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A review on plasmonic enhancement of activity and selectivity in electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第4期18卷 399-417页

作者： jing XUE Zhenlin CHEN Yuchao ZHANG Jincai ZHAO Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Utilizing plasmonic effects to assist electrochemical reactions exhibits a huge potential in tuning the reaction activities and product selectivity,which is most appealing especially in chemical reactions with multiple products,such as CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).However,a comprehensive review of the development and the underlying mechanisms in plasmon-assisted electrocatalytic CO_(2)RR remains few and far ***,the fundamentals of localized surface plasmonic resonance(LSPR)excitation and the properties of typical plasmonic metals(including Au,Ag,and Cu)are ***,the potential mechanisms of plasmonic effects(such as hot carrier effects and photothermal effects)on the reaction performance in the field of plasmon-assisted electrocatalytic CO_(2)RR are summarized,which provides directions for the future development of this *** is concluded that plasmonic catalysts exhibit potential capabilities in enhancing CO_(2)RR while more in situ techniques are essential to further clarify the inner mechanisms.

关键词： localized surface plasmonic resonance(LSPR)effect plasmonic metals CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) hot carrier effect photothermal effect

How the enhanced East Asian summer monsoon regulates total gross primary production in eastern China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 244-252页

作者： Ming-Yu HAN Yong ZHANG jing PENG China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China China Meteorological Administration Institute for Development and Programme Design Beijing 100081China CAS Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100029China

Recognizing the relationship between gross primary production(GPP)and precipitation in eastern China,the East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM)plays a crucial role in shaping *** confirmation of the strong link between EASM and GPP,there remains a notable research gap in understanding the specific impact of the EASM on GPP in different regions of eastern *** we used simulations from Trends in Net Land-Atmosphere Carbon Exchanges(TRENDY)models from 1951 to 2010 and divided eastern China into five subregions for the *** also used the New East Asian Summer Monsoon Index(NEWI)as a quantitative metric to distinguish between periods of strong and weak *** on this,this study aims to investigate the response of GPP in different subregions of eastern ***,under strengthened EASM years(1954,1957,1965,1969,1977,1980,1983,1987,1993 and 1998),East China experienced the most pronounced increase in GPP at 12±21(mean±1 sigma)gC m^(-2) mon^(-1) compared to the weak EASM years(1958,1961,1972,1973,1978,1981,1985,1994,1997 and 2004).In contrast,Southwest China showed a decline in GPP at-4±10 gC m^(-2) mon^(-1).Moreover,GPP also increased in Northeast and North China when EASM strengthened,while South China showed a decline in *** indicated that GPP changed with monsoon *** to the mechanism analysis,during strong EASM,there was intense moisture convergence through alterations in the atmospheric circulation field over East China and abundant precipitation,which further contributed to the increase in *** solar radiation in Southwest China decreased with EASM enhancement,which suppressed GPP and hindered vegetation ***,the results highlight the importance of accurately predicting the impact of different EASM intensities of regional carbon fluxes.

关键词： Gross primary production Surface air temperature Precipitation Solar radiation Eastern China Carbon cycle

Lorentz violation induces isospectrality breaking in Einstein-bumblebee gravity theory

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第8期67卷 87-96页

作者： Wentao Liu Xiongjun Fang Jiliang jing Jieci Wang Department of Physics Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of EducationSynergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China

In this study,we investigate the quasinormal modes(QNMs)of a Lorentz-violating spacetime,factoring in a cosmological constant,within the framework of Einstein-bumblebee *** findings reveal that the interaction of spacetime with an anisotropic bumblebee field imparts distinct contributions to the axial and polar sectors of the vector *** subsequently breaks the isospectrality typically observed in vector *** evidence strongly indicates isospectral breaking in the vector modes of Einstein-bumblebee black holes:a pronounced breakage in the real part of the frequencies,while the imaginary component seems less *** isospectral breaking indicates the existence of two different waveforms in the Ringdown phase of the black hole,which provides a potential signal of quantum gravity observable in current experiments.

关键词： Lorentz-violating isospectral breaking quasinormal modes

Transitional Revenue Scheme for High-cost Generator Unit in Guangdong Electricity Market Based on Government Authorized Contracts

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 208-221页

作者： Jisong Zhu Baike Chen Tianyao Ji Zhaoxia jing School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

High-cost generator units are at a cost disadvantage in electricity spot *** study focuses on revenue mechanisms of gas-fired units affected by power market reform in Guangdong province,*** the first time,we compare impacts on market indicators of five settlement mechanisms:feed-in tariff(FiT),location marginal price(LMP),contract for difference(CFD),direct subsidy(DS),and estimated revenue method(ERM).In particular,we design key parameters,including authorized CFD and ERM of two kinds of government authorized contracts based on traditional dispatching patterns to avoid significant profit fluctuations brought by market *** also analyze impact of factors such as climbing performance,seasonal load,and subsidy amount on the overall market and its *** of a case study show to directly subsidize gasfired units will lead higher-cost units to generate more electricity,with a resulting loss of social *** of market prices and provision of unreasonable incentives are fatal disadvantages of this subsidy *** government and policymakers should consider financial means to adjust benefits to reduce production costs and increase social ***,by case analysis,the ERM shows its stable performance in revenue of high-cost units,while we find that authorized CFD is not applicable for gas-fired units whose output is unstable as a marginal unit ***,we suggest government agencies adopt ERM to sign contracts with gas-fired units,to attain a balance between fairness and efficiency.

关键词： Guangdong electricity market high-cost generator unit settlement mechanism subsidy

Polystyrene microplastics disrupted physical barriers, microbiota composition and immune responses in the cecum of developmental Japanese quails

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 225-235页

作者： Lingyang jing Yuxin Zhang Qingyu Zhang Hongfeng Zhao College of Life Sciences Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China

Microplastics,a new type of emerging pollutant,is ubiquitous in terrestrial and water *** have become a growing concern due to their impacts on the environment,animal,and human *** also suffer from microplastics *** this study,we examined the toxic effects of polystyrene microplastics(PS-MPs)exposure on physical barrier,microbial community,and immune function in the cecum of a model bird species—Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica).The one-week-old birds were fed on environmentally relevant concentrations of 20μg/kg,400μg/kg,and 8 mg/kg PS-MPs in the diet for 5 *** results showed that microplastics could cause microstructural damages characterized by lamina propria damage and epithelial cell vacuolation and ultrastructural injuries including microvilli breakage and disarrangement aswell asmitochondrial vacuolation in the cecum of *** particular,blurry tight junctions,wider desmosomes spacing,and gene expression alteration indicated cecal tight junction ***,mucous layer breakdown andmucin decrease indicated that chemical barrier was disturbed by ***-MPs also changed cecal microbial *** addition,structural deformation of cecal tonsils and increasing proinflammatory cytokines suggested cecal immune disorder and inflammation responses by PS-MPs *** results suggested that microplastics negatively affected digestive system and might pose great health risks to terrestrial birds.

关键词： Microplastics Gut barrier Histology Inflammation Immunity Oxidative stress

Endoscopic detection and diagnostic strategies for minute gastric cancer:A real-world observational study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第8期16卷 3529-3538页

作者： Xiao-Wei Ji Jie Lin Yan-Ting Wang jing-jing Ruan jing-Hong Xu Kai Song Jian-Shan Mao Department of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Pathology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Minute gastric cancers(MGCs)have a favorable prognosis,but they are too small to be detected by endoscopy,with a maximum diameter≤5 *** To explore endoscopic detection and diagnostic strategies for *** This was a real-world observational *** endoscopic and clinicopathological parameters of 191 MGCs between January 2015 and December 2022 were retrospectively *** discoverable opportunity and typical neoplastic features were emphatically *** All MGCs in our study were of a single pathological type,97.38%(186/191)of which were differentiated-type *** light endoscopy(WLE)detected 84.29%(161/191)of MGCs,and the most common morphology of MGCs found by WLE was ***-band imaging(NBI)secondary observation detected 14.14%(27/191)of MGCs,and the most common morphology of MGCs found by NBI was *** three MGCs were detected by indigo carmine third *** a well-demarcated border lesion exhibited a typical neoplastic color,such as yellowish-red or whitish under WLE and brownish under NBI,MGCs should be *** proportion with high diagnostic confidence by magnifying endoscopy with NBI(ME-NBI)was significantly higher than the proportion with low diagnostic confidence and the only visible groups(94.19%>56.92%>32.50%,P<0.001).CONCLUSION WLE combined with NBI and indigo carmine are helpful for detection of MGCs.A clear demarcation line combined with a typical neoplastic color using nonmagnifying observation is sufficient for diagnosis of *** improves the endoscopic diagnostic confidence of MGCs.

关键词： Minute gastric cancer White light endoscopy Narrow-band imaging endoscopy Indigo carmine Magnifying endoscopy Detection Diagnosis

Study of the pressure transient behavior of directional wells considering the effect of non-uniform flux distribution

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1765-1779页

作者： Yan-Zhong Liang Bai-Lu Teng Wan-jing Luo School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China

During the production,the fluid in the vicinity of the directional well enters the wellbore with different rates,leading to non-uniform flux distribution along the directional ***,in all existing studies,it is oversimplified to a uniform flux distribution,which can result in inaccurate results for field ***,this paper proposes a semi-analytical model of a directional well based on the assumption of non-uniform flux ***,the direction well is discretized into a carefully chosen series of linear sources,such that the complex well trajectory can be captured and the nonuniform flux distribution along the wellbore can be considered to model the three-dimensional flow *** using the finite difference method,we can obtain the numerical solutions of the transient flow within the *** the aid of Green's function method,we can obtain the analytical solutions of the transient flow from the matrix to the *** complete flow behavior of a directional well is perfectly represented by coupling the above two types of transient ***,on the basis of the proposed model,we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the pressure transient behavior of a directional *** computation results show that the flux variation along the direction well has a significant effect on pressure *** addition,the directional well in an infinite reservoir may exhibit the following flow regimes:wellbore afterflow,transition flow,inclined radial flow,elliptical flow,horizontal linear flow,and horizontal radial *** horizontal linear flow can be observed only if the formation thickness is much smaller than the well ***,a dip region that appears on the pressure derivative curve indicates the three-dimensional flow behavior near the wellbore.

关键词： Directional well Pressure transient behavior Semi-analytical model Non-uniform flux

The clinical antiprotozoal drug nitazoxanide and its metabolite tizoxanide extend Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan and healthspan

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 3266-3280页

作者： Wenfeng Li Shuming Chen jing Lang jing Luo Jiahui Chen Liping Zhang Zhijie Sun Deli Dong Department of Pharmacology China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China

The drugs extending healthspan in clinic have always been *** is an FDA-approved clinical antiprotozoal *** is rapidly metabolized to tizoxanide after absorption in *** previous studies find that nitazoxanide and its metabolite tizoxanide induce mild mitochondrial uncoupling and activate cellular AMPK,oral nitazoxanide protects against experimental hyperlipidemia,hepatic steatosis,and ***,we demonstrate that both nitazoxanide and tizoxanide extend the lifespan and healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans through Akt/AMPK/sir 2.1/daf16 ***,both nitazoxanide and tizoxanide improve high glucose-induced shortening of *** *** has been a clinical drug with a good safety profile,we suggest that it is a novel anti-aging drug.

关键词： Nitazoxanide Tizoxanide C.elegans Healthspan Lifespan AMPK Akt Mitochondrial uncoupling

Chromosome-scale genomes of Quercus sichourensis and Quercus rex provide insights into the evolution and adaptation of Fagaceae

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第5期51卷 554-565页

作者： Xue Liu Weixiong Zhang Yongting Zhang jing Yang Peng Zeng Zunzhe Tian Weibang Sun jing Cai Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection School of Ecology and EnvironmentNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anShaanxi 710072China Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China

The Fagaceae,a plant family with a wide distribution and diverse adaptability,has garnered significant interest as a subject of study in plant speciation and ***,certain Fagaceae species are regarded as highly valuable wood resources due to the exceptional quality of their *** this study,we present two high-quality,chromosome-scale genome sequences for Quercus sichourensis(848.75 Mb)and Quercus rex(883.46 Mb).Comparative genomics analysis reveals that the difference in the number of plant disease resistance genes and the nonsynonymous and synonymous substitution ratio(Ka/Ks)of protein-coding genes among Fagaceae species are related to different environmental ***,most genes related to starch synthesis in the investigated Quercoideae species are located on a single chromosome,as compared to the outgroup species,Fagus ***,resequencing and population analysis of *** and *** reveal that *** has lower genetic diversity and higher deleterious mutations compared to *** high-quality,chromosome-level genomes and the population genomic analysis of the critically endangered *** and *** will provide an invaluable resource as well as insights for future study in these two species,even the genus Quercus,to facilitate their conservation.

关键词： Adaptation Quercus sichourensis Quercusrex Chromosome-scale genome assembly Tandem duplication genes Extremely small populations