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Experimental study on the movement of oil spill under freeze-thaw action

Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第3期16卷 111-120页

作者： ZeLiang Ye jianguo lu MingYi Zhang WanSheng Pei ShuTong Li State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengduSichuan 610500China

Oil leakages cause environmental pollution,economic losses,and even engineering safety *** cold regions,researchers urgently investigate the movement of oil spill in soils exposed to freeze-thaw *** this study,a series of laboratory model experiments were carried out on the migration of oil leakage under freeze-thaw action,and the distributions of the soil temperature,unfrozen water content,and displacement were *** results showed that under freeze-thaw action,liquid water in soils migrated to the freezing front and *** the pipe cracked,oil pollutants first gathered at one side of the leak hole,and then moved *** pipe wall temperature affected the soil temperature field,and the thermal influence range below and transverse the pipe wall(35–40 cm)was larger than that above the pipe wall(8 cm)owing to the soil surface *** leaked oil's temperature would make the temperature of the surrounding soil *** would inhibit the cooling of the ***,oil migration was significantly affected by the gravity and water flow *** freeze-thaw action would affect the migration of the oil,which was mainly manifested as inhibiting the diffusion and movement of oil when soils were *** water transport caused by freeze-thaw cycles would also inhibit oil *** research results would provide a scientific reference for understanding the relationship between the movement of oil pollutants,water,and soil temperature,and for establishing a waterheat-mass transport model in frozen soils.

关键词： Freeze-thaw action Oil movement Soil temperature Unfrozen water content Model test

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In situ observation of the electrochemical behavior of Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)batteries in an environmental transmission electron microscope

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Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 244-255页

作者： Peng Jia Yunna Guo Dongliang Chen Jingming Yao Xuedong Zhang jianguo lu Yuqing Qiao Liqiang Zhang Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry College of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdaoChina State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Clean Nano Energy CenterYanshan UniversityQinhuangdaoChina State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials and Application Technology of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtanChina

Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)batteries,a promising energy storage technology,not only provide ultrahigh discharge capacity but also capture CO_(2)and turn it into renewable *** electrochemical reaction pathways'ambiguity,however,creates a hurdle for their practical *** study used copper selenide(CuSe)nanosheets as the air cathode medium in an environmental transmission electron microscope to in situ study Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)(mix CO_(2)as well as O_(2)at a volume ratio of 1:1)and Li–O_(2)batteries as well as Li–CO_(2)*** discharge reactions take place successively in the Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)–CuSe nanobattery:(I)4Li^(+)+O_(2)+4e^(−)→2Li_(2)O;(II)Li_(2)O+CO_(2)→Li_(2)CO_(3).The charge reaction proceeded via(III)2Li_(2)CO_(3)→4Li^(+)+2CO_(2)+O_(2)+4e^(−).However,Li–O_(2)and Li–CO_(2)nanobatteries showed poor cycling stability,suggesting the difficulty in the direct decomposition of the discharge *** fluctuations of the Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)battery's electrochemistry were also shown to depend heavily on O_(2).The CuSe‐based Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)battery showed exceptional electrochemical *** Li^–CO_(2)/O_(2)battery offered a discharge capacity apex of 15,492 mAh g^(−1) and stable cycling 60 times at 100 mA g^(−1).Our research offers crucial insight into the electrochemical behavior of Li–CO_(2)/O_(2),Li–O_(2),and Li–CO_(2)nanobatteries,which may help the creation of high‐performance Li–CO_(2)/O_(2)batteries for energy storage applications.

关键词： CuSe nanosheets electrochemical reaction in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy Li-CO_(2)battery Li-CO_(2)/O_(2)battery Li-O_(2)battery

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In-situ imaging electrocatalysis in a solid-state Li-O_(2) battery with CuSe nanosheets as air cathode

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 466-470页

作者： Peng Jia Yunna Guo Dongliang Chen Xuedong Zhang Jingming Yao jianguo lu Liqiang Zhang Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry College of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Clean Nano Energy Center State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and TechnologyYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials and Application Technology of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China

The development of highly efficient catalysts in the cathodes of rechargeable Li-O_(2) batteries is a considerable *** enhance the electrochemical performance of the Li-O_(2) battery,it is essential to choose a suitable catalyst *** selenide(CuSe)is considered as a more promising cathode catalyst material for Li-O_(2) battery due to its better conductivity and rich electrochemical active ***,its electrochemical reaction and fundamental catalytic mechanism remain unclear till ***,in-situ environmental transmission electron microscopy technique was used to study the catalysis mechanism of the CuSe nanosheets in Li-O_(2) batteries during discharge and charge *** is found that Li_(2)O was formed and decomposed around the ultrafine-grained Cu during the discharge and charge processes,respectively,demonstrating excellent *** indicate that the freshly formed ultrafine-grained Cu in the conversion reaction catalyzed the latter four-electron-transfer oxygen reduction reaction,leading to the formation of Li_(2)*** study provides important understanding of the electrochemistry of the LiO_(2) nanobatteries,which will aid the development of high-performance Li-O_(2) batteries for energy storage applications.

关键词： In-situ environmental transmission electron microscopy Lithium oxygen batteries CuSe nanosheets Oxygen reduction reaction Oxygen evolution reaction

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选煤厂机电设备远程运维在线监控与故障诊断技术研究

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自动化应用 2024年第13期65卷 304-307页

作者：路建国山西长治王庄煤业有限责任公司山西长治047100

针对煤矿选煤厂设备传统运维方式存在巡检效率较低、巡检强度大、设备维护困难以及潜在故障诊断效果较差等问题,探讨选煤厂设备智能化运维关键技术,分析选煤厂机电设备常见故障类型和异常特征,提出了一种选煤厂设备远程运维在线监控系... 详细信息

针对煤矿选煤厂设备传统运维方式存在巡检效率较低、巡检强度大、设备维护困难以及潜在故障诊断效果较差等问题,探讨选煤厂设备智能化运维关键技术,分析选煤厂机电设备常见故障类型和异常特征,提出了一种选煤厂设备远程运维在线监控系统。采用多种传感器实时采集设备的运行参数和状态信息,由选煤厂利用以太环网实现对现场参数的实时回传与上位机显示。介绍了故障智能诊断关键技术,搭建了故障智能诊断算法流程。结果表明,在煤矿选煤厂现场应用选煤厂机电设备远程运维在线监控系统,可准确采集现场设备的运行参数,并以可视化的形式体现设备状态,一旦设备物理信号超过设定阈值会自动报警,整个系统可代替7~8人完成设备的日常运维工作,大大降低了工人劳动强度,减少了企业劳动力成本,取得了满意的应用效果。

关键词：选煤厂机电设备在线监控故障诊断网络通信

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多年冻土区石油污染土物理性质、石油迁移及修复现状

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环境科学研究 2024年第6期37卷 1336-1347页

作者：晏忠瑞黄健万旭升路建国刘志良西南石油大学土木工程与测绘学院四川成都610500 西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室四川成都610500

随着多年冻土区石油资源的开发,石油污染问题日益严重。本文概述了多年冻土区石油污染土的物理性质和修复技术,以及石油污染物的迁移规律和模型。通过回顾相关研究发现:①在微观结构上,多年冻土区石油污染土平均孔隙度没有变化,但孔径增... 详细信息

随着多年冻土区石油资源的开发,石油污染问题日益严重。本文概述了多年冻土区石油污染土的物理性质和修复技术,以及石油污染物的迁移规律和模型。通过回顾相关研究发现:①在微观结构上,多年冻土区石油污染土平均孔隙度没有变化,但孔径增大,孔隙数量减少,各向异性程度降低。②土壤受到石油污染后,其导热率和冻结温度会显著降低,从而减少了土壤冻结成冰的分凝量和冻胀量。③位于多年冻土上部活动层的石油随冻融循环调控水分而发生迁移,而低渗透率的多年冻土层是有效阻止石油垂直迁移的天然屏障。④现有的石油迁移模型可分为两类:一是非水相流体在多孔介质中的渗流模型,二是非水相流体在多孔介质中的浓度分布模型。多年冻土区石油迁移模型的建立受多种因素的影响,特别是要考虑多年冻土区特殊的气候条件,如低温、淋滤和冻融循环等。⑤多年冻土区石油污染土壤的修复技术包括物理、化学和生物修复。其中,物理修复是应急首选,快速高效但成本较高;化学修复效果明显,但易造成二次污染;生物修复经济环保,但在多年冻土区受到诸多限制,且时效性长。总体而言,由于多年冻土区的石油污染场地的复杂性和多变性,单一的修复技术往往难以解决污染问题,联合使用物理、化学和生物修复方法是未来重要的发展趋势。

关键词：多年冻土区石油污染物理性质迁移过程修复方法

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Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Ga Doped ZnO/Cu grid/Ga Doped ZnO Transparent Electrodes

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第11期31卷 1108-1110页

作者： Cholho Jang Qingjun Jiang jianguo lu Zhizhen Ye State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Department of Materials Science Kim Il Sung University

Ga doped ZnO （OZO）/Cu grid/GZO transparent conductive electrode （TCE） structures were fabricated at room temperature （RT） by using electron beam evaporation （EBE） for the Cu grids and RF magnetron sputtering for the GZO layers. In this work, we investigated the electrical and optical characteristics of GZO/Cu grid/GZO multilayer electrode for thin film solar cells by using evaporated Cu grid and sputtered GZO thin films to enhance the optical transparency without significantly affecting their conductivity. The optical transmittance and sheet resistance of GZO/Cu grid/GZO multilayer are higher than those of GZO/Cu film/GZO multilayer independent of Cu grid separation distance and increase with increasing Cu grid separation distances. The calculation of both transmittance and sheet resistance of GZO/Cu grid] GZO multilayer was based on Cu filling factor correlated with the geometry of Cu grid. The calculated values for the transmittance and sheet resistance of the GZO/Cu grid/GZO multilayer were similar to the experimentally observed ones. The highest figure of merit ФTc is 5.18× 10^-3Ω^-1 for the GZO/Cu grid] GZO multilayer with Cu grid separation distance of 1 mm was obtained, in this case, the transmittance and resistivity were 82.72% and 2.17 × 10 ^-4Ωcm, respectively. The transmittance and resistivity are accentahle for nractical thin film snlar cell annlicatinn~

关键词： Transparent electrode Electron beam evaporation Cu grid Ga doped ZnO Multilayer film

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冻融循环作用下土石混合体水-热-变形相互作用过程研究

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冰川冻土 2024年第1期46卷 152-161页

作者：邓菲路建国周小勋万旭升王大国西南石油大学土木工程与测绘学院四川成都610500

冻融循环作用显著影响土石混合体的水-热-变形相互作用过程及力学特性。基于此,本文开展了单向冻融循环作用下土石混合体水-热-变形相互作用及无侧限抗压强度试验。通过单向冻融循环装置对30%砾石含量的土石混合体进行了4次单向冻融循... 详细信息

冻融循环作用显著影响土石混合体的水-热-变形相互作用过程及力学特性。基于此,本文开展了单向冻融循环作用下土石混合体水-热-变形相互作用及无侧限抗压强度试验。通过单向冻融循环装置对30%砾石含量的土石混合体进行了4次单向冻融循环试验,每次循环根据设定的温度变化曲线持续168小时,模拟实际自然环境中冻结和融化的周期。同时,利用微机控制电液伺服万能试验机开展了未冻融和冻融循环后试样的力学特性测试,并探讨了冻融循环对土石混合体微观结构劣化机理的影响。研究结果表明:单向冻融循环对试样内温度、水分和变形有显著影响。冻融循环过程中土石混合体的融化速率大于冻结速率,试样在冻融循环过程中存在着体积未冻水的迁移和重分布。第一次冻融循环对土石混合体变形影响最为显著,试样的净变形随着冻融循环次数的增加先增大后趋于稳定。此外,反复的单向冻融循环改变了试样的孔隙结构。冻融循环后试样的抗压强度和变形模量分别减小了45.31%和60.92%,其衰减幅值随着冻融循环次数的增加而降低。

关键词：土石混合体冻融循环温度未冻水含量变形

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Antimicrobial-free knitted fabric as wound dressing and the mechanism of promoting infected wound healing

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第7期66卷 2147-2154页

作者： ZHANG Huan WAN HuaKun HU XiuYuan ZHAO QingHua lu jianguo WANG Dong lu ZhenTan Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products(Wuhan Textile University)Ministry of Education Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials&ApplicationWuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China Zhende Medical Co. Ltd.Shaoxing 312000China

Fibrous biomaterials are widely used in the design and fabrication of antibacterial wound *** strategies are used to make anti-infective dressings:antibacterial and probiotic therapies,which have potential biotoxicity and other ***,we report a new strategy for fabricating wound dressings to combat ***(4-methyl-1-pentene)(PMP) fabric can remove bacteria from infectious wounds through dressing changes based on its efficient bacterial *** maximum adhered count of *** and *** on the PMP fabric was 1.63 × 106CFU/cm~2 and 4.77 × 105CFU/cm~2,*** addition,the PMP fabric could inhibit the twitching motility of bacteria,which is beneficial for inhibiting *** ability of the PMP fabric to accelerate wound healing was demonstrated in vivo in a rat wound *** treatment with the PMP fabric dressing,pathogenic bacteria in the wound were removed through dressing change;therefore,the wound exhibited better healing speed than when the commercial dressing was *** low bacterial concentration effectively stimulated the expression of growth factors and suppressed wound inflammation,thereby accelerating wound *** fabric has three advantages:(1) it has been approved for use in clinical treatment by the Food and Drug Administration;(2) no antibacterial agent or probiotics were used;(3) the fabric could be manufactured through an industrial production *** results indicate that the new strategy can be used in the design of new-generation wound dressings for antibacterial applications.

关键词： anti-infection bacterial adhesion healing mechanism knitted fabric wound dressing

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Failure characteristics of Ag-SnO_2 contact material in AC level

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Rare Metals 2008年第1期27卷 18-21页

作者： MENG Fanbin lu jianguo ZHU Yongqing lu Ningyi CHEN Zhichao HUANG Qiutao Electrical Apparatus Institute Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China Hongfa Electroacoustlc Co. Ltd. Xiamen 361021 China

The failure characteristics of the contact material Ag-SnO2 were investigated by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）.Phase analysis showed that there were Ag,SnO2,and Sn on the contact surfaces at the time of failure under the load condition of 30 A and 220 V（AC）,which means that SnO2 decomposed in *** the contacts were tested under airproof ambient condition,half-spherical bulges came into being on the contact surfaces,which resulted in early failure and dispersive *** half-spherical bulges were not found when the contacts were tested under open ambient *** temperature change of the contacts during the life testing under airproof ambient condition was different from that under open ambient condition.

关键词： contact materials electric contact failure analysis relays

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A Comparative Analysis on Weibo and Twitter

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2016年第1期21卷 1-16页

作者： Wentao Han Xiaowei Zhu Ziyan Zhu Wenguang Chen Weimin Zheng jianguo lu Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaSan DiegoCA 92093USA School of Computer Science University of WindsorON N9B 3P4Canada

Weibo is the Twitter counterpart in China that has attracted hundreds of millions of users. We crawled an almost complete Weibo user network that contains 222 million users and 27 billion links in 2013. This paper analyzes the structural properties of this network, and compares it with a Twitter user network. The topological properties we studied include the degree distributions, connected components, distance distributions, reciprocity,clustering coefficient, Page Rank centrality, and degree assortativity. We find that Weibo users have a higher diversity index, higher Gini index, but a lower reciprocity and clustering coefficient for most of the nodes. A surprising observation is that the reciprocity of Weibo is only about a quarter of the reciprocity of the Twitter user network. We also show that Weibo adoption rate correlates with economic development positively, and Weibo network can be used to quantify the connections between provinces and regions in China. In particular, point-wise mutual information is shown to be accurate in quantifying the strength of connections. We developed an interactive analyzing software framework for this study, and released the data and code online.

关键词： Weibo Twitter online social network complex network mutual information

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