of Biochemistry Medical College of Nantong University Nantong 226001 Jiangsu Province China

BACKGROUND： It has been demonstrated that curcumin can increase the activities of various anti-oxidase in blood and tissue, effectively eliminate various free radicals, reduce the production of peroxisome, and alleviate oxidative stress reaction. Whether it has the same effect on microglia？ OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of curcumin on the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）, nuclear factor- κ B （NF- κ B）, and superoxide dismutase （SOD） in microglial cell line BV stimulated by lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. DESIGN： An observational comparative study. SETTING： Research Room of Biochemistry, Medical College of Nantong University. MATERIALS： Mice microglia cell line BV, iNOS and NF- κ B reporter gene plasmids were presented by Dr. Bhat.NR. from the Medical University of South Carolina （USA）. Curcumin was produced by the Xi＇an Branch of China Chengdu Scholar Bio-Tech. Co.,Ltd.; LPS （E.Coli O26：B6）, anti-mice iNOS monoclonal antibody, horseradish peroxidase labeled goat-anti-mice IgG were the products of Sigma Company （USA）. METHODS： The experiments were carried out in the Research Room of Biochemistry, Medical College of Nantong University from May 2006 to April 2007. （1） Detection of iNOS： The cells were seeded onto 24-well plate at the density of 1 × 10^5, After the cells had adhered to the cover glasses, the cells were grouped as negative control group （the primary antibody was replaced by phosphate buffered solution PBS）; normal control group （the cells were normally cultured）; LPS-treated group （the cells were treated with LPS for 24 hours）; curcumin＋LPS group （the cells were treated with curcumin for 1 hour and LPS for 24 hours）. The expressions of iNOS protein were detected with immunocytochemical staining. （2） Determination of iNOS and NF- κ B gene activities： According to the introduction of the kit for transfection, iNOS or NF- κ B report gene plasmids were transiently transfected with Lipofectaminer^TM2000 liposomes into the cells in the 24-well plate for 24 hours. The cells were

关键词： curcumin inducible nitric oxide synthase microglia

GC-MS结合电子鼻、电子舌分析6种糖炒燕山板栗的风味成分

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食品工业科技 2024年第2期45卷 269-279页

作者：杨银梁建兰河北科技师范学院食品科技学院河北秦皇岛066600 板栗产业技术教育部工程研究中心河北秦皇岛066600 河北省板栗产业协同创新中心河北秦皇岛066600

为了研究6种糖炒燕山板栗香气的构成特点及品种间滋味和气味上的差异。以6种糖炒板栗为原料,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用(Headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS)技术及气味活性值(Odor activity value,OAV)法分析6种糖炒板栗的挥发性风味成分和关键香气化合物,并结合电子鼻和电子舌对其挥发性气味成分和滋味进行分析。结果表明,通过GC-MS技术从6种糖炒板栗的挥发性成分中共检测出57种化合物,其中酯类19种,醇类12种,醛类5种,酮类5种,烯烃类4种,苯环类4种,胺类2种,其他类6种;其中23个OAV>1的成分被确定为糖炒板栗的关键香气成分。电子鼻评价结果显示6种糖炒板栗的主要挥发性气味成分为醇类、醛酮类、氮氧化合物、有机硫化物、无机硫化物以及甲基类几种。电子舌评价结果显示6种糖炒板栗在各项味觉指标上整体较为相似,其中丰富性和鲜味传感器对不同糖炒板栗的响应值最大,酸味和涩味最小,丰富性、鲜味、甜味、咸味、苦味、苦味回味6个指标为糖炒板栗的主要味觉指标。6种糖炒板栗的挥发性风味成分和含量都存在一定的差异,即不同品种糖炒板栗中的挥发性风味成分不同,且同种化合物在不同品种间的含量也有区别。通过主成分分析(Principal component analysis,PCA)、雷达色谱图分析、GC-MS技术结合电子鼻/电子舌可较好的区分不同品种糖炒板栗风味的差异,并确定其关键香气成分,为不同糖炒板栗的风味研究提供理论依据。

关键词：燕山板栗气相色谱-质谱联用电子鼻电子舌风味

“Einstein Probe”Mission Holds New Promise in Time-domain Astronomy

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Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2024年第1期38卷 8-10页

作者： SONG jianlan 不详

Einstein Probe,an astronomical satellite designed for X-ray observation on astronomical events drastically evolving over time,was successfully sent into preset orbit by a Long March 2C rocket from China’s Xichang Sat... 详细信息

关键词： Probe Promise Mission

CAS Highlighted in Annual Top 10 Science Advances for 2023 of China

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Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2024年第1期38卷 11-19页

作者： YAN Fusheng SONG jianlan 不详

Highlighting progress in life sciences and human health,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC),releases the well-anticipated 2023 Annual Top 10 Science Advances of China on February 29,2024.

关键词： NSFC lighting release

Determination of molecular energies via variational-based quantum imaginary time evolution in a superconducting qubit system

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 1-11页

作者： Zhiwen Zong Sainan Huai Tianqi Cai Wenyan Jin Ze Zhan Zhenxing Zhang Kunliang Bu Liyang Sui Ying Fei Yicong Zheng Shengyu Zhang jianlan Wu Yi Yin Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device School of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Tencent Quantum Laboratory Shenzhen 518057China

As a valid tool for solving ground state problems,imaginary time evolution(ITE)is widely used in physical and chemical simulations.Different ITE-based algorithms in their quantum counterpart have recently been proposed and applied to some real systems.We experimentally realize the variational-based quantum imaginary time evolution(QITE)algorithm to simulate the ground state energy of hydrogen(H_2)and lithium hydride(Li H)molecules in a superconducting qubit system.The H_2 molecule is directly simulated using the 3-qubit circuit with unitary-coupled clusters(UCC)ansatz.We also combine QITE with the cluster mean-field(CMF)method to obtain an effective Hamiltonian.The Li H molecule is correspondingly simulated using the 3-qubit circuit with hardware-efficient ansatz.For comparison,the Li H molecule is also directly simulated using the 4-qubit circuit with UCC ansatz at the equilibrium point.All the experimental results show a convergence within 4 iterations,with high-fidelity ground state energy obtained.For a more complex system in the future,the CMF may allow further grouping of interactions to obtain an effective Hamiltonian,then the hybrid QITE algorithm can possibly simulate a relatively large-scale system with fewer qubits.

关键词： quantum computation quantum algorithm superconducting qubit

Selective nano-buckling improves the performance of graphene logic transistors

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 95-96页

作者： Tong yang Ming yang Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Research Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

The massive integration of silicon-based transistors into modern electronic devices greatly increases power consumption and heat generation/dissipation[1]. In this concern, transistors based on atomically-thin graphene that exhibit high electric and thermoelectric conductivities with negligible contact resistance,

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Deep Insight of Design,Mechanism,and Cancer Theranostic Strategy of Nanozymes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 165-217页

作者： Lu yang Shuming Dong Shili Gai Dan yang He Ding Lili Feng Guixin yang Ziaur Rehman Piaoping yang Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China Yantai Research Institute Harbin Engineering UniversityYantai 264000People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Technology of Heilongjiang Province College of Material Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan

Since the discovery of enzyme-like activity of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in 2007,nanozymes are becoming the promising substitutes for natural enzymes due to their advantages of high catalytic activity,low cost,mild reaction conditions,good stability,and suitable for large-scale production.Recently,with the cross fusion of nanomedicine and nanocatalysis,nanozyme-based theranostic strategies attract great attention,since the enzymatic reactions can be triggered in the tumor microenvironment to achieve good curative effect with substrate specificity and low side effects.Thus,various nanozymes have been developed and used for tumor therapy.In this review,more than 270 research articles are discussed systematically to present progress in the past five years.First,the discovery and development of nanozymes are summarized.Second,classification and catalytic mechanism of nanozymes are discussed.Third,activity prediction and rational design of nanozymes are focused by highlighting the methods of density functional theory,machine learning,biomimetic and chemical design.Then,synergistic theranostic strategy of nanozymes are introduced.Finally,current challenges and future prospects of nanozymes used for tumor theranostic are outlined,including selectivity,biosafety,repeatability and stability,in-depth catalytic mechanism,predicting and evaluating activities.

关键词： Nanozymes Classification Prediction and design Catalytic mechanism Tumor theranostics