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Fixation of hybrid sterility genes and favorable alleles of key yield-related genes with dominance contribute to the high yield of the Yongyou series of intersubspecific hybrid rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第5期49卷 448-457页

作者： Pengfei Wang Feixiang Qi Honglin Yao Xingbing Xu Wenjun Li jianghu meng Qinglu Zhang Weibo Xie Yongzhong Xing National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

In rice,the Yongyou series of Xian-Geng intersubspecific hybrids have excellent production performance,as shown by their extremely high ***,the mechanisms underlying the success of these rice hybrids are *** this study,three F2 populations are generated from three Yongyou hybrids to determine the genetic basis of the extremely high yield of intersubspecific *** constitution analysis reveals that the female and male parental lines belong to the Geng and Xian subspecies,respectively,although introgression of 20%of the Xian ancestry and 14%of the Geng ancestry are ***-five percent of the hybrid genomes carries homozygous Xian or Geng fragments,which harbors hybrid sterility genes such as Sd,Sc,f5,and q S12 and favorable alleles of key yield-related genes,including NAL1,Ghd7,and *** of the parents carries the S5+killer of the S5 killer-protector *** allele combinations of hybrid sterility genes ensure the fertility of these intersubspecific hybrids and overcome the bottleneck in applying intersubspecific *** effects of favorable alleles of yield-related genes fixed in both parents enhances midparent *** QTLs for yield and its key component spikelets per panicle shows dominance and the net positive dominant effects lead to *** factors result in an extremely high yield of the *** findings will aid in the development of new intersubspecific rice hybrids with diverse genetic backgrounds.

关键词： Intersubspecific hybrid Heterosis Fertility Introgression Favorable alleles Dominance

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BSA-seq-based identification of a major additive plant height QTL with an effect equivalent to that of Semi-dwarf 1 in a large rice F_(2) population

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The Crop Journal 2021年第6期9卷 1428-1437页

作者： Bo Zhang Feixiang Qi Gang Hu Yikai Yang Li Zhang jianghu meng Zhongmin Han Xiangchun Zhou Haiyang Liu Mohammed Ayaad Yongzhong Xing National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434100HubeiChina Plant Research Department Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy AuthorityAbo-Zaabal 13759Egypt

Bulked-segregant analysis is a time-and cost-saving strategy for identifying major quantitative trait loci(QTL) in a mapping population. Bulked-segregant analysis combined with whole-genome sequencing(BSA-seq) was performed to rapidly identify QTL for heading date, plant height, and panicle length in a large F_(2) population derived from two landraces: Chuan 7(C7) and Haoboka(HBK). Twenty plants with extremely low or high phenotypic values for the target traits were selected from an F_(2) population of 940 plants to construct low-and high-value bulks. Three pairs of bulks for the three traits were constructed, resulting in six DNA pools. BSA-seq revealed nine QTL: four for heading date, three for plant height, and two for panicle length. These QTL were validated in a random F_(2) population or BC_(4)F_(2) populations. The major novel plant height QTL, qPH8, acting additively with an effect equivalent to that of semi-dwarf 1(sd1), is potentially valuable for hybrid rice breeding. qPH8 controls mainly the elongation of basal internodes. The C7 allele of qPH8 reduces plant height and increases lodging resistance without yield penalty, suggesting a potential role for qPH8 in improving rice plant architecture.

关键词： F_(2) Bulked-segregant analysis BC_(4)F_(2) QTL validation Lodging resistance

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BSA-seq-based identification of a major additive plant height QTL with an effect equivalent to that of Semi-dwarf 1 in a large rice F₂ population

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The Crop Journal 2021年第6期

作者： Bo Zhang Feixiang Qi Gang Hu Yikai Yang Li Zhang jianghu meng Zhongmin Han Xiangchun Zhou Haiyang Liu Mohammed Ayaad Yongzhong Xing

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An accurate detection algorithm for time backtracked projectile-induced water columns based on the improved YOLO network

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2023年第4期34卷 981-991页

作者： LUO Yasong XU jianghu FENG Chengxu ZHANG Kun College of Weapon Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan 430033China Unit 91115 of the PLA Zhoushan 316000China

During a sea firing training,the intelligent detection of projectile-induced water column targets in a firing video is the prerequisite for and critical to the automatic calculation of miss distance,while the correct and precise calculation of miss distance is directly affected by the accuracy,false alarm rate and time delay of *** analyzing the characteristics of projectile-induced water columns,an accurate detection algorithm for time backtracked projectile-induced water columns based on the improved you only look once(YOLO)network is put *** capability and accuracy of detecting projectileinduced water column targets with the conventional YOLO network are improved by optimizing the anchor box through K-means clustering and embedding the squeeze and excitation(SE)attention *** detection area is limited by adopting a sea-sky line detection algorithm based on gray level co-occurrence matrix(GLCM),so as to effectively eliminate such disturbances as ocean waves and ship wakes,and lower the false alarm rate of projectile-induced water column *** improved algorithm increases the mAP50 of water column detection by 30.3%.On the basis of correct detection,a time backtracking algorithm is designed with mean shift to track images containing projectile-induced water column in reverse time *** accurately detects a projectile-induced water column at the time of its initial appearance as well as its pixel position in images,and considerably reduces detection delay,so as to provide the support for the automatic,accurate,and real-time calculation of miss distance.

关键词： object recognition projectile-induced water column you only look once(YOLO) K-means squeeze and excitation(SE) mean shift

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The multifractal spectrum of a sea clutter using a random walk model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2017年第9期36卷 23-26页

作者： HE Jingbo XU jianghu Electronics Engineering College Naval University of Engineering Wuhan 430033 China

The radar echo signal of a sea clutter is nonlinear, nonstationary and time varying. A multifractal measure analysis can describe the local singularity of a physics system. The random walk model of a sea clutter scattering is analysed to disclose the intrinsic physical characteristics and laws of the sea clutter. Stochastic differential equations are given for the physical quality of the sea clutter. A diffusion process model is established using It o formula. The singularity of the random walk model is tested by a multifractal spectroscopy, and the accuracy of this model is proven by the multifractal spectroscopy of a real-life IPIX radar data set. Thus, the random walk model is effective for describing the dynamics mechanism of the sea clutter.

关键词： random walk sea clutter multifractal

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Variations in monsoon precipitation over southwest China during the last 1500 years and possible driving forces

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第5期65卷 949-965页

作者： Bin LIU Enguo SHENG Keke YU Kang’en ZHOU jianghu LAN College of Resources and Environment Zunyi Normal UniversityZunyi 563006China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Disasters Monitoring&Mechanism Simulation Baoji University of Arts and SciencesBaoji 721013China School of Earth System Science Institute of Surface-Earth System ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Understanding hydroclimatic patterns and their possible driving mechanisms during distinct climate periods over the last 1500 years—such as the Medieval Warm Period(MWP),the Little Ice Age(LIA),and the Current Warm Period—is crucial for predicting future changes to monsoon precipitation in southwest China under global warming *** this study,based on ^(210)Pb and ^(137)Cs dating of surface sediments and AMS ^(14)C dating of terrestrial plant residues,we establish a robust age model that covers the last~1500 years(AD 439–2012)at Lake Yihai in southwest *** use analyses of multiple geochemical proxy indices,including loss on ignition at 550℃,total organic carbon,total nitrogen,C/N ratios,and stable carbon isotopes of organic matter to reconstruct changes in summer monsoon precipitation at Lake Yihai during the last~1500 *** results show that,over southwest China,warm and dry climate conditions prevailed during the MWP(AD 1000–1400)and the past 200 years,whereas conditions during the LIA(AD 1400–1800)were cold and *** is consistent with evidence from other geological records over southwest China,such as stalagmite and lake sediment *** hydroclimatic patterns have occurred over the last 1500 years in adjacent tropical/subtropical monsoon regions where the climate is similarly dominated by the Indian summer monsoon(e.g.,South China,the South China Sea,Southeast Asia,Northeast India).We suggest that the meridional migration of the mean position of the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone,and El Niño/Southern Oscillation conditions which are linked to tropical Pacific sea surface temperature,are responsible for centennial-scale hydroclimatic patterns over southwest China and adjacent areas during the last 1500 years.

关键词： Lake sediments Southwest China Monsoon precipitation Distinct climate periods Inter-tropical Convergence Zone

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A large carbon pool in lake sediments over the arid/semiarid region, NW China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2015年第3期34卷 289-298页

作者： jianghu Lan Hai Xu Bin Liu Enguo Sheng Jiangtao Zhao Keke Yu State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment Zunyi Normal College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Carbon burial in lake sediments is an important component of the global carbon cycle. However, little is known about the magnitude of carbon sequestered in lake sediments over the arid/semiarid region of China(ASAC).In this study, we estimate both organic and inorganic carbon burial since *AD 1800 based on nine lakes in ASAC,and discuss the most plausible factors controlling carbon burial. Our estimates show that the annual organic carbon burial rate(OCBR) ranges from 5.3 to 129.8 g cm-2year-1(weighted mean of 49.9 g cm-2year-1), leading to a standing stock of 1.1–24.0 kg cm-2(weighted mean of 8.6 kg cm-2)and a regional sum of *108 Tg organic carbon sequestered since *AD 1800. The annual inorganic carbon burial rate(ICBR) ranges from 11.4 to 124.0 g cm-2year-1(weighted mean of 48.3 g cm-2year-1), which is slightly lower than OCBR. The inorganic carbon standing stock ranges from2.4 to 26.0 kg cm-2(weighted mean of 8.1 kg cm-2),resulting in a sum of *101 Tg regional inorganic carbon burial since *AD 1800, which is slightly lower than the organic carbon sequestration. OCBR in ASAC shows a continuously increasing trend since *AD 1950, which is possibly due to the high autochthonous and allochthonous primary production and subsequently high sedimentation rate in the lakes. This increasing carbon burial is possibly related to both climatic changes and enhanced anthropogenic activities, such as land use change, deforestation, and eutrophication in the lake. Furthermore, OCBR and ICBR are expected to continuously increase under the scenario of increasing precipitation and runoff and enhanced anthropogenic *** results of this research show that the buried carbon in lake sediments of the ASAC region constitutes a significant and large carbon pool, which should be considered and integrated into the global carbon cycle.

关键词：西北干旱半干旱地区湖泊沉积物碳库缓冲寄存器全球碳循环加权平均输出通道显示控制

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Concept, configuration, and application of on-board nanogrids for use in electric vehicles

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2053-2073页

作者： ZHAO Bing LI Yong WU Fang WAN jianghu CAI JiuQing YANG HaiTao LIU Fang College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute Wuhan 430000China School of Automation Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Against the backdrop of increasingly serious climate change, researchers are attempting to extend macroscale carbon reduction research to smaller scales. With the rapid development and widespread application of electric vehicles(EVs), an effective approach for carbon reduction based on EVs has the potential to be developed. To coordinate and manage the EV platform in diverse application scenarios, the concept of an on-board nanogrid(OBNG), in which a nanogrid is combined with the EV, is proposed and defined, and the characteristics summarized. A configuration that includes a physical layer with the on-board hardware system;an information layer for logical control, energy management, and communication coordination;and an application layer that can cope with different working environments is proposed. A detailed introduction to the basic architecture and management mode of each layer is provided along with information concerning the relevant technologies for coordinated operation. New ideas and approaches to improve the existing performance are proposed, and finally, combined with a background of smart and low-carbon cities, major application scenarios are envisioned.

关键词： electric vehicle nanogrid energy management hybrid energy storage power electronics converter

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Biogenic silica contents of Lake Qinghai sediments and its environmental significance

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2014年第4期8卷 573-581页

作者： Bin LIU Hai XU jianghu LAN Enguo SHENG Shuai CHE Xinying ZHOU State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710075 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Laboratory of Human Evolution and Archeological Science Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China

Changes in the levels ofbiogenic silica （BSi%） in lake sediments have been widely used in order to study lake productivity and palaeoclimatic changes. However, the provenance of biogenic silica （BSi） needs to be investigated for each lake, especially for large lakes, as does the relationship between levels of BSi and relevant environmental factors. In this study, we measured the percentage of BSi contained in lake sediments, river sediments, and surface soils within the Lake Qinghai catchment, and compared the quantities and shapes of diatoms and phytoliths before and after the extraction processes. The results suggest that BSi in lake sediments is primarily derived from endogenous diatoms; therefore, BSi levels can be used to reflect the changes in primary productivity within the lake. Further comparisons showed that on long-term timescales, the variations in BSi% are generally consistent with those in total organic carbon （TOC） and grain size, reflecting the dominant impacts of precipitation on primary productivity in Lake Qinghai. On short-term timescales, however, the relationship between BSi% and TOC and that between BSi% and grain size are not clear or stable. For example, BSi% sometimes covaried with grain size, but it was sometimes out of phase with or even inversely related to grain size. We speculate that both climate and environmental processes, such as the dilution effect, influence short-term BSi% and its related environmental significance. As a result, BSi% should be used selectively as an indicator of climatic changes on different time scales.

关键词： biogenic silica environmental significance,Lake Qinghai precipitation

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Nonvolatile resistive memory and synaptic learning using hybrid flexible memristor based on combustion synthesized Mn-ZnO

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第24期119卷 123-130页

作者： Qi Xue Tao Hang jianghu Liang Chun-Chao Chen Yunwen Wu Huiqin Ling Ming Li State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Memristors have been seen as promising candidates for next-generation nonvolatile memory and neuromorphic ***-processed memristors can offer many advantages,such as low-cost fabrication,large-area uniformity,and high ***,the high annealing temperature of the solution process and unsatisfactory performance are impeding the advancement of flexible *** this work,the combustion method was proposed to fabricate the Mn-ZnO-based memristor without a hightemperature process on the flexible *** device demonstrates stable bipolar resistive switching behavior with ultralow switching voltage(-0.6 V/0.71 V),high on/off ratio(>2×10~3),multilevel storage capability,and uniform resistance distribution(σ/μ=18%/16%).The flexible device with a bend radius of 10 mm shows no obvious performance degeneration compared with the device in the flat ***,tunable repetitively synaptic weight was achieved by the *** plasticity functions,such as excitatory postsynaptic current,paired-pulse facilitation,and learning/forgetting behaviors,have been *** work provides a simple and feasible strategy for fabricating the flexible highperformance memristor,with the expectation to facilitate the development of flexible electronics.

关键词： Memristor Flexible Combustion synthesis Synaptic plasticity Mn-ZnO

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