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An automatically progressed computer-controlled simulated digestion system to predict digestible and metabolizable energy of unconventional plant protein meals for growing pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 178-187页

作者： Zhongyuan Du Yuming Wang Mingqiang Song Shuli Zeng Lixiang Gao jiangtao zhao Feng zhao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China Wen's Food Group Co.Ltd. Guangdong527439China

The objective of this experimentwas to develop a new computer-controlled simulated digestion system to predict the digestible energy(DE)and metabolizable energy(ME)of unconventional plant protein meals for growing *** meals tested included 1 source of rapeseed meal,4 sources of cottonseed meal,2 sources of sunflower meal,and 2 sources of peanut *** growing pigs(Duroc[LandraceLarge White])with an initial body weight(BW)of 41.7±2.6 kg were allotted to a replicated 103 incomplete Latin square design to determine the DE and ME of 1 basal diet and 9 experimental diets formulated with 9 unconventional plant protein *** DE andMEvalues of unconventional plant protein meals were calculated by the difference *** in vitro digestible energy(IVDE)of 1 basal diet,9 experimental diets,and 9 unconventional plant protein meals were determined with 5 replicates of each sample in a complete randomized *** IVDE/DE or IVDE/ME ranged from 0.96 to 0.98 or 1.00 to 1.01,and the correlation coefficient between IVDE and DE or MEwas 0.97 or 0.98 in 10 experimental ***,the IVDE/DE or IVDE/ME ranged from 0.86 to 1.05 or 0.96 to 1.20,and the correlation coefficient between IVDE and DE orME was 0.92 or 0.91 in 9 unconventional plant protein *** coefficient of variation(CV)of IVDE was less than that of DE and ME in the experimental diets(0.43%,0.80%,and 0.97%for CV of IVDE,DE and ME,respectively)and unconventional plant protein meals(0.92%,4.84%,and 6.33%for CV of IVDE,DE and ME,respectively).The regression equations to predict DE from IVDE in 10 experimental diets and 9 unconventional plant protein meals were DE=0.8851IVDE t539(R^(2)=0.9411,residual standard deviation[RSD]=23 kcal/kg DM,P<0.01)and DE=0.9880IVDE t 166(R^(2)=0.8428,RSD=182 kcal/kg DM,P<0.01),*** no statistical difference in the slopes(P=0.82)or intercepts(P=1.00)of these 2 ***,10 diets and 9 unconventional plant protein meals were pooled to

关键词： Digestible energy In vitro digestible energy Metabolizable energy Unconventional plant protein meal Pig Simulated digestion system

A large carbon pool in lake sediments over the arid/semiarid region, NW China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2015年第3期34卷 289-298页

作者： Jianghu Lan Hai Xu Bin Liu Enguo Sheng jiangtao zhao Keke Yu State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment Zunyi Normal College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Carbon burial in lake sediments is an important component of the global carbon cycle. However, little is known about the magnitude of carbon sequestered in lake sediments over the arid/semiarid region of China(ASAC).In this study, we estimate both organic and inorganic carbon burial since *AD 1800 based on nine lakes in ASAC,and discuss the most plausible factors controlling carbon burial. Our estimates show that the annual organic carbon burial rate(OCBR) ranges from 5.3 to 129.8 g cm-2year-1(weighted mean of 49.9 g cm-2year-1), leading to a standing stock of 1.1–24.0 kg cm-2(weighted mean of 8.6 kg cm-2)and a regional sum of *108 Tg organic carbon sequestered since *AD 1800. The annual inorganic carbon burial rate(ICBR) ranges from 11.4 to 124.0 g cm-2year-1(weighted mean of 48.3 g cm-2year-1), which is slightly lower than OCBR. The inorganic carbon standing stock ranges from2.4 to 26.0 kg cm-2(weighted mean of 8.1 kg cm-2),resulting in a sum of *101 Tg regional inorganic carbon burial since *AD 1800, which is slightly lower than the organic carbon sequestration. OCBR in ASAC shows a continuously increasing trend since *AD 1950, which is possibly due to the high autochthonous and allochthonous primary production and subsequently high sedimentation rate in the lakes. This increasing carbon burial is possibly related to both climatic changes and enhanced anthropogenic activities, such as land use change, deforestation, and eutrophication in the lake. Furthermore, OCBR and ICBR are expected to continuously increase under the scenario of increasing precipitation and runoff and enhanced anthropogenic *** results of this research show that the buried carbon in lake sediments of the ASAC region constitutes a significant and large carbon pool, which should be considered and integrated into the global carbon cycle.

关键词：西北干旱半干旱地区湖泊沉积物碳库缓冲寄存器全球碳循环加权平均输出通道显示控制

Hydrogen isotopic replacement and microstructure evolution in zirconium deuteride implanted by 150 keV protons

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第10期30卷 85-91页

作者： Man zhao Mingxu Zhang Tao Wang jiangtao zhao Pan Dong Zhen Yang Tieshan Wang School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of Fluid Physics CAEPMianyang 621900China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

Zirconium tritiated(ZrTx)is an alternative target material for deuteron-triton(D-T)reaction neutron *** isotopic replacement and microstructure evolution induced by hydrogen isotope implantation could significantly affect the performance of the target *** this work,the zirconium deuteride film deposited on Mo/Si substrate was implanted by 150 keV protons with fluence from 1×10^(16 ) to 1×10^(18 )protons/cm^(2).After implantation,the depth profiles of retained hydrogen(H)and deuterium(D)in these target films were analyzed by elastic recoil detection analysis(ERDA),and time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS).Additionally,the microstructure evolution was also observed by x-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The D concentration in the ZrDx film decreased versus the proton implantation *** analytical model was proposed to describe the hydrogen isotopic trapping and exchange as functions of incident protons ***,the XRD analysis revealed that no new phase was formed after proton ***,circular flakings were observed on the ZrDx surface from SEM images at fluence up to 1×10^(18) protons/cm^(2),and this surface morphology was considered to associate with the hydrogen atoms congregation in Mo/Si boundary.

关键词： zirconium deuterides isotopic replacement proton implantation microstructure evolution

Aerodynamic/stealth design of S-duct inlet based on discrete adjoint method

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 725-746页

作者： Jun DENG Ke zhao Lin ZHOU Wei ZHANG Bowen SHU jiangtao HUANG Zhenghong GAO School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Aerospace Technology Institute of China Aerodynamic Research and Development CenterMianyang 621000Sichuan ProvinceChina

It is a major challenge for the airframe-inlet design of modern combat aircrafts,as the flow and electromagnetic wave propagation in the inlet of stealth aircraft are very *** this study,an aerodynamic/stealth optimization design method for an S-duct inlet is *** upwind scheme is introduced to the aerodynamic adjoint equation to resolve the shock wave and flow *** multilevel fast multipole algorithm(MLFMA)is utilized for the stealth adjoint equation.A dorsal S-duct inlet of flying wing layout is optimized to improve the aerodynamic and stealth *** the aerodynamic and stealth characteristics of the inlet are effectively ***,the optimization results are analyzed,and it shows that the main contradiction between aerodynamic characteristics and stealth characteristics is the centerline and crosssectional *** S-duct is smoothed,and the cross-sectional area is increased to improve the aerodynamic characteristics,while it is completely opposite for the stealth *** radar cross section(RCS)is reduced by phase cancelation for low frequency *** method is suitable for the aerodynamic/stealth design of the aircraft airframe-inlet system.

关键词： S-duct inlet aerodynamic/stealth optimization design discrete adjoint upwind scheme multilevel fast multipole algorithm(MLFMA)

“新工科”+“新农科”背景下高等农业院校工科专业创新实践人才培养探索与实践

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高等农业教育 2024年第1期 74-81页

作者：赵江涛侯莉霍苗曹冉唐科明漆力健李基栋四川农业大学四川雅安625014

新工科、新农科建设正在引领高等工程教育的深刻变革。未来的高等农业院校工程教育应以创新实践为驱动,整合多个学科领域的知识,培养具备前瞻性交叉思维能力和解决复杂工程问题的综合型创新实践人才,引领未来工程技术的不断发展。本文... 详细信息

新工科、新农科建设正在引领高等工程教育的深刻变革。未来的高等农业院校工程教育应以创新实践为驱动,整合多个学科领域的知识,培养具备前瞻性交叉思维能力和解决复杂工程问题的综合型创新实践人才,引领未来工程技术的不断发展。本文首先对“新农科”的概念及内涵进行了概述,其次介绍了国内外创新实践人才培养的现状和发展趋势,最后针对创新实践课程体系、创新实践课程、创新实践教学体系、创新实践项目等进行了深入研究,并以四川农业大学水利水电工程专业为例,详细阐述了创新实践人才培养的实施路径,期望为新工科与新农科背景下我国高等农业学校工科专业创新实践人才培养提供参考。

关键词：新工科新农科高等农业院校创新实践

Online diagnosis platform for tomato seedling diseases in greenhouse production

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 80-89页

作者： Xin Jin Xiaowu Zhu jiangtao Ji Mingyong Li Xiaolin Xie Bo zhao College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471003HenanChina Science&Technology Innovation Center for Completed Set Equipment Longmen LaboratoryLuoyang 471023HenanChina Institute of Mechatronics Technology and Application China Mechanized Agriculture Science Research Institute Group Co.LtdBeijing 100020China

The facility-based production method is an important stage in the development of modern agriculture,lifting natural light and temperature restrictions and helping to improve agricultural production *** address the problems of difficulty and low accuracy in detecting pests and diseases in the dense production environment of tomato facilities,an online diagnosis platform for tomato plant diseases based on deep learning and cluster fusion was proposed by collecting images of eight major prevalent pests and diseases during the growing period of tomatoes in a facility-based *** diagnostic platform consists of three main parts:pest and disease information detection,clustering and decision-making of detection results,and platform diagnostic ***,based on the You Only Look Once(YOLO)algorithm,the key information of the disease was extracted by adding attention module(CBAM),multi-scale feature fusion was performed using weighted bi-directional feature pyramid network(BiFPN),and the overall construction was designed to be compressed and lightweight;Secondly,the k-means clustering algorithm is used to fuse with the deep learning results to output pest identification decision values to further improve the accuracy of identification applications;Finally,a detection platform was designed and developed using Python,including the front-end,back-end,and database of the system to realize online diagnosis and interaction of tomato plant pests and *** experiment shows that the algorithm detects tomato plant diseases and insect pests with mAP(mean Average Precision)of 92.7%,weights of 12.8 Megabyte(M),inference time of 33.6 *** with the current mainstream single-stage detection series algorithms,the improved algorithm model has achieved better performance;The accuracy rate of the platform diagnosis output pests and diseases information of 91.2%for images and 95.2%for *** is a great significance to tomato pest control research and t

关键词： pest and disease detection YOLO diagnosis platform k-means clustering facility production base

Detection of the farmland plow areas using RGB-D images with an improved YOLOv5 model

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 156-165页

作者： jiangtao Ji Zhihao Han Kaixuan zhao Qianwen Li Shucan Du College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471003HenanChina Science&Technology Innovation Center for Completed Set Equipment Longmen LaboratoryLuoyang 471023HenanChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Machinery Equipment Advanced Manufacturing of Henan Province Luoyang 471003HenanChina School of Art and Design Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471003HenanChina

Recognition of the boundaries of farmland plow areas has an important guiding role in the operation of intelligent agricultural *** precisely recognize these boundaries,a detection method for unmanned tractor plow areas based on RGB-Depth(RGB-D)cameras was proposed,and the feasibility of the detection method was *** method applied advanced computer vision technology to the field of agricultural *** and improving the YOLOv5-seg object segmentation algorithm,first,the Convolutional Block Attention Module(CBAM)was integrated into Concentrated-Comprehensive Convolution Block(C3)to form C3CBAM,thereby enhancing the ability of the network to extract features from plow *** GhostConv module was also utilized to reduce parameter and computational ***,using the depth image information provided by the RGB-D camera combined with the results recognized by the YOLOv5-seg model,the mask image was processed to extract contour boundaries,align the contours with the depth map,and obtain the boundary distance information of the plowed ***,based on farmland information,the calculated average boundary distance was corrected,further improving the accuracy of the distance *** experiment results showed that the YOLOv5-seg object segmentation algorithm achieved a recognition accuracy of 99%for plowed areas and that the ranging accuracy improved with decreasing detection *** ranging error at 5.5 m was approximately 0.056 m,and the average detection time per frame is 29 ms,which can meet the real-time operational *** results of this study can provide precise guarantees for the autonomous operation of unmanned plowing units.

关键词： plow areas RGB-D camera YOLO object segmentation contour boundary average distance

Biomechanical behavior of grass roots at different gauge lengths

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 3201-3214页

作者： FU jiangtao ZHOU Zhe GUO Hong zhao Jimei YU Dongmei WU Jie HU Xiasong School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong 723000China Crop Science postdoctoral research station Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China School of Geological Engineering Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China Qinghai institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China Department of Geographical Science Shaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong 723000China

Gauge length influences the biomechanical properties of herbaceous roots such as tensile resistance,tensile strength and Young’s ***,the extent to which and how these biomechanical properties of herbaceous roots are influenced remain *** better understand the behavior of roots in tension under different conditions and to illustrate these behaviors,uniaxial tensile tests were conducted on the Poa araratica roots as the gauge length increased from 20 mm to 80 ***,ANOVA was used to test the impact of the significant influences of gauge length on the biomechanical properties,nonlinear regression was applied to establish the variation in the biomechanical properties with gauge length to answer the question of the extent to which the biomechanical properties are influenced,and Weibull models were subsequently introduced to illustrate how the biomechanical properties are influenced by gauge *** results reveal that(1)the variation in biomechanical properties with root diameter depends on both the gauge length and the properties themselves;(2)the gauge length significantly impacts most of the biomechanical properties;(3)the tensile resistance,tensile strength,and tensile strain at cracks decrease as the gauge length increases,with values decreasing by 20%-300%,while Young’s modulus exhibits the opposite trend,with a corresponding increase of 30%;and(4)the Weibull distribution is suitable for describing the probability distribution of these biomechanical properties;the Weibull modulus for both tensile resistance and tensile strain at cracks linearly decrease with gauge length,whereas those for tensile strength and Young’s modulus exhibit the opposite *** tensile resistance,tensile strength,and tensile strain at the cracks linearly decrease with increasing gauge length,while the tensile strength and Young’s modulus linearly increase with increasing gauge length.

关键词： Biomechanical properties of roots Weibull distribution ANOVA Uniaxial tensile test Linear regression

Design and experiment of a picking robot for Agaricus bisporus based on machine vision

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 67-76页

作者： jiangtao Ji Shucan Du Mengsong Li Xuefeng Zhu Kaixuan zhao Shihao Zhang Xiang Ji College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471003HenanChina Science&Technology Innovation Center for Completed Set Equipment Longmen LaboratoryLuoyang 471023HenanChina

Harvesting represents the crucial stage in the cultivation process of Agaricus bisporus *** important way for the production process of Agaricus bisporus to reduce costs and increase income is to ensure timely harvest of Agaricus bisporus,reduce harvesting costs,and improve harvesting *** are many disadvantages in manual picking,such as high labor intensity,time-consuming work and high *** this study,a set of mushroom picking platform including climbing mechanism,picking robot,and control system was designed and *** picking robot consisted of a truss mechanism,an image acquisition device,a mushroom collection device,and a picking *** profile picking actuator could realize the function of constant force *** online size detection algorithm for Agaricus bisporus based on deep image processing was *** algorithm included removal of abnormal noise points,background segmentation,coordinate conversion,and diameter *** precision picking system for Agaricus bisporus with coordinate compensation function controlled by Industrial Personal Computer was designed,and the visual control interface was developed based on *** the performance test,the reliability of machine vision recognition and the overall operating stability of the picking platform were *** test results showed that in the process of machine vision recognition,the recognition accuracy rate was higher than 92.50%,the missed detection rate was lower than 4.95%,the false detection rate was lower than 2.15%,and the diameter measurement error was less than 4.50%.The image processing algorithm had high recognition rate and small diameter measurement error,which could meet the requirements of picking *** picking platform’s picking success rate was higher than 95.45%,the picking damage rate was lower than 3.57%,and the picking output rate was higher than 87.09%.Compared with manual picking,the recognition accuracy rate of t

关键词： Agaricus bisporus picking platform machine vision robot