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Life forms affect beta-diversity patterns of larch forests in China

Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 49-58页

作者： Wenjing Fang Qiong Cai Chengjun Ji jiangling zhu Zhiyao Tang Jingyun Fang School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Beta-diversity reflects the spatial changes in community species composition which helps to understand how communities are assembled and biodiversity is formed and maintained. Larch(Larix) forests, which are coniferous forests widely distributed in the mountainous and plateau areas in North and Southwest China, are critical for maintaining the environmental conditions and species diversity. Few studies of larch forests have examined the beta-diversity and its constituent components(species turnover and nestedness-resultant components). Here, we used 483 larch forest plots to determine the total betadiversity and its components in different life forms(i.e., tree, shrub, and herb) of larch forests in China and to evaluate the main drivers that underlie this beta-diversity. We found that total betadiversity of larch forests was mainly dependent on the species turnover component. In all life forms,total beta-diversity and the species turnover component increased with increasing geographic, elevational, current climatic, and paleoclimatic distances. In contrast, the nestedness-resultant component decreased across these same distances. Geographic and environmental factors explained 20%-25% of total beta-diversity, 18%-27% of species turnover component, and 4%-16% of nestedness-resultant component. Larch forest types significantly affected total beta-diversity and species turnover component. Taken together, our results indicate that life forms affect beta-diversity patterns of larch forests in China, and that beta-diversity is driven by both niche differentiation and dispersal limitation. Our findings help to greatly understand the mechanisms of community assemblies of larch forests in China.

关键词： Beta-diversity Species turnover Nestedness-resultant Geographic distance Climatic distance Larch forest

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拉丁美洲主要国家碳中和状况分析及对我国的启示

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地理与地理信息科学 2024年第2期40卷 106-115页

作者：崔倩杨晨朱江玲大连外国语大学欧洲语言学院辽宁大连116044 北京大学城市与环境学院北京大学生态研究中心地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室北京100871

巴西、墨西哥、阿根廷和智利4个拉美国家社会经济发展与我国处于相似阶段,分析其碳排放特征、评估其碳中和政策的成效,对我国碳中和实现路径的探索具有借鉴意义。该文利用拉美4国的化石燃料碳排放、陆地碳收支等数据,分析其1990—2016... 详细信息

巴西、墨西哥、阿根廷和智利4个拉美国家社会经济发展与我国处于相似阶段,分析其碳排放特征、评估其碳中和政策的成效,对我国碳中和实现路径的探索具有借鉴意义。该文利用拉美4国的化石燃料碳排放、陆地碳收支等数据,分析其1990—2016年碳排放及陆地生态系统碳收支特征及驱动因素;系统梳理拉美4国长期减排目标相关政策规划,采用情景分析方法评估各国2017—2050年的减排成效和碳中和状况。研究表明:①经济增长和人口膨胀是驱动拉美4国碳排放量上升的主要原因,但墨西哥、阿根廷和智利的能源强度变化一定程度上抑制了碳排放量增加;陆地生态系统碳收支主要受毁林活动强度和森林碳汇功能影响,巴西、阿根廷因毁林活动较强远离碳中和目标,但墨西哥和智利的陆地生态系统能吸收部分化石燃料碳排放,其中智利大致接近碳中和状态。②情景预测结果显示,现有政策规划可实现巴西2025年和2030年阶段性目标、阿根廷2030年阶段性目标以及智利2050年碳中和目标,可使巴西基本接近2050年碳中和目标,但在实现阿根廷2050年碳中和目标以及墨西哥各阶段性目标上存在困难。基于研究结果提出我国在碳中和实现路径和方案探索中,应注重推动能源结构整体优化、持续提升能源利用效率、充分发掘陆地生态系统碳汇潜力等建议。

关键词：碳中和化石燃料陆地生态系统碳排放碳汇

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Patterns of grassland community composition and structure along an elevational gradient on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第4期15卷 808-817页

作者： Xin Wang jiangling zhu Shitao Peng Tianli Zheng Zhaoyu Qi Jianbo Hu Chengjun Ji State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020China Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental ScienceKey Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Environmental Science and Technology Research Center Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport EngineeringM.O.T.Tianjin 300456China

Grasslands in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau play an important role in preserving ecological security and high biodiversity in this ***,the distribution of the composition and structure of plant community and the mechanism by which it maintains itself in this region are still poorly ***,we designed 195 grassland plots in 39 grassland sites along an approximately 1700 m elevation gradient on the Northeastern Qinghai–Tibet *** found that the grassland community height decreased significantly with increasing elevation,whereas community coverage did not significantly *** increasing elevation,plant species richness(αdiversity)increased significantly,but the community variability(βdiversity)decreased *** constrained clustering analysis suggested that theα-andβ-diversity in the grasslands transformed gradually with elevation,and that three discontinuous points(based on community structure)were observed at elevation of 3640,4252 and 4333 *** equation modeling(SEM)indicated that the increase in precipitation and the decrease in temperature significantly positively influencedαdiversity,which was negatively correlated withβ*** results demonstrate a quantitative-to-qualitative change in the community composition and structure along this elevational gradient on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.

关键词： alpha diversity beta diversity elevational gradient Qinghai–Tibet Plateau discontinuous points

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The structural characteristics and climatic and human impacts of deciduous oak forests in China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第2期15卷 265-276页

作者： Guoping Chen Qiong Cai Wenjing Fang Yuhao Feng jiangling zhu Chengjun Ji Zhiyao Tang Jingyun Fang Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Deciduous oak forest is one of the typical vegetation types in temperate and subtropical mountain zones in ***,the patterns and determinants of the structural characteristics of these forests remain poorly *** investigated 682 oak forest plots across China to characterize the community structures of the oak forests and analyze the underlying factors controlling their spatial *** all plots,the overall mean values were 13.7 cm,10.0 m,1468 stems/ha and 24.3 m^(2)/ha for the diameter at breast height(DBH),height,stem density and total basal area(TBA)of trees,*** average species richness was 6 species/600 m^(2),10 species/100 m^(2) and 4 species/1 m^(2) for the tree,shrub and herb layers,*** latitude increased,the mean tree height,stem density,TBA,tree species richness and shrub species richness decreased,and the mean DBH did not show a significant trend,while species richness of herbs increased *** and anthropogenic variables could explain more variations in mean DBH,mean tree height,TBA,tree species richness,shrub species richness than those in stem density and herb species *** analysis showed that precipitation-related climatic factors were major factors shaping the spatial patterns of community *** findings provide a basis for recognizing the biogeographic patterns of oak forest structures and their responses to global change in China.

关键词： Quercus deciduous oak forests structural characteristics climate human disturbance China

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Environmental heterogeneity regulates species-area relationships through the spatial distribution of species

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第3期9卷 357-365页

作者： Chenqi He Leqi Fang Xinyu Xiong Fan Fan Yangang Li Luoshu He Xiaoli Shen Sheng Li Chengjun Ji jiangling zhu Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencesKey Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing100871China School of Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China

Species-area relationships(SARs),also known as species-area curves,are fundamental scaling tools for biodiversity *** design and taxonomic groups affect the widely cited forms of species-area ***,the influence of sampling design and related environmental heterogeneity on SAR curves is rarely ***,we investigated the SAR among different plant life forms(herbaceous plants,shrubs,and trees)in a 25.2-ha ForestGEO plot,the Wanglang Plot,in Sichuan,southwestern China,using a non-contiguous quadrat sampling method and power-law *** compared the estimated parameters(the intercept c and the slope z)of the power-law models among different plant life forms,tested whether the SAR curve forms varied with sampling starting location,and assessed the effect of environmental heterogeneity accumulating with sampling area on curve *** found a wider range of variations in the *** estimated c,z-values of power SAR were higher for the herbaceous plants than for the woody plants.A wider variation of SARs for the herbaceous plants than those for the woody *** selection of sampling starting location affected the SAR curve forms because of the roles of soil and topographic *** concluded that environmental heterogeneity regulates SAR curves sampled from different starting locations through spatial distribution of plant life ***,we recommend considering the design of sampling starting location when constructing SAR curves,especially in a heterogeneous habitat with unrandom distribution patterns of species.

关键词： Plants life forms Species-area curves Sampling design Spatial pattern Species diversity

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A test of the mycorrhizal-associated nutrient economy framework in two types of tropical rainforests under nutrient enrichments

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第1期10卷 12-20页

作者： Qingshui Yu Suhui Ma Xiaofeng Ni Lai Jiang Zhang Zhou jiangling zhu Chengjun Ji Zhiyao Tang Xiaoli Cheng Jingyun Fang Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencesKey Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Research Institute of Tropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryGuangzhou 510520China Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming650091China

Shifts in tree species and their mycorrhizal associations driven by global change play key roles in biogeochemical cycles. In this paper, we proposed a framework of the mycorrhizal-associated nutrient economy(MANE), and tested it using nutrient addition experiments conducted in two tropical rainforests. We selected two tropical rainforests dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) and ectomycorrhizal(ECM) trees, and established eighteen20 m×20 m plots in each rainforest. Six nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) addition treatments were randomly distributed in each rainforest with three replicates. We examined the differences in soil carbon(C) and nutrient cycling, plant and litter productivity between the two rainforests and their responses to 10-year inorganic N and P additions. We also quantified the P pools of plants, roots, litter, soil and microbes in the two rainforests. Overall,distinct MANE frameworks were applicable for tropical rainforests, in which soil C, N and P were cycled primarily in an inorganic form in the AM-dominated rainforest, whereas they were cycled in an organic form in the ECMdominated rainforest. Notably, the effects of mycorrhizal types on soil P cycling were stronger than those on C and N cycling. The intensified N and P deposition benefited the growth of AM-dominated rainforests instead of ECMdominated rainforests. Our findings underpin the key role of mycorrhizal types in regulating biogeochemical processes, and have important implications for predicting the ecological consequences of global changes.

关键词： Nutrient cycling Nutrient addition Mycorrhizal association Arbuscular mycorrhiza Ectomycorrhiza Tropical rainforest

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Aboveground biomass and its biotic and abiotic modulators of a main food bamboo of the giant panda in a subalpine spruce-fir forest in southwestern China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第1期15卷 1-12页

作者： Xinyu Xiong jiangling zhu Sheng Li Fan Fan Qiong Cai Suhui Ma Haojie Su Chengjun Ji Zhiyao Tang Jingyun Fang Institute of Ecology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

As one of the main food bamboo species of the giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca),Fargesia denudata is widely distributed in the understory of spruce-fir forests in the mountainous area of southwestern ***,the driving factors of its biomass and distribution in the forests are still *** conducted a systematic investigation of the tree and shrub layers(including bamboos)of 209 subplots(20 m×20 m)in a Forest Global Earth Observatory plot,the Wanglang Plot(25.2 ha),to explore the effects of abiotic(topographic and soil characteristics)and biotic(tree density,total basal area(TBA),shrub coverage,etc.)factors on the aboveground biomass of ***(bamboo biomass hereafter).Bamboo biomass averaged 1.17 ton/ha,with a large variation from 0 to 4.88 ton/ha(95%confidence interval)among the 209 *** biomass increased significantly with elevation,slope and mean diameter at breast height of trees,and decreased significantly with tree density,shrub coverage and soil ***,bamboo biomass was not significantly correlated with tree TBA,aspect,soil organic matter or total nitrogen *** random forest model indicated that topographic factors and biotic factors had greater influences on the bamboo biomass than soil characteristics in ***,topographic factors mainly affected the bamboo biomass by changing tree density and soil *** results can provide valuable guidance for the protection of giant pandas and the management of subalpine spruce-fir forests.

关键词： aboveground biomass community structure Fargesia denudata spruce-fir forests topography

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When will China achieve its carbon emission peak?

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National Science Review 2016年第1期3卷 8-12页

作者： Tianli Zheng jiangling zhu Shaopeng Wang Jingyun Fang Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Scienceand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Climate Change Research Center Academic Divisions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Peking University

Global warming is primarily attributed to the significant increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration,which is caused mainly by carbon emissions generated from fossil fuel combustion[1].Efficient measures are required t... 详细信息

关键词： CEI When will China achieve its carbon emission peak GDP will OECD

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Global warming, human-induced carbon emissions, and their uncertainties

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第10期54卷 1458-1468页

作者： FANG JingYun zhu jiangling WANG ShaoPeng YUE Chao SHEN HaiHua Department of Ecology Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing 100871 China Climate Change Research Center Academic Divisions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences at Peking University Beijing 100871 China

In recent decades, there have been a number of debates on climate warming and its driving forces. Based on an extensive literature review, we suggest that （1） climate warming occurs with great uncertainty in the magnitude of the temperature increase; （2） both human activities and natural forces contribute to climate change, but their relative contributions are difficult to quan- tify; and （3） the dominant role of the increase in the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases （including CO2） in the global warming claimed by the Intergovernrnental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC） is questioned by the scientific communities because of large uncertainties in the mechanisms of natural factors and anthropogenic activities and in the sources of the increased atmospheric CO2 concentration. More efforts should be made in order to clarify these uncertainties.

关键词： carbon emissions climate change global warming human activities natural forces uncertainty

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Patterns and determinants of wood physical and mechanical properties across major tree species in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第6期58卷 602-612页

作者： zhu jiangling SHI Yue FANG LeQi LIU XingE JI ChengJun College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Technology Wuhan University International Center for Bamboo and Rattan

The physical and mechanical properties of wood affect the growth and development of trees, and also act as the main criteria when determining wood usage. Our understanding on patterns and controls of wood physical and mechanical properties could provide benefits for forestry management and bases for wood application and forest tree breeding. However, current studies on wood properties mainly focus on wood density and ignore other wood physical properties. In this study, we established a comprehensive database of wood physical properties across major tree species in China. Based on this database, we explored spatial patterns and driving factors of wood properties across major tree species in China. Our results showed that(i) compared with wood density, air-dried density, tangential shrinkage coefficient and resilience provide more accuracy and higher explanation power when used as the evaluation index of wood physical properties.(ii) Among life form, climatic and edaphic variables, life form is the dominant factor shaping spatial patterns of wood physical properties, climatic factors the next, and edaphic factors have the least effects, suggesting that the effects of climatic factors on spatial variations of wood properties are indirectly induced by their effects on species distribution.

关键词： wood density shrinkage coefficient resilience geographic pattern environmental factors

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