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Investigating the effect of volatility on the hygroscopicities of acetate nanoparticle aerosols by surface plasmon resonance microscopy

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 167-178页

作者： Bo Yang Zhibo Xie jianguo liu Huaqiao Gui Jiaoshi Zhang Xiuli Wei Zetao Fan Douguo Zhang Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province Department of Optics and Optical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Under high relative humidity(RH)conditions,the release of volatile components(such as acetate)has a significant impact on the aerosol *** this work,one surface plasmon resonance microscopy(SPRM)measurement system was introduced to determine the hygroscopic growth factors(GFs)of three acetate aerosols separately or mixed with glucose at different *** Ca(CH_(3)COO)_(2) or Mg(CH_(3)COO)_(2) aerosols,the hygroscopic growth trend of each time was lower than that of the previous time in three cyclic humidification from 70% RH to 90% RH,which may be due to the volatility of acetic acid leading to the formation of insoluble hydroxide(Ca(OH)_(2) or Mg(OH)_(2))under high RH *** the third calculated GF(using the Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson method)for Ca(CH_(3)COO)_(2) or Mg(CH_(3)COO)_(2) in bicomponent aerosols with 1:1 mass ratio were 3.20% or 5.33% lower than that of the first calculated GF at 90% *** calculated results also showed that the hygroscopicity change of bicomponent aerosol was negatively correlated with glucose content,especially when the mass ratio of Mg(CH_(3)COO)_(2) to glucose was 1:2,the GF at 90% RH only decreased by4.67% after three cyclic *** coupled plasma atomic emission spectrum(ICP-AES)based measurements also indicated that the changes of Mg^(2+)concentration in bicomponent was lower than that of the *** results of this study reveal thatduring the efflorescence transitions of atmospheric nanoparticles,the organic acids diffusion rate may be inhibited by the coating effect of neutral organic components,and the particles aging cycle will be prolonged.

关键词： Hygroscopic growth Volatility Acetate aerosols Nanoparticle aerosol Surface plasmon resonance

Characteristics of rural domestic sewage discharge and their driving mechanisms: evidence from the Northern Region, China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 47-58页

作者： jianguo liu Ziyu Zhou Pengyu Li Zixuan Wang Ying Yan Xuezheng Yu Wenkai Li Tianlong Zheng Yingnan Cao Wenjun Wu Wenqian Cai Zhining Shi Junxin liu Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region College of Resources and Environmental EngineeringInner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China SCEGC No.12 Construction Engineering Group Co. Ltd.Ankang 725000China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Planning and Policy Simulation Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing 100041China Technical Centre for Soil Agriculture and Rural Ecology and EnvironmentMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentBeijing 100012China Sustainable Infrastructure and Resource Management(SIRM) UniSA STEMUniversity of South AustraliaSouth AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

The traits of rural domestic sewage emission are unclear,negatively affecting rural domestic sewage treatment and sewage *** study used data from the Second National Pollution Source Census Bulletin to establish a data *** spatial distribution characteristics and main factors influencing rural sewage discharge in the Northern Region were studied using spatial autocorrelation analysis and structural *** findings demonstrated that(l)a significant Spearman correlation between drainage water volume(DwV),chemical oxygen demand(COD),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N),total nitrogen(TN),and total phosphorus(TP)and that the correlation coefficients between DWV and COD,NH,-N,TNand TP were 0.87**,1.0**,0.99**,0.99**,respectively;(2)rural sewage discharge showed spatial autocorrelation,and rural domestic sewage discharge in the districts and counties with an administration was significantly higher than in the surrounding areas;and(3)social development was the main driver rural domestic sewage changes(path coefficient was 0.407**),and the main factors influencing rural domestic sewage discharge were the urbanization rate,years of education,and population age *** study obtained the spatial variation law and clarified the main influencing factors of rural domestic sewage to provide data support and a theoretical basis for subsequent rural sewage collection and *** of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in northern China as a typical case,provides a theoretical foundation for scientific decision-making on rural domestic sewage treatment at the national and regional levels and offers new perspectives for managing pollutants.

关键词： Rural domestic sewage Emission characteristics Spatial autocorrelation analysis Influencing factors

Real-Time 4-Mode MDM Transmission Using Commercial 400G OTN Transceivers and All-Fiber Mode Multiplexers

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ZTE Communications 2024年

作者： REN Fang LI Yidan YE Bing liu jianguo CHEN Weizhang Department of WDM System Design ZTE Corporation University of Science and Technology Beijing

Weakly-coupled mode division multiplexing (MDM) technique is considered a promising candidate to enhance the capacity of an optical transmission system， in which mode multiplexers/demultiplexers (MMUX/MDEMUX) with low insertion loss and modal crosstalk are the key components. In this paper， a low-modal-crosstalk 4-mode MMUX/MDEMUX for the weakly-coupled triple-ring-core few-mode fiber (TRC-FMF) is designed and fabricated with side-polishing processing. The measurement results show that a pair of MMUX/MDEMUX and 25 km weakly-coupled TRC-FMF MDM link achieve low modal crosstalk of lower than -17.5 dB and insertion loss of lower than 11.56 dB for all the four modes. Based on the TRC-FMF and all-fiber MMUX/MDEMUX， an experiment for 25 km real-time 4-mode 3-λwavelength division multiplexing (WDM)-MDM transmission is conducted using commercial 400G optical transport network (OTN) transceivers. The experimental results prove weakly-coupled MDM techniques facilitate a smooth upgrade of the optical transmission system.

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Real-Time 4-Mode MDM Transmission Using Commercial 400G OTN Transceivers and All-Fiber Mode Multiplexers

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ZTE Communications 2024年第1期22卷 106-110页

作者： REN Fang LI Yidan YE Bing liu jianguo CHEN Weizhang School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of WDM System Design ZTE CorporationBeijing 100029China

Weakly-coupled mode division multiplexing(MDM)technique is considered a promising candidate to enhance the capacity of an optical transmission system,in which mode multiplexers/demultiplexers(MMUX/MDEMUX)with low insertion loss and modal crosstalk are the key *** this paper,a low-modal-crosstalk 4-mode MMUX/MDEMUX for the weakly-coupled triple-ring-core few-mode fiber(TRC-FMF)is designed and fabricated with side-polishing *** measurement results show that a pair of MMUX/MDEMUX and 25 km weakly-coupled TRC-FMF MDM link achieve low modal crosstalk of lower than−17.5 dB and insertion loss of lower than 11.56 dB for all the four *** on the TRC-FMF and all-fiber MMUX/MDEMUX,an experiment for 25 km real-time 4-mode 3-λwavelength division multiplexing(WDM)-MDM transmission is conducted using commercial 400G optical transport network(OTN)*** experimental results prove weakly-coupled MDM techniques facilitate a smooth upgrade of the optical transmission system.

关键词： optical fiber couplers mode(de)multiplexers mode division multiplexing transmission

基于PR—Henry改进模型的酸性天然气——地层水体系及其相平衡特征分析

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天然气工业 2024年第6期44卷 64-73页

作者：杨宇王建猛张骞刘建国刘荣和江良伟成都理工大学能源学院中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司地质勘探开发研究院

准确表征酸性天然气—地层水体系的相平衡规律,对于天然气开发过程中的水溶气量和凝析水量分析具有重要意义,但目前常用的PR状态方程与Henry定律等理论对酸性天然气—地层水体系的相平衡研究还存在不适用的问题。为进一步考虑酸性气体... 详细信息

准确表征酸性天然气—地层水体系的相平衡规律,对于天然气开发过程中的水溶气量和凝析水量分析具有重要意义,但目前常用的PR状态方程与Henry定律等理论对酸性天然气—地层水体系的相平衡研究还存在不适用的问题。为进一步考虑酸性气体和地层水矿化度对体系相平衡的影响,改进并提高对天然气溶解度和饱和含水量的计算精度,在PR状态方程与Henry定律相结合建立的PR—Henry模型基础上,考虑了溶解盐对体系相平衡的影响,采用定标粒子理论(SPT)修正了Henry常数,建立了改进的PR—Henry模型,最后分析了天然气组成、压力、温度和盐水含盐量对天然气溶解量和饱和含水量的影响。研究结果表明:(1)模型计算结果与实测资料对比,平均相对偏差分别为5.3%和4.55%,表明该模型能够应用于不同温度、压力和组成的酸性天然气-地层水体系的相平衡计算;(2)天然气在地层水中的溶解量受天然气组成、温度、压力和地层水含盐量的影响;(3)天然气饱和含水量受温度和压力影响十分明显。结论认为,改进的PR—Henry模型为天然气开采过程评价和CO_(2)埋存溶解量计算提供了一种有效的方法,对于评估天然气可采储量及开发特征具有重要的参考意义。

关键词：酸性天然气相平衡计算 PR—Henry模型定标粒子理论影响因素

固体氧化物电池空气电极铬中毒机理及抗铬性能研究进展

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化工学报 2024年第6期75卷 2091-2108页

作者：王天闻闫肃赵梦园杨天让刘建国华北电力大学能源电力创新研究院新型储能技术北京实验室北京102206

固体氧化物电池(SOC)具有能源利用率高、污染排放量低、燃料灵活性高等优势,将在未来的能源供应和储存中发挥关键作用。当前,其长期稳定性尚不能满足大规模商业化的需求,电池堆中用于串联电池的金属连接体所导致的空气电极“铬中毒”是... 详细信息

固体氧化物电池(SOC)具有能源利用率高、污染排放量低、燃料灵活性高等优势,将在未来的能源供应和储存中发挥关键作用。当前,其长期稳定性尚不能满足大规模商业化的需求,电池堆中用于串联电池的金属连接体所导致的空气电极“铬中毒”是电堆性能衰减的重要因素之一。传统空气电极在发电模式(SOFC)下的铬中毒机理已较为明晰。然而,随着电解模式(SOEC)下应用的不断攀升,基于传统电极材料的毒化机理不适用于该运行模式下的电极体系。对典型空气电极材料在SOFC模式和SOEC模式下铬中毒机理进行对比分析,并且对提高SOC空气电极抗铬性能的研究进行总结和展望。

关键词：燃料电池电化学电解催化剂固体氧化物电池空气电极铬中毒抗铬性能

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基于单目视觉实时测量桥式起重机负载摆角

上海海事大学学报 2024年第2期45卷 111-118页

作者：刘建国徐为民上海海事大学物流科学与工程研究院上海201306

针对目前基于视觉的桥式起重机负载摆角测量方法实时性较低,且没有考虑由运动模糊导致的测量精度下降问题,将一个对旋转和倾斜不敏感的球形标识物安装在负载上,设计一种计算灰度概率分布特征余弦相似度的方法,结合卡尔曼滤波器实时跟踪... 详细信息

针对目前基于视觉的桥式起重机负载摆角测量方法实时性较低,且没有考虑由运动模糊导致的测量精度下降问题,将一个对旋转和倾斜不敏感的球形标识物安装在负载上,设计一种计算灰度概率分布特征余弦相似度的方法,结合卡尔曼滤波器实时跟踪标识物。提出一种基于背景灰度值的局部自适应分割算法,使模糊边缘变清晰。从感兴趣区域(region of interest,ROI)的中心向周围8个方向寻找灰度梯度最大的点作为模糊图像的边缘点,对这些点采用最小二乘法进行拟合确定标识物位置。通过几何关系模型计算负载摆角。实验结果表明,本文方法在图像模糊情况下的测量精度和实时性能更优。

关键词：桥式起重机单目视觉卡尔曼滤波摆角测量模糊图像

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连续流选择性加氢技术研究进展

有机化学 2024年第5期44卷 1445-1457页

作者：密思怡马隆龙刘建国东南大学-蒙纳士大学苏州联合研究生院江苏苏州215000 东南大学能源与环境学院南京210096

流动氢化技术是合成制备精细化学品的重要手段,在制备药物中间体及生产高值化学品方面占比极大.非均相催化氢化法具有优良的经济环保性,通过使用负载型催化剂能有效减少污染物排放,提高底物转化率以及选择性.详细介绍了按催化剂负载方... 详细信息

流动氢化技术是合成制备精细化学品的重要手段,在制备药物中间体及生产高值化学品方面占比极大.非均相催化氢化法具有优良的经济环保性,通过使用负载型催化剂能有效减少污染物排放,提高底物转化率以及选择性.详细介绍了按催化剂负载方式分类的微反应器类型以及常用的固体催化剂,阐述了连续流技术在不同官能团催化氢化领域中取得的进展.在此基础上概述了作为十大新兴化学技术之一的流动化学,在催化加氢应用上具有极大远景,连续、自动化和智能化技术是制药和化学工业的未来.

关键词：氢化多相催化流动化学微反应器

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Leveraging the metacoupling framework for sustainability science and global sustainable development

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National Science Review 2023年第7期10卷 36-59页

作者： jianguo liu Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University

Sustainability science seeks to understand human-nature interactions behind sustainability challenges,but has largely been *** sustainability efforts often solved problems in one place at the cost of other places,compromising global *** metacoupling framework offers a conceptual foundation and a holistic approach to integrating human-nature interactions within a place,as well as between adjacent places and between distant places *** applications show broad utilities for advancing sustainability science with profound implications for global sustainable *** have revealed effects of metacoupling on the performance,synergies,and trade-offs of United Nations Sustainable D evelopment Goals(SDGs) across borders and across local to global scales;untangled complex interactions;identified new network attributes;unveiled spatio-temporal dynamics and effects of metacoupling;uncovered invisible feedbacks across metacoupled systems;expanded the nexus approach;detected and integrated hidden phenomena and overlooked issues;re-examined theories such as Tobler’ s First Law of Geography;and unfolded transformations among noncoupling,coupling,decoupling,and *** from the applications are also helpful to achieve SDGs across space,amplify benefits of ecosystem restoration across boundaries and across scales,augment transboundary management,broaden spatial planning,boost supply chains,empower small agents in the large world,and shift from place-based to flow-based *** topics for future research include cascading effects of an event in one place on other places both nearby and far *** the framework can benefit from further tracing flows across scales and space,uplifting the rigor of causal attribution,enlarging toolboxes,and elevating financial and human *** the full potential of the framework will generate more important scientific discoveries and more effective solutions

关键词： biodiversity ecosystem services human–nature interactions planetary boundaries telecoupling sustainable development