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Knockout of miR396 genes increases seed size and yield in soybean

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1148-1157页

作者： Hongtao Xie Fei Su Qingfeng Niu Leping Geng Xuesong cao Minglei Song Jinsong Dong Zai Zheng Rui Guo Yang Zhang Yuanwei Deng Zhanbo Ji Kang Pang Jian-Kang Zhu jianhua Zhu School of Life Sciences Anhui Agricultural University Research Center for Biological Breeding Technology Research Institute of Frontier Science Anhui Agricultural University Bellagen Biotechnology Co.Ltd Institute of Crop Sciences/National Nanfan Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Technologies (Hainan) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Southern University of Science and Technology Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory

Yield improvement has long been an important task for soybean breeding in the world in order to meet the increasing demand for food and animal feed. mi R396 genes have been shown to negatively regulate grain size in rice,but whether mi R396 family members may function in a similar manner in soybean is unknown. Here, we generated eight soybean mutants harboring different combinations of homozygous mutations in the six soybean mi R396genes through genome editing with clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease(Cas)12SF01 in the elite soybean cultivar Zhonghuang 302(ZH302). Four triple mutants (mir396aci, mir396acd, mir396adf, and mir396cdf), two quadruple mutants(mir396-abcd and mir396acfi), and two quintuple mutants(mir396abcdf and mir396bcdfi) were characterized. We found that plants of all the mir396 mutants produced larger seeds compared to ZH302 plants. Field tests showed that mir396adf and mir396cdf plants have significantly increased yield in growth zones with relatively high latitude which are suited for ZH302 and moderately increased yield in lower latitude. In contrast, mir396abcdf and mir396bcdfiplants have increased plant height and decreased yield in growth zones with relatively high latitude due to lodging issues, but they are suited for low latitude growth zones with increased yield without lodging problems.Taken together, our study demonstrated that loss-of-function of mi R396 genes leads to significantly enlarged seed size and increased yield in soybean, providing valuable germplasms for breeding high-yield soybean.

关键词： Cas12SF01 CRISPR/Cas miR396 seed size soybean yield

The BCL-2 inhibitor APG-2575 resets tumor-associated macrophages toward the M1 phenotype,promoting a favorable response to anti-PD-1 therapy via NLRP3 activation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 60-79页

作者： Fan Luo Han Li Wenjuan Ma Jiaxin cao Qun Chen Feiteng Lu Miaozhen Qiu Penghui Zhou Zengfei Xia Kangmei Zeng jianhua Zhan Ting Zhou Qiuyun Luo Wentao Pan Lin Zhang Chaozhuo Lin Yan Huang Li Zhang Dajun Yang Hongyun Zhao State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerSun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina Ascentage Pharma(Suzhou)Co Ltd 218 Xinghu StreetSuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

The main challenges in the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are ascribed to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and the lack of sufficient infiltration of activated CD8+T cells.Transforming the tumor microenvironment(TME)from“cold”to“hot”and thus more likely to potentiate the effects of ICIs is a promising strategy for cancer treatment.We found that the selective BCL-2 inhibitor APG-2575 can enhance the antitumor efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in syngeneic and humanized CD34+mouse models.Using single-cell RNA sequencing,we found that APG-2575 polarized M2-like immunosuppressive macrophages toward the M1-like immunostimulatory phenotype with increased CCL5 and CXCL10 secretion,restoring T-cell function and promoting a favorable immunotherapy response.Mechanistically,we demonstrated that APG-2575 directly binds to NF-κB p65 to activate NLRP3 signaling,thereby mediating macrophage repolarization and the activation of proinflammatory caspases and subsequently increasing CCL5 and CXCL10 chemokine production.As a result,APG-2575-induced macrophage repolarization could remodel the tumor immune microenvironment,thus improving tumor immunosuppression and further enhancing antitumor T-cell immunity.Multiplex immunohistochemistry confirmed that patients with better immunotherapeutic efficacy had higher CD86,p-NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 levels,accompanied by lower CD206 expression on macrophages.Collectively,these data provide evidence that further study on APG-2575 in combination with immunotherapy for tumor treatment is required.

关键词： BCL-2 APG-2575 ICIs Macrophages NLRP3

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西部水产养殖业发展现状分析与前景展望

云南农业大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第3期18卷 63-70页

作者：操建华中国社会科学院农村发展研究所北京100732

基于统计数据、现有政策规划和文献,对西部水产养殖业发展现状、问题、潜力及前景展开分析和展望。主要结论是:西部水产养殖业的快速发展使其在全国地位上升,仍以占比过高的大宗鱼类和池塘、水库养殖为主,水面构成差异大,但西南除湖泊... 详细信息

基于统计数据、现有政策规划和文献,对西部水产养殖业发展现状、问题、潜力及前景展开分析和展望。主要结论是:西部水产养殖业的快速发展使其在全国地位上升,仍以占比过高的大宗鱼类和池塘、水库养殖为主,水面构成差异大,但西南除湖泊外水面单产已有优势,稻田养殖稳定增长,工厂化养殖规模扩大。存在发展不平衡、产业结构不合理、收益偏低、稻田养殖和西北水面单产偏低、技术推广能力和从业人员素质偏低、发展空间受限、先进养殖方式推广难和管理能力待提高等问题,但均有水质好、渔业资源丰富、在可养水面利用率、单产和稻田养殖上提升空间大、市场潜力大等优势。未来西部将推动大宗鱼类养殖提质增效,诸如冷水鱼等的地方名特优养殖比例将有较大提升,养殖将全面转向生态模式,生态设施渔业和稻田养殖规模将进一步提升。为加快这一进程,建议多借鉴成功经验,引进优质企业和人才,将生态品牌与电商发展相结合,提升公共管理水平,加大政策支持和示范力度,推进产业结构优化。

关键词：淡水养殖健康养殖绿色发展高质量发展

A discovery of two slow pulsars with FAST:“Ronin”from the globular cluster M15

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 166-180页

作者： Dengke Zhou Pei Wang Di Li jianhua Fang Chenchen Miao Paulo CCFreire Lei Zhang Dandan Zhang Huaxi Chen Yi Feng Yifan Xiao Jintao Xie Xu Zhang Chenwu Jin Han Wang Yinan Ke Xuerong Guo Rushuang Zhao Chenhui Niu Weiwei Zhu Mengyao Xue Yabiao Wang Jiafu Wu Zhenye Gan Zhongyi Sun Chengjie Wang Jie Zhang Junshuo Zhang Jinhuang cao Wanjin Lu Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311121China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China New Cornerstone Science Laboratory Shenzhen 518054China Max Planck Institut f¨ur Radioastronomie Bonn 53121Germany Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthorn 3122Australia School of Mathematical Sciences School of Physics and Electronic SciencesGuizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guiyang 550001China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Qilu Normal UniversityJinan 250200China School of Physics and Electronic Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China College of Physical Science and Technology Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Tencent Youtu Lab Shanghai 201103China

Globular clusters harbor numerous millisecond pulsars,but long-period pulsars(P 100 ms)are rarely found.In this study,we employed a fast folding algorithm to analyze observational data from multiple globular clusters obtained by the Five-hundredmeter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST),aiming to detect the existence of long-period pulsars.We estimated the impact of the median filtering algorithm in eliminating red noise on the minimum detectable flux density(S_(min))of pulsars.Subsequently,we successfully discovered two isolated long-period pulsars in M15 with periods approximately equal to 1.928451 and3.960716 s,respectively.On the P-˙P diagram,both pulsars are positioned below the spin-up line,suggesting a possible history of partial recycling in X-ray binary systems disrupted by dynamical encounters later on.According to timing results,these two pulsars exhibit remarkably strong magnetic fields.If the magnetic fields were weakened during the accretion process,then a short duration of accretion might explain the strong magnetic fields of these pulsars.

关键词： pulsar globular cluster FAST

陈彤云运用通养气血法治疗面部炎症后色素异常经验

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中医杂志 2024年第2期65卷 134-138页

作者：曹洋周冬梅曲剑华陈彤云首都医科大学附属北京中医医院北京市100010

总结陈彤云运用通养气血法治疗面部炎症后色素异常的临证经验。认为气血滞涩与虚损是面部炎症后色素异常的核心病机,提出以通养气血为治疗大法。其中面部炎症后色素沉着以气血滞涩为主,治以调肝理脾、行气活血,常用通化汤加减;面部炎症... 详细信息

总结陈彤云运用通养气血法治疗面部炎症后色素异常的临证经验。认为气血滞涩与虚损是面部炎症后色素异常的核心病机,提出以通养气血为治疗大法。其中面部炎症后色素沉着以气血滞涩为主,治以调肝理脾、行气活血,常用通化汤加减;面部炎症后色素减退以气血虚损为主,治以健脾益肾、补气生血,常用养复汤加减。同时用药重视升降结合、气血双行、温阳育阴以及现代药理研究成果。

关键词：炎症后色素异常通养气血名医经验陈彤云

深层页岩储层天然裂缝连通性表征及力学有效性分析——以川东南盆缘丁山—东溪地区五峰组—龙马溪组为例

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天然气地球科学 2024年第2期35卷 230-244页

作者：李勇何建华邓虎成李瑞雪李厂曹峰曹红秀成都理工大学能源学院四川成都610059 油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室(成都理工大学) 四川成都610059

表征页岩储层天然裂缝连通性以及分析原位地应力控制下的力学有效性对于页岩气勘探及增产具有重要意义。以川东南盆缘丁山—东溪五峰组—龙马溪组为例,综合钻井岩心观察、成像测井、三维激光扫描,明确了天然裂缝特征,表征和分析了其连... 详细信息

表征页岩储层天然裂缝连通性以及分析原位地应力控制下的力学有效性对于页岩气勘探及增产具有重要意义。以川东南盆缘丁山—东溪五峰组—龙马溪组为例,综合钻井岩心观察、成像测井、三维激光扫描,明确了天然裂缝特征,表征和分析了其连通性和力学有效性。结果表明:天然裂缝以高角度剪切缝、层间滑移缝和层理缝为主,优势走向为NE和近EW向,未充填率约为9.7%,未充填缝主要存在于层间滑移缝和高角度剪切缝(>45°)中。通过成像测井的影像特征可以较好地区分丁山—东溪地区的天然裂缝类型及相互连通关系。裂缝网络的拓扑分析显示裂缝的平均连接数(CL)及分支平均连接数(CB)分别普遍低于2和1.5,表明缝网连通性较差,连通缝网主要存在于1~3小层且纵向的CL和CB值相差1~3倍,平面上丁山鼻状褶皱叠合区裂缝组系较多,连通性相对较好。研究区天然裂缝面的节理粗糙度系数(JRC)介于2.2~14.1之间,随黏土含量增加呈现为降低趋势。在原位地应力条件下,所有的天然裂缝均处于力学无效状态,其中在最小主应力较小和两向应力差较大的含黏土—黏土质页岩段(黏土含量>30%),与最大主应力方向夹角在30°~75°之间的低角度—高角度天然裂缝具有更好的力学有效性。研究成果可为页岩储层裂缝精细建模和“甜点”预测提供借鉴。

关键词：川东南五峰组—龙马溪组裂缝特征裂缝连通性力学有效性地应力

参苓白术散联合肠内营养改善危重症患者营养状态和预后的研究

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辽宁中医杂志 2024年第6期51卷 119-122页

作者：曹健华韦彪史玉虎安徽省中西医结合医院(安徽中医药大学第三附属医院)重症医学科安徽合肥230031

目的分析参苓白术散联合肠内营养改善危重症患者营养状态和预后的研究。方法纳入2020年1月—2022年8月医院收治的危重症患者60例,分为对照组和观察组,各30例,方法为随机数字表法。对照组给予标准肠内营养支持及安慰剂治疗,观察组给予标... 详细信息

目的分析参苓白术散联合肠内营养改善危重症患者营养状态和预后的研究。方法纳入2020年1月—2022年8月医院收治的危重症患者60例,分为对照组和观察组,各30例,方法为随机数字表法。对照组给予标准肠内营养支持及安慰剂治疗,观察组给予标准肠内营养支持及参苓白术散治疗,两组均治疗至转出重症加强护理病房。比较两组治疗情况,治疗前、治疗后营养状态、炎症反应指标、血液流变学及预后。结果观察组呼吸机带机时间、重症加强护理病房住院时间短于对照组,肠内营养不耐受发生率低于对照组[3.33%(1/30)vs 26.67%(8/30),P<0.05]。与治疗前比较,治疗后,两组血清血红蛋白(serum hemoglobin,HGB)、前白蛋白(prealbumin,PA)、白蛋白(albumin,ALB)水平均升高,且观察组更高(P<0.05);两组全血白细胞总数(blood white blood cell count,WBC)、中性粒细胞百分比(neutrophil percentage,NEU%),急性生理功能与慢性健康评分(Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation,APACHEⅡ)得分,血清C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)水平,全血高切、低切黏度、血浆黏度均降低,且观察组更低(P<0.05)。结论参苓白术散可降低危重症患者肠内营养的不耐受,改善患者营养状态,进而抑制机体炎症反应及血液黏度增加,促进患者康复,改善其预后。

关键词：危重症参苓白术散肠内营养营养状态炎症反应血液流变学

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A genome-wide association study of five meat quality traits in Yorkshire pigs

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2014年第2期1卷 137-143页

作者： Qian DONG Huiying LIU Xinyun LI Wei WEI Shuhong ZHAO jianhua cao Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of EducationCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Meat quality is an important trait in the pig industry.To identify genomic regions and haplotype blocks responsible for meat quality traits in pigs,a genome-wide association study was conducted for five traits including intramuscular fat content,pH at 45 min and 24 h,drip loss within 24 h and water-holding capacity in 231 Yorkshire barrows using illumina porcine 60k SNP chips.The results showed that a total of 344 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)were significantly associated with five meat quality traits(P<1×10^(–4)).Moreover,323 SNPs were within the reported QTL regions,of which 21 were novel.Also,158 SNPs fell into the proximal region of meat quality related genes.In addition,25 haplotype blocks based on 116 SNPs were revealed with SNP combination patterns for five traits.Our study added new SNP information for identification of meat quality traits in pigs and will help elucidate the mechanisms of meat quality in pigs.

关键词： pig GWAS meat quality trait SNP

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HDT烘丝机燃烧炉换热管清洁装置的设计

烟草科技 2024年第3期57卷 108-112页

作者：梁志远贺朋涛韦斌曹建华李彬广西中烟工业有限责任公司柳州卷烟厂广西柳州市545005 沈阳万洁智能环境科技有限公司沈阳市110000

为解决HDT烘丝机燃烧炉换热管内积碳积垢清洁不彻底而影响换热效率等问题,设计了一种清洁装置。该装置主要由管道内壁清洁单元、导风条清洁单元、空压机和工业吸尘器组成,可以将换热管拆分为管道和导风条后分别进行清理;清理管道内壁的... 详细信息

为解决HDT烘丝机燃烧炉换热管内积碳积垢清洁不彻底而影响换热效率等问题,设计了一种清洁装置。该装置主要由管道内壁清洁单元、导风条清洁单元、空压机和工业吸尘器组成,可以将换热管拆分为管道和导风条后分别进行清理;清理管道内壁的柔性磨头和清理麻花状导风条的柔性滚刷分别由气动马达(额定转速4 500 r/min)和电机(额定转速1 351 r/min)驱动,气动马达由空压机提供压力为0.3 MPa的压缩空气作为气源;清洁后形成的粉尘经密闭除尘管进入工业吸尘器,避免造成扬尘污染。以柳州卷烟厂使用的HDT-FX3000烘丝机为对象进行测试,结果表明:清洁装置应用后,每台烘丝机换热管平均清洁用时由172 min/次减少至63 min/次,降幅63.1%;烘丝过程中天然气消耗量由86.49 m~3/批次下降至82.19 m~3/批次,燃烧炉平均功率降低15.9%。该技术可为提高HDT烘丝机传热效率和减少生产能耗提供支持。

关键词： HDT烘丝机燃烧炉换热管气动马达管道内壁导风条清洁装置