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Simulating the impacts of fishing on central and eastern tropical Pacific ecosystem using multispecies size-spectrum model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第3期41卷 34-43页

作者： Qinqin Lin Yuying Zhang jiangfeng zhu College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources of Ministry of Education Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University(Biscayne Bay Campus)North Miami BeachFL 33181USA

The size-spectrum model has been considered a useful tool for understanding the structures of marine ecosystems and examining management implications for fisheries.Based on Chinese tuna longline observer data from the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean and published data,we developed and calibrated a multispecies size-spectrum model of twenty common and commercially important species in this area.We then use the model to project the status of the species from 2016 to 2050 under five constant-fishing-mortality management scenarios:(1)F=0;(2)F=F_(recent),the average fishing mortality from 2013 to 2015;(3)F=0.5F_(recent);(4)F=2F_(recent) and(5)F=3F_(recent).Several ecological indicators were used to track the dynamics of the community structure under different levels of fishing,including the mean body weight,slope of community size spectra(Slope),and total biomass.The validation demonstrated that size-at-age data of nine main catch species between our model predictions and those empirical data from assessments by the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission matched well,with the R^(2)>0.9.The direct effect of fishing was the decreasing abundance of large-sized individuals.The mean body weight in the community decreased by~1500 g(21%)by 2050 when F doubled from F_(recent) to 2F_(recent).The higher the fishing mortality,the steeper the Slope was.The projection also indicated that fishing impacts reflected by the total biomass did not increase proportionally with the increasing fishing mortality.The biomass of the main target tuna species was still abundant over the projection period under the recent fishing mortality,except Albacore tuna(Thunnus alalunga).For sharks and billfishes,their biomass remained at relatively higher levels only under the F=0 scenario.The results can serve as a scientific reference for alternative management strategies in the tropical Pacific Ocean.

关键词： tropical Pacific size-spectrum model ecosystem fishing effect

Using data-limited approaches to assess data-rich Indian Ocean bigeye tuna:Data quantity evaluation and critical information for management implications

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第3期41卷 11-23页

作者： Ya'nan Li jiangfeng zhu Xiaojie Dai Dan Fu Yong Chen College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China School of Marine Sciences University of MaineOronoME 04469USA Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai 201306China Indian Ocean Tuna Commission Victoria 361Seychelles

The majority of fishery stocks in the world are data limited,which limits formal stock assessments.Identifying the impacts of input data on stock assessment is critical for improving stock assessment and developing precautionary management strategies.We compare catch advice obtained from applications of various datalimited methods(DLMs)with forecasted catch advice from existing data-rich stock assessment models for the Indian Ocean bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus).Our goal was to evaluate the consistency of catch advice derived from data-rich methods and data-limited approaches when only a subset of data is available.The Stock Synthesis(SS)results were treated as benchmarks for comparison because they reflect the most comprehensive and best possible scientific information of the stock.This study indicated that although the DLMs examined appeared robust for the Indian Ocean bigeye tuna,the implied catch advice differed between data-limited approaches and the current assessment,due to different data inputs and model assumptions.Most DLMs tended to provide more optimistic catch advice compared with the SS,which was mostly influenced by historical catches,current abundance and depletion estimates,and natural mortality,but was less sensitive to life-history parameters(particularly those related to growth).This study highlights the utility of DLMs and their implications on catch advice for the management of tuna stocks.

关键词： stock assessment bigeye tuna data-limited fisheries management Indian Ocean

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渔业捕捞策略方法的理论、应用和未来挑战

大连海洋大学学报 2024年第1期39卷 1-8页

作者：朱江峰上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院上海201306 大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室上海201306 农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室上海201306

传统的渔业资源管理决策方法自20世纪50年代开始发展,通过收集数据和评估种群资源状况,提出科学管理建议,并通过管理制度实施管理措施。传统方法在资源评估中常具有较大的不确定性,导致管理建议也具有较大的不确定性。自20世纪80—90年... 详细信息

传统的渔业资源管理决策方法自20世纪50年代开始发展,通过收集数据和评估种群资源状况,提出科学管理建议,并通过管理制度实施管理措施。传统方法在资源评估中常具有较大的不确定性,导致管理建议也具有较大的不确定性。自20世纪80—90年代开始,随着计算机模拟技术的发展,捕捞策略(管理程序)方法在渔业管理中的应用不断发展,目前已发展成为一套较为成熟、完整的渔业资源量化管理方法体系,并在海洋哺乳动物保护、经济鱼类资源开发与养护中发挥重要作用。相对而言,捕捞策略方法在中国的应用和研究较少。本文综述了传统渔业资源管理决策的基本过程,以及捕捞策略方法的特点、优势和面临挑战,提出了在管理措施能够有效实施的前提下,运用捕捞策略有利于促进渔业资源的科学管理和长期可持续利用。针对考虑运用管理策略评价建立捕捞策略的渔业,提出未来应加强渔业与种群生物学基础数据收集、加强种群模拟技术研究与能力建设,以及加快适用于严重衰退渔业资源捕捞策略新方法的开发与应用等建议,以期为中国应用捕捞策略方法进行渔业资源管理决策提供参考。

关键词：渔业资源捕捞策略管理策略资源评估

Spatial variation in bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus size at sexual maturity in the eastern Pacific Ocean

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第5期8卷 572-578页

作者： Hongji Huang Cheng Zhou Liuxiong Xu jiangfeng zhu Xuefang Wang Jie Cao College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean University999 Huchenghuan RoadLingang New DistrictShanghai201306PR China National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries Shanghai201306China Department of Applied Ecology Center for Marine Sciences and TechnologyNorth Carolina State UniversityMorehead CityNC28557USA

Understanding the reproductive characteristics of a species is of crucial for accurate stock assessment and management plans to ensure sustainable fisheries.In this study,the size at 50%sexual maturity(L50)parameters in different bio-ecological provinces were estimated for bigeye tuna,Thunnus obesus,sampled from the Eastern Pacific Ocean tuna fisheries-dependent survey from 2013 to 2019.The overall sex ratio of the catch during the sampling differed significantly from 1:1.Bigeye tuna exhibit sexual dimorphism in the growth of males and females,with a clear shift in predominance from female to male with increasing sizes.In the North Pacific Sub-tropical Gyre(east)(NPST-east),North Pacific Tropical Gyre(NPTG),Pacific North Equatorial Countercurrent(PNEC),and Pacific Equatorial Divergence(PEQD),females(meals)reached sexual maturity round 102 cm(106 cm),106 cm(100 cm),125 cm(110 cm),and 113 cm(110 cm),respectively,the estimated L50 of bigeye tuna was 124.08 cm,121.97 cm,139.92 cm and 132.45 cm,respectively.The degree of populations mixing between equatorial(PNEC and PEQD)and high-latitude regions(NPST-east and NPTG)is extremely small,but it is reasonably high between the NPST-east and NPTG or PNEC and PEQD.These parameters were significantly different,suggesting the occurrence of a spatial difference in the size-at-maturity of bigeye tuna between these bio-ecological provinces.The findings of this study provide the key information for understanding the life history of bigeye tuna in the Eastern Pacific Ocean and will contribute to the conservation and sustainable yield of this species.

关键词： Eastern Pacific ocean Bigeye tuna Sexual maturity Mixed-effects model

Comparison of nominal and standardized catch per unit effort data in quantifying habitat suitability of skipjack tuna in the equatorial Pacific Ocean

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第3期41卷 1-10页

作者： Cheng Zhou Yuanyuan Hu Jie Cao Liuxiong Xu Xuefang Wang Rong Wan Yu Xiao jiangfeng zhu Hao Tang College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries Shanghai 201306China Department of Applied Ecology Center for Marine Sciences and TechnologyNorth Carolina State UniversityMorehead CityNC 28557USA

In the western and central Pacific Ocean,upper strata waters exhibit highly dynamic oceanographic features under ENSO variability.This has been proved to be responsible for the dynamic change of both abundance and zonal distribution of skipjack tuna(Katsuwonus pelamis).Although causality has been suggested by researchers using physical-biological interaction models,cumulative evidence needs to be obtained and the tenability of assertion needs to be tested from an ecological habitat perspective,based on fisheries data.For purse seine fishery,the use of catch per unit effort(CPUE)as an indication of the abundance is confusing because of technical improvements over the whole exploitation history and unbalanced individual fishing characteristic of vessels.It is particularly interesting to discriminate between habitat characteristics in comparative scenarios of CPUE application.This study identified habitat traits based on a series of oceanographic factors from a global ocean reanalysis model.A comparison was conducted between two habitat models based on unprocessed purse seine CPUE and standardized CPUE considering fishing characteristics.The results suggest that standardized CPUE could model the regular zonal shift of habitat compatible with the observed fishing efforts transfer,and achieved better prediction capacity than unprocessed CPUE.Furthermore,the habitat of skipjack tuna was also characterized and linked with surface and subsurface thermal environment,ocean current,dissolved oxygen,biotic environment,and ENSO variability.The monthly-averaged habitat suitable index,derived from the optimal habitat model prediction,showed a significant linear relationship with the southern oscillation index,which suggested that El Ni?o episodes eventually provide more preferable habitat for skipjack tuna under ENSO variability.

关键词： skipjack tuna free-swimming schools habitat characteristics ENSO events CPUE standardization

Topology-based analysis of pelagic food web structure in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean based on longline observer data

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第6期39卷 1-9页

作者： Qinqin Lin jiangfeng zhu College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources of Ministry of Education Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China

The tropical Pacific Ocean supports many productive commercial fisheries.However,few studies of ecosystem structure in the tropical Pacific Ocean have been carried out.In this study,we analyzed the food web structure in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean based on trophic relationships of 35 pelagic species collected by Chinese tuna longline observers from June to November in 2017.Topology indices(node degree,D;centrality indices,BC and CC;topological importance indices,TI^1,TI^3;keystone indices,K,K_t and K_b)and Key-Player algorithms(KPP-1,KPP-2)were used to select key species and construct a simplified food web combined with body size data.The Kendall rank correlation and hierarchical clustering analysis indicated that different topology indices resulted in consistent rankings of key species.Most key species were the same as those selected in other studies in the Pacific Ocean,such as Shortbill spearfish(Tetrapturus angustirostris),Swordfish(Xiphias gladius),Albacore tuna(Thunnus alalunga),cephalopods and scomber.The food web would be separated into many unconnected parts(F=0.632,FD=0.795,R^D=0.957)after the removal of the five key species,indicating the key roles of these species in the food web structure and stability.Body size was considered an influential indicator in constructing the simplified food web.This study can improve our understanding of the food web structure in the tropical Pacific Ocean and provide scientific basis for further ecosystem dynamics studies.

关键词： topology food web structure tropical Pacific key species size structure

应用3种数据有限方法对印度洋近海金枪鱼类和马鲛类资源评估

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上海海洋大学学报 2024年第3期33卷 728-740页

作者：陈镝安朱江峰耿喆上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院上海201306 大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室上海201306 农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室上海201306

近些年来印度洋近海金枪鱼类和马鲛类捕捞量上升较快,但因捕捞者多为个体手工渔业或小型工业渔业,渔业统计不完善,缺少传统资源评估所需的完整数据,因此这些鱼种目前缺乏可靠的评估。为了更好地掌握资源状况以制定相应的管理措施,本研... 详细信息

近些年来印度洋近海金枪鱼类和马鲛类捕捞量上升较快,但因捕捞者多为个体手工渔业或小型工业渔业,渔业统计不完善,缺少传统资源评估所需的完整数据,因此这些鱼种目前缺乏可靠的评估。为了更好地掌握资源状况以制定相应的管理措施,本研究使用1950—2020年捕捞量数据,运用CMSY模型(Monte carlo catch-msy)、DB-SRA模型(Depletion-based stock reduction analysis)和OCOM模型(Optimized catch-only assessmentmethod)等3种数据有限评估方法对圆舵鲣、扁舵鲣、巴鲣、青干金枪鱼、斑点马鲛、康氏马鲛等6个鱼种资源状况进行评估。基于相对生物量(B/B_(MSY))和相对捕捞死亡率(F/F_(MSY))进行判断,扁舵鲣和斑点马鲛的当前资源状态较为健康[P(B/B_(MSY)>1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)1)=78%,P(F/F_(MSY)1)=33%,P(F/F_(MSY)1)=55%,P(F/F_(MSY)<1)=33%]。3种模型中,CMSY模型和DBSRA模型给出的MSY估计值接近,CMSY模型给出了最为谨慎的评估结果(6个鱼种均存在过度捕捞),而OCOM模型给出的结果最为乐观,表明3种模型对这6个鱼种的资源状况判断有一定差异。敏感性分析显示,参数r以及Bend/K的先验设定均会对CMSY模型结果产生较大的影响;DB-SRA模型对Bt/K敏感,对K较为稳健。从结果上来看,3种模型均可以用于对近海小型金枪鱼和马鲛类的资源评估,但单一方法可能会导致结果偏差。建议在使用数据有限的评估方法时,采用多组参数以及多个方法进行比较分析,以更全面地获得种群资源状况。本研究可以为印度洋近海小型渔业管理提供参考。

关键词：近海金枪鱼马鲛类资源状况数据有限评估方法印度洋

中西太平洋自由群鲣资源丰度序列的振荡模态分析

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海洋渔业 2024年第3期46卷 266-274页

作者：王月杨晓明朱江峰上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院上海201306 国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心上海201306 大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室上海201306 农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室上海201306 农业农村部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站上海201306

为掌握中西太平洋自由群鲣(Katsuwonus pelamis)资源的波动周期特征及其与海洋环境振荡的响应关系,利用集合经验模态分解方法,对1990—2019年中西太平洋自由群鲣的标准化后CPUE时间序列进行振荡周期分解;并用时滞分析方法,获得各波动周... 详细信息

为掌握中西太平洋自由群鲣(Katsuwonus pelamis)资源的波动周期特征及其与海洋环境振荡的响应关系,利用集合经验模态分解方法,对1990—2019年中西太平洋自由群鲣的标准化后CPUE时间序列进行振荡周期分解;并用时滞分析方法,获得各波动周期和环境周期相应关系强度和相位差。结果表明:1)自由群鲣资源种群波动可以认为是0.3 a、0.6 a、1.5 a、3.5 a和5.5 a等多个周期的振荡叠加综合效应表现。其中0.3 a和0.6 a为资源的季节性波动特征,相对影响较小;而1.5 a和3.5 a的年际波动对中西太平洋自由群鲣资源变动影响较大(累积方差解释率为46.96%)。2)自由群鲣资源的振荡是环境振荡和鲣生物周期综合作用的反映,其1.5 a的振荡和鲣的初次性成熟年龄有关;3.5 a的振荡和厄尔尼诺-南方涛动有关。3)3.5 a的振荡与尼诺指数相关系数为0.61,相位差8个月。

关键词：自由群鲣振荡模态集合经验模态分解时滞分析中西太平洋

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绿光泵浦的克尔透镜锁模翠绿宝石激光器

中国激光 2024年第2期51卷 54-59页

作者：杨云霄于洋田文龙朱江峰魏志义西安电子科技大学光电工程学院陕西西安710071 西安电子科技大学前沿交叉研究院陕西西安710071 中国科学院物理研究所北京凝聚态物理国家研究中心北京100190 航天江南集团有限公司贵州贵阳550009

翠绿宝石激光器在医疗美容等领域发挥着重要的作用,其通常采用红光二极管(LD)激光器作为泵浦源,可以获得较高的转化效率,但红光LD激光器的光束质量较差,不适合直接作为克尔透镜锁模激光器的泵浦源,商用的绿光激光器以其优异的光束质量... 详细信息

翠绿宝石激光器在医疗美容等领域发挥着重要的作用,其通常采用红光二极管(LD)激光器作为泵浦源,可以获得较高的转化效率,但红光LD激光器的光束质量较差,不适合直接作为克尔透镜锁模激光器的泵浦源,商用的绿光激光器以其优异的光束质量成为了克尔透镜锁模翠绿宝石激光器的首选泵浦源。报道了一种绿光泵浦的克尔透镜锁模翠绿宝石激光器。实验采用商用532 nm全固态绿光激光器作为翠绿宝石激光器的泵浦源,当泵浦光功率为10 W时,实现了稳定的锁模脉冲输出,重复频率为92 MHz,平均功率为369 mW,脉冲宽度为86 fs,中心波长为749 nm,光谱半峰全宽为6.3 nm。

关键词：激光器全固态激光器绿光泵浦克尔透镜锁模翠绿宝石