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Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Rainfall over Different Terrain Features in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin during the Warm Seasons of 2016–20

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 915-936页

作者： Qian WEI jianhua sun Shenming FU Yuanchun ZHANG Xiaofang WANG Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms(LACS) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences(IAP/CAS)Beijing 100029China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029China International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Hubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rian Monitoring and Warning Research Institute of Heavy RainChina Meteorological Administration(CMA)Wuhan 430205China

Based on hourly rain gauge data during May–September of 2016–20,we analyze the spatiotemporal distributions of total rainfall(TR)and short-duration heavy rainfall(SDHR;hourly rainfall≥20 mm)and their diurnal variations over the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin.For all three types of terrain(i.e.,mountain,foothill,and plain),the amount of TR and SDHR both maximize in June/July,and the contribution of SDHR to TR(CST)peaks in August(amount:23%;frequency:1.74%).Foothill rainfall is characterized by a high TR amount and a high CST(in amount);mountain rainfall is characterized by a high TR frequency but a small CST(in amount);and plain rainfall shows a low TR amount and frequency,but a high CST(in amount).Overall,stations with high TR(amount and frequency)are mainly located over the mountains and in the foothills,while those with high SDHR(amount and frequency)are mainly concentrated in the foothills and plains close to mountainous areas.For all three types of terrain,the diurnal variations of both TR and SDHR exhibit a double peak(weak early morning and strong late afternoon)and a phase shift from the early-morning peak to the late-afternoon peak from May to August.Around the late-afternoon peak,the amount of TR and SDHR in the foothills is larger than over the mountains and plains.The TR intensity in the foothills increases significantly from midnight to afternoon,suggesting that thermal instability may play an important role in this process.

关键词： short duration heavy rainfall diurnal variation foothill rainfall

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Association between ICU quality and in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients—the ECMO quality improvement action(EQIA)study:a national cohort study in China from 2017 to 2019

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 315-326页

作者： Wei Cheng Jieqing Chen Xudong Ma Jialu sun Sifa Gao Ye Wang Longxiang Su Lu Wang Wei Du Huaiwu He Yujie Chen Zunzhu Li Qi Li jianhua sun Hongbo Luo Jinbang Liu Guangliang Shan Bing Du Yanhong Guo Dawei Liu Chang Yin Xiang Zhou on behalf of the China National Critical Care Quality Control Center-the ECMO quality improvement action(EQIA)study Department of Critical Care Medicine State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China Information Center Department/Department of Information Management State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College&Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100730China Department of Medical Administration National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing100044China School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medicine SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China National Institute of Hospital Administration National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing100044China 不详

This cohort study was performed to explore the influence of intensive care unit(ICU)quality on in-hospital mortality of veno-venous(V-V)extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)-supported patients in China.The study involved all V-V ECMO-supported patients in 318 of 1700 tertiary hospitals from 2017 to 2019,using data from the National Clinical Improvement System and China National Critical Care Quality Control Center.ICU quality was assessed by quality control indicators and capacity parameters.Among the 2563 V-V ECMO-supported patients in 318 hospitals,a significant correlation was found between ECMO-related complications and prognosis.The reintubation rate within 48 hours after extubation and the total ICU mortality rate were independent risk factors for higher in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients(cutoff:1.5%and 7.0%;95%confidence interval:1.05–1.48 and 1.04–1.45;odds ratios:1.25 and 1.23;P=0.012 and P=0.015,respectively).Meanwhile,the V-V ECMO center volume was a protective factor(cutoff of≥50 cases within the 3-year study period;95%confidence interval:0.57–0.83,odds ratio:0.69,P=0.0001).The subgroup analysis of 864 patients in 11 high-volume centers further strengthened these findings.Thus,ICU quality may play an important role in improving the prognosis of V-V ECMO-supported patients.

关键词： veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in-hospital mortality high-volume centers quality control intensive care unit capacity parameters

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Effects of excess fluid administration and dehydration treatment on venous return in canine model of septic shock

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第23期135卷 2872-2874页

作者： Wei Du jianhua sun Huan Chen Department of Critical Care Medicine Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesDongcheng DistrictBeijing 100730China

To the Editor:Current guidelines recommend resuscitation with≥30 mL/kg of crystalloid fluid immediately upon recognition of septic shock patients.[1]However,compliance with sepsis bundles requiring fluid administration to pre-specified goals has failed to improve mortality when compared with non-protocolized resuscitation.[2]An inappropriate fluid administration dosage,whether insuf-ficient or excessive,will increase the risk of harm.To our knowledge,few studies have been performed to evaluate the hemodynamic status during standard fluid resuscitation,fluid overload,and dehydration treatment in sepsis.Additionally,little is known about the relationship between fluid administration and altered hemodynamic states,especially changes in venous return,in sepsis.The usefulness of the mean systemic filling pressure(Pmsf)in guiding hemodynamic therapy has been investigated in recent studies.The mean systemic filling pressure(Pmsf)is determined by both vascular filling and vascular tone and the difference between Pmsf and central venous pressure(CVP)represents the driving pressure for the return of blood to the heart and thus for cardiac output(CO).

关键词： dehydration shock excess

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Initiation and Evolution of Long-Lived Eastward-Propagating Mesoscale Convective Systems over the Second-Step Terrain along Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第5期39卷 763-781页

作者： Yuanchun ZHANG jianhua sun Ruyi YANG Ruoyun MA Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms(LACS) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519080China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Public Meteorological Service Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100044China

Based on the previous statistical analysis of mesoscale convective systems(MCSs)over the second-step terrain along Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley,eight representative long-lived eastward-propagating MCSs are selected for model-based sensitivity testing to investigate the initiation and evolution of these types of MCSs as well as their impact on downstream areas.We subject each MCS to a semi-idealized(CNTL)simulation and a sensitivity(NOLH)simulation that neglects condensational heating in the formation region.The CNTL experiment reveals convection forms in the region downstream of a shortwave trough typified by persistent southwesterly winds in the low-to midtroposphere.Upon merging with other convective systems,moist convection develops into an MCS,which propagates eastward under the influence of mid-tropospheric westerlies,and moves out of the second-step terrain.The MCS then merges with pre-existing local convection over the plains;the merged convection reinforces the cyclonic wind perturbation into a mesoscale vortex at 850 hPa.While this vortex moves eastward to regions with local vortex at 850 hPa,another vortex at 925 hPa is also intensified.Finally,the vortices at 850 and 925 hPa merge together and develop into a mesoscale convective vortex(MCV).In contrast,MCSs fail to form and move eastward in the NOLH experiment.In the absence of eastward-propagating MCSs,moist convection and mesoscale vortices still appear in the plains,but the vortex strength and precipitation intensity are significantly weakened.It is suggested the eastward-propagating MCSs over the second-step terrain significantly impact the development and enhancement of moist convection and vortices in the downstream areas.

关键词： mesoscale convective systems second-step terrain mesoscale convective vortex numerical sensitivity simulation

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Energy Paths that Sustain the Warm-Sector Torrential Rainfall over South China and Their Contrasts to the Frontal Rainfall: A Case Study

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第9期39卷 1519-1535页

作者： Shenming FU Jingping ZHANG Yali LUO Wenying YANG jianhua sun International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Predicting warm-sector torrential rainfall over South China,which is famous for its destructive power,is one of the most challenging issues of the current numerical forecast field.Insufficient understanding of the key mechanisms underlying this type of event is the root cause.Since understanding the energetics is crucial to understanding the evolutions of various types of weather systems,a general methodology for investigating energetics of torrential rainfall is provided in this study.By applying this methodology to a persistent torrential rainfall event which had concurrent frontal and warm-sector precipitation,the first physical image on the energetics of the warm-sector torrential rainfall is established.This clarifies the energy sources for producing the warm-sector rainfall during this event.For the first time,fundamental similarities and differences between the warm-sector and frontal torrential rainfall are shown in terms of energetics.It is found that these two types of rainfall mainly differed from each other in the lower-tropospheric dynamical features,and their key differences lay in energy sources.Scale interactions(mainly through downscale energy cascade and transport)were a dominant factor for the warm-sector torrential rainfall during this event,whereas,for the frontal torrential rainfall,they were only of secondary importance.Three typical signals in the background environment are found to have supplied energy to the warm-sector torrential rainfall,with the quasi-biweekly oscillation having contributed the most.

关键词： torrential rainfall warm-sector rainfall frontal rainfall South China scale interactions baroclinic energy conversion

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Defect promoted photothermoelectric effect in densely aligned ZnO nanorod arrays for self-powered position-sensitive photodetection

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第3期8卷 693-701页

作者： Xinxin Du Weiliang Tian Ziqi Zhang Bin Hui Jiahui Pan jianhua sun Kewei Zhang State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass FibersMaterials and Textiles of Shandong ProvinceCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringInstitute of Marine Biobased MaterialsQingdao UniversityQingdao266071China Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering in South Xinjiang College of Life ScienceTarim UniversityAlar843300China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning530004China

Sustainable light energy from ambient environment has attracted particular attention to meet the evergrowing need of small-scale electronics.The modulation of intercorrelated thermal and electronic transport is one of the crucial aspects for reliable photothermoelectric electronics.Herein,a defectpromoted photothermoelectric effect is demonstrated in densely aligned ZnO nanorod array with rich lattice defects.The defect-rich ZnO device delivers high electrical conductivity and large Seebeck coefficient to enable significant improvement of photothermoelectric energy conversion and self-powered photodetection.The position sensitivity reaches approximately 0.19 mV mm^(-1),and the temperature gradient induced electric field makes up for the suppression in the photothermoelectric process.The synergism between intrinsic defects and extra temperature field plays an important role in promoting the photothermoelectric properties of dense ZnO nanorod array.This study is interesting for interpreting the thermo-phototronic phenomena as well as demonstrating the possibility of defect engineering and phonon engineering to enable highly efficient light energy scavenging and self-powered photodetection.

关键词： Defect-rich ZnO Photodetectors Light energy Photothermoelectric Self-powered

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马克思历史结构中主体思想对主体性思想政治教育的启示

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南京师大学报（社会科学版） 2024年第3期 72-82页

作者：孙建华苏州大学马克思主义学院苏州215123 江苏省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心苏州大学基地

马克思历史结构中主体思想以资本逻辑批判为底板,将主体置于历史结构之中,它认为主体性、主体间性和公共性是在生产方式的历史运动中生成与建构的。它揭示了历史变迁的内在机理,启示主体性思想政治教育走进时代深处,紧扣生产方式矛盾运... 详细信息

马克思历史结构中主体思想以资本逻辑批判为底板,将主体置于历史结构之中,它认为主体性、主体间性和公共性是在生产方式的历史运动中生成与建构的。它揭示了历史变迁的内在机理,启示主体性思想政治教育走进时代深处,紧扣生产方式矛盾运动把握百年变局的堂奥。这一思想为主体性思想政治教育的展开方式确立了思想路标。主体性思想政治教育要将观念批判与实践推进相结合,展开其新时代的运行逻辑,让主体间交往与投身社会实践相统一,在“两个大局”中确立其历史任务。

关键词：马克思历史结构主体思想主体性思想政治教育

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Assessing a novel critical care ultrasonography training program for intensive care unit nurses in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第8期135卷 977-979页

作者： jianhua sun Yue Wang Qing Zhang Xin Li Wei He Yangong Chao Xiaoting Wang Dawei Liu Critical Care Ultrasound Study Grop(CCUSG) Department of Critical Care Medicine Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical ScienceBeijing 100730China Institute for Medical Device Standardization Administration National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijing 100050China Department of Critical Care Medicine Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China Department of Critical Care Medicine The First Hospital of Tsing Hua UniversityBeijing 100016China. 不详

Critical care ultrasonography(CCUS)is essential in the evaluation of shock,respiratory failure,and to guide central venous access.[1] Nurses also use ultrasound for nursing practice such as thrombosis screening,ultrasound-guided vascular puncture,feeding tube placement,and lung physical therapy.[2]CCUS strengths are lack of radiation,portability,and low costs.Therefore,CCUS has considerable clinical use in critical care.

关键词： CCUS critical nurse

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Organizational Modes of Severe Wind-producing Convective Systems over North China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第5期35卷 540-549页

作者： Xinlin YANG jianhua sun Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Severe weather reports and composite radar reflectivity data from 2010-14 over North China were used to analyze the distribution of severe convective wind（SCW） events and their organizational modes of radar reflectivity. The six organizational modes for SCW events（and their proportions） were cluster cells（35.4%）, squall lines（18.4%）, nonlinear-shaped systems（17.8%）, broken lines（11.6%）, individual cells（1.2%）, and bow echoes（0.5%）. The peak month for both squall lines and broken lines was June, whereas it was July for the other four modes. The highest numbers of SCW events were over the mountains, which were generally associated with disorganized systems of cluster cells. In contrast, SCW associated with linear systems occurred mainly over the plains, where stations recorded an average of less than one SCW event per year. Regions with a high frequency of SCW associated with nonlinear-shaped systems also experienced many SCW events associated with squall lines. Values of convective available potential energy, precipitable water, 0-3-km shear, and 0-6-km shear, were demonstrably larger over the plains than over the mountains, which had an evident effect on the organizational modes of SCW events. Therefore, topography may be an important factor in the organizational modes for SCW events over North China.

关键词： severe convective wind organizational mode convective system topography

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Commutativity Conditions for Rings and Generalized 2-CN Rings

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Algebra Colloquium 2021年第1期28卷 51-62页

作者： Hua Yao jianhua sun Junchao Wei School of Mathematics and Statistics Huanghuai UniversityZhumadianHenan 463000China School of Mathematical Sciences Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225002China

Firstly,the commutativity of rings is investigated in this paper.Let R be a ring with identity.Then we obtain the following commutativity conditions:(1)if for each x∈R\N(R)and each y∈R,(xy)^(k)=x^(k)y^(k)for k=m,m+1,n,n+1,where m and n are relatively prime positive integers,then R is commutative;(2)if for each x∈R\J(R)and each y∈R,(xy)^(k)=y^(k)x^(k)for k=m,m+1,m+2,where m is a positive integer,then R is commutative.Secondly,generalized 2-CN rings,a kind of ring being commutative to some extent,are investigated.Some relations between generalized 2-CN rings and other kinds of rings,such as reduced rings,regular rings,2-good rings,and weakly Abel rings,are presented.

关键词： commutativity conditions generalized 2-CN rings regular rings 2-good rings weakly Abel rings

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