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Dry matter production and panicle characteristics of high yield and good taste indica hybrid rice varieties

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1338-1350页

作者： LI min ZHU Da-wei jiang ming-jin LUO De-qiang jiang Xue-hai JI Guang-mei LI Li-jiang zhou Wei-jia Rice Research Institute Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006P.R.China Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006P.R.China

Indica hybrid rice(Oryza sativa) production aims to achieve two crucial targets: high yield and good taste. This study selected three types of indica hybrid rice according to grain yield and taste value, including high yield and good taste(HYGT), low yield and good taste(LYGT), and high yield and poor taste(HYPT), to analyze yield components,corresponding growth characteristics, and rice taste quality. When values were averaged across varieties and years,there were almost no differences in taste value between HYGT and LYGT;HYGT showed a significant increase in yield,owing to a higher number of panicles and spikelets per panicle, with a respective increment of 16.2 and 20.6%. The higher grain yield of HYGT compared with LYGT was attributed to three key factors: a higher leaf area index(LAI) during heading, a higher ratio of grain to leaf, and a higher biomass accumulation at maturity. HYGT and HYPT achieved similar high yields;however, HYGT had more panicle numbers and lower grain weight. In addition, HYGT showed a significantly higher taste value than HYPT, attributed to its significantly lower protein and amylose contents, with reductions of 8.8and 15.7%, respectively. Lower protein and amylose contents might be caused by a proper matter translocation from vegetative organs to panicle. This study suggested that reasonable panicle characteristics and translocation efficiency from vegetative organs to panicle during heading to maturity are the key factors in balancing yield and rice taste *** results will provide valuable insights for rice breeders to improve the grain yield and quality of indica hybrid rice.

关键词： indica hybrid rice grain yield taste quality growth characteristics

Mechanisms of inclusion evolution and intra-granular acicular ferrite formation in steels containing rare earth elements

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2012年第3期25卷 241-248页

作者： Xiaoxuan DENG min jiang Xinhua WANG School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Inclusion characteristic and microstructure steel were evaluated with scanning electron of rare earth （RE） elements containing microscopy with energy dispersive spec- troscopy （SEM-EDS）, element-mapping, optical microscopy （OM）, and automated feature analysis （AFA） option equipped with ASPEX PSEM. Factsage was used to calculate the equilibrium inclusion composition. Based on the calculation, an inclu- sion evolution mechanism was proposed. Furthermore, line scanning analysis was used to elucidate the intra-granular acicular ferrite （IAF） nucleation mechanism. The re- sult showed that two different inclusions exist in sample steel：（Mn-A1-Si-Ti-La-Ce-O）＋MnS complex inclusion and isolated MnS inclusion. Almost all nucleation sites for IAF are complex inclusions, while single MnS inclusion cannot induce IAF. A possible formation mechanism of complex inclusion is proposed based on calculated results using Factsage, which agrees well with experimental results. A Mn-depletion zone （MDZ） which exists adjacent to the （Mn-A1-Si-Ti-La-Ce-O）＋MnS complex inclusion can account for the IAF formation. However, the low volume fraction （1.49× 10-7） of effective inclusion may result in only 10% （volume fraction） IAF.

关键词： Intra-granular acicular ferrite RE containing complex inclusion Factsage Inclusion precipitation Mn-depletion zone

Review of noble-gas spin amplification via the spin-exchange collisions

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第10期65卷 5-23页

作者： Haowen SU min jiang Xinhua PENG CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China

Due to isolation from the environment with the protection of the full electronic shells, nuclear spins of noble gas typically feature extraordinary long coherence times, high polarization and good chemical inertness, which makes themselves attractive in extensive scientific applications. Recently, the noble-gas spin amplification via the spin-exchange collisions between overlapping noble-gas spins and alkali-atom spins has been theoretically and experimentally demonstrated in various quantum techniques including maser, Floquet maser, spin-based amplifier, and Floquet spin amplifier. The noble-gas spin amplification can enhance the external oscillating magnetic field by a factor of more than 100 and realize ultrasensitive magnetometry,which is important for the detection of weak electromagnetic fields and hypothetical particles. Based on the spin amplification, experiments have been conducted to search for axion-like dark matter and exotic spindependent forces and new constraints have been established. This review summarizes the recent progress on noble-gas spin amplification, including the basic principles, methods, different types, the related applications ranging from magnetic-field sensing to searches for new physics, and prospects for further improvements.

关键词： nuclear spin noble gas maser spin amplification Floquet system

Analytical long-term evolution and perturbation compensation models for BeiDou MEO satellites

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2018年第2期31卷 330-338页

作者： Li FAN min HU Chao jiang School of Aerospace Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Space Engineering University Beijing 101416 China College of Aerospace Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China

The current paper establishes the analytical models of the long-term evolution and perturbation compensation strategy for Medium Earth Orbits（MEO）shallow-resonant navigation constellation,with application to the Chinese Bei Dou Navigation Satellite System（BDS）.The long-term perturbation model for the relative motion is developed based on the Hamiltonian model,and the long-term evolution law is *** relationship between the control boundary of the constellation and the offset of the orbital elements is analyzed,and a general analytical method for calculating the offset of the orbit elements is *** analytical model is further improved when the luni-solar perturbations are *** long-term evolutions of the BDS MEO constellation within 10 years are illustrated,and the effectiveness of the proposed analytical perturbation compensation calculation approach is compared with the traditional numerical *** found the fundamental reason for the nonlinear variations of the relative longitude of ascending node and the mean argument of latitude is the long-periodic variations of the orbital inclination due to the luni-solar *** proposed analytical approach can avoid the numerical iterations,and reveal the essential relationship between the orbital element offsets and the secular drifts of the constellation ***,there is no need for maintaining the BDS MEO constellation within 10 years while using the perturbation compensation method.

关键词： BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) Long-term evolution Luni-solar perturbations Medium Earth Orbits(MEO) Perturbation compensation

DYNAMIC CVAR WITH MULTI-PERIOD RISK PROBLEMS

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2011年第5期24卷 907-918页

作者： Zhiqing MENG min jiang Qiying HU College of Business and Administration Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310023 China School of Management Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

This paper studies multi-period risk management problems by presenting a dynamic risk measure. This risk measure is the sum of conditional value-at-risk of each period. The authors model it by Markov decision processes and derive its optimality equation. This equation is further transformed equivalently to an analytically tractable one. The authors then use the model and its results to a multi-period portfolio optimization when the return rate vectors at each period form a Markov chain.

关键词： α-CVaR multi-period optimality equation optimal policy.

Dual Rolling Circle Amplification- Assisted Single-Particle Fluorescence Profiling of Exosome Heterogeneity for Discriminating Lung Adenocarcinoma from Pulmonary Nodules

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第4期5卷 947-957页

作者： Yan zhou Haoxiang Li min Hou Jianjun He Jian-Hui jiang Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineThe Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013 State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics College of Biomedical SciencesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082

Exosomes secreted by tumor cells carry abundant molecular biomarkers that reflect the status of their originating *** tumor-derived exosomes(TDEs)have emerged as attractive diagnostic ***,the identification and characterization of highly heterogeneous TDEs remain practically ***,we report a dual rolling circle amplification(DRCA)-assisted approach for the selective encapsulation of single TDEs for fluorescence microscopic and flow cytometric *** have been targeted by aptamers that recognized their surface tumor marker and exosomal marker CD63,following DRCA that produced entangling polymeric DNA chains,resulting in facile particle enlargement that allows single-particle fluorescence profiling of exosome *** have demonstrated the use of a dual-marker positive ratio for exosome differentiation and applied division and multiplication operations for normalized andmagnified marker heterogeneity *** further applied this assay to distinguish lung adenocarcinoma and pulmonary nodule patients and found an accuracy of 90%.We anticipate promising transformations of this straightforward assay into clinically implantable diagnostic methods.

关键词： rolling circle amplification exosomes single-particle fluorescence analysis cancer diagnosis

Host-Defense-Peptide-Mimickingβ-Peptide Polymer Acting as a Dual-Modal Antibacterial Agent by Interfering Quorum Sensing and Killing Individual Bacteria Simultaneously

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Research 2023年第4期2023卷 245-261页

作者： Wanlin Li Ximian Xiao Yuchen Qi Xiuhui Lin Huiqun Hu minqi Shi min zhou Weinan jiang Longqiang Liu Kang Chen Kai Wang Runhui Liu min zhou Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine the Fourth Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineYiwu 223300China University-University of Edinburgh Institute(ZJU-UoE Institute) Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHaining 314400China State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of EducationFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryResearch Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Institute of Translational Medicine Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310029China Department of Infectious Diseases The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentations Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Host defense peptides(HDPs)are one of the potentially promising agents for infection diseases due to their broad spectrum and low resistance rate,but their clinical applications are limited by proteolytic instability,high-cost,and complicated synthesis ***,we report a host-defense-peptidemimickingβ-peptide polymer that resists proteolysis to have enhanced the activity under physiological conditions,excellent antimicrobial efficiency even at high density of bacteria,and low cost for ***β-peptide polymer demonstrated quorum sensing(QS)interference and bactericidal effect against both bacterial communities and individual bacterium to simultaneously block bacterial communication and disrupt bacterial *** hierarchical QS network was suppressed,and main QS signaling systems showed considerably down-regulated gene expression,resulting in excellent biofilm eradication and virulence reduction *** dual-modal antibacterial ability possessed excellent therapeutic effects in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia,which could inhibit biofilm formation and exhibit better antibacterial and anti-inflammatory efficiency than clinically used antibiotics,***,theβ-peptide polymer also showed excellent therapeutic effect Escherichia coli pyogenic liver ***,we believed that theβ-peptide polymer had a feasible clinical potential to treat bacterial infection diseases.

关键词： process Killing modal

Electrolysis of ammonia for hydrogen production catalyzed by Pt and Pt-Ir deposited on nickel foam

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2014年第1期23卷 1-8页

作者： min jiang Dandan Zhu Xuebo Zhao The Qingdao Key Lab of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Storage Technology Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Electrolysis of ammonia in alkaline electrolyte solution was applied for the production of hydrogen. Both Pt-loaded Ni foam and Pt-Ir loaded Ni foam electrodes were prepared by electrodeposition and served as anode and cathode in ammonia electrolytic cell, respectively. The electrochemical behaviors of ammonia in KOH solution were individually investigated via cyclic voltammetry on three electrodes, i.e. bare Ni foam electrode, Pt-loaded Ni foam electrode and Pt-Ir loaded Ni foam electrode. The morphology and composition of the prepared Ni foam electrode were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). Effects of the concentration of electrolyte solution and temperature of electrolytic cell on the electrolysis reaction were examined in order to enhance the efficiency of ammonia electrolysis. The competition of ammonia electrolysis and water electrolysis in the same alkaline solution was firstly proposed to explain the changes of cell voltage with the electrolysis proceeding. At varying current densities, different cell voltages could be obtained from galvanostatic *** low cell voltage of 0.58 V, which is less than the practical electrolysis voltage of water(1.6 V), can be obtained at a current density of2.5 mA/cm2. Based on some experimental parameters, such as the applied current, the resulting cell voltage and output of hydrogen gas, the power consumption per gram of H2produced can be estimated.

关键词： ammonia elelctrolysis nickel electrode hydrogen produciton catalyst power consumption

MDP-Based Budget Allocation for Efficient Cooperative Task Solving

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2017年第5期26卷 966-972页

作者： jiang Huan ZUO min MATSUBARA Shigeo School of Computer and Information Engineering Beijing Technology and Business University

In order to facilitate crowdsourcing-based task solving,complex tasks are decomposed into interdependent subtasks that can be executed cooperatively by individual *** to maximize the quality of the final solution subject to the self-interested worker’s utility maximization,a key challenge is to allocate the limited budget among the subtasks as the rewards for workers having various levels of *** study is the first attempt to show the value of Markov decision processes(MDPs)for the problem of optimizing the quality of the final solution by dynamically determining the budget allocation on sequentially dependent subtasks under the budget constraints and the uncertainty of the workers’ *** simulation-based approach verifies that compared to some offline methods where workers’ abilities are fully known,our proposed MDP-based payment planning is more efficient at optimizing the final quality under the same limited budget.

关键词： Budget allocation Markov decision processes(MDPs) Cooperative task solving Task quality optimization Crowdsourcing