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Global-local combined features to detect pain intensity from facial expression images with attention mechanism

Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2024年第3期22卷 80-93页

作者： jiang Wu yi Shi Shun yan Hong-Mei yan yangtze Delta Region Institute(Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaHuzhou313001China MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation School of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China College of Engineering University of California at Santa BarbaraSanta Barbara93106USA

The estimation of pain intensity is critical for medical diagnosis and treatment of *** the development of image monitoring technology and artificial intelligence,automatic pain assessment based on facial expression and behavioral analysis shows a potential value in clinical *** paper reports a framework of convolutional neural network with global and local attention mechanism(GLA-CNN)for the effective detection of pain intensity at four-level thresholds using facial expression ***-CNN includes two modules,namely global attention network(GANet)and local attention network(LANet).LANet is responsible for extracting representative local patch features of faces,while GANet extracts whole facial features to compensate for the ignored correlative features between *** the end,the global correlational and local subtle features are fused for the final estimation of pain *** under the UNBC-McMaster Shoulder Pain database demonstrate that GLA-CNN outperforms other state-of-the-art ***,a visualization analysis is conducted to present the feature map of GLA-CNN,intuitively showing that it can extract not only local pain features but also global correlative facial *** study demonstrates that pain assessment based on facial expression is a non-invasive and feasible method,and can be employed as an auxiliary pain assessment tool in clinical practice.

关键词： Attention Convolutional neural network Facial expression Pain intensity

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Observations of EUV and soft X-ray recurring jets in an active region

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第10期11卷 1229-1242页

作者： Li-Heng yang Yun-Chun jiang Jia-yan yang yi Bi Rui-Sheng Zheng National Astronomical Observatories / Yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650011 China

We present simultaneous observations of three recurring jets in EUV and soft X-ray （SXR）, which occurred in an active region on 2007 June 5. By comparing their morphological and kinematic characteristics in these two different wavelengths, we found that EUV and SXR jets had similar locations, directions, sizes and velocities. We also analyzed their spectral properties by using six spectral lines from the EUV Imaging Spectrometer （EIS） onboard Hinode and found that these jets had temperatures from 0.05 to 2.0MK and maximum electron densities from 6.6× 10^9 to 3.4× 10^10cm^-3. For each jet, an elongated blue-shifted component and a red- shifted component at the jet base were simultaneously observed in the Fe XII A195 and the He II A256 lines. The three jets had maximum Doppler velocities from 25 to 121 km s-1 in the FexII A195 line and from 115 to 232 km s -1 in the HeII A256 line. They had maximum non-thermal velocities from 98 to 181 km s-1 in the Fe xII A195 line and from 196 to 399 km s-1 in the He II A256 line. We also examined the relationship between averaged Doppler velocities and maximum ionization temperatures of these three jets and found that averaged Doppler velocities decreased with the increase of maximum ionization temperatures. In the photosphere, magnetic flux emergences and cancelations continuously took place at the jet base. These observa- tional results were consistent with the magnetic reconnection jet model, implying that magnetic reconnection between emerging magnetic flux and ambient magnetic field occurred in the lower atmosphere.

关键词： Sun activity -- Sun corona -- Sun UV radiation -- Sun magnetic fields

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Hybrid Block Diagonalization Precoding for Multi-User Weighted Sum-Rate Maximization

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China Communications 2024年第8期21卷 127-141页

作者： Su Xiaofeng jiang yi Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves(MoE) Department of Communication Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

This paper studies large-scale multi-input multi-output(MIMO)orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)communications in a broadband frequency-selective channel,where a massive MIMO base station(BS)communicates with multiple users equipped with *** develop a hybrid precoding design to maximize the weighted sum-rate(WSR)of the users by optimizing the digital and the analog precoders *** the digital part,we employ block-diagonalization to eliminate inter-user interference and apply water-filling power allocation to maximize the *** the analog part,the optimization of the PSN is formulated as an unconstrained problem,which can be efficiently solved by a gradient descent *** results show that the proposed block-diagonal hybrid precoding algorithm can outperform the existing works.

关键词： block-diagonal gradient descent hybrid precoding iterative optimization MIMO-OFDM multi-user water-filling power allocation weighted sum-rate maximization

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Stable carbon isotope composition and intrinsic water use efficiency in plants along an altitudinal gradient on the eastern slope of Yulong Snow Mountain, China

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 218-230页

作者： Feng jiang Tao Pu Zi-Jing Xue yan-Wei Ma Xiao-yi Shi Fu-Xi Shi College of Geography and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang Normal University Yulong Snow Mountain Glacier and Environment Observation and Research Station/State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of Forestry Jiangxi Agricultural University

Background Stable carbon isotope composition(δ13Cp) can be used to estimate the changes in intrinsic water use efficiency（iWUE） in plants,which helps us to better understand plants' response strategies to climate *** study focused on the variations in δ13Cpand iWUE for the different life-form plants（i.e.,herbs,shrubs,and trees）along an altitudinal gradient（3300,3600,3900,4100,4300,and 4500 m） on the eastern slope of Yulong Snow Mountain,southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet *** response mechanisms of δ13Cpand iWUE for different life-form plants to altitude were thoroughly analyzed in this mountain *** The δ13Cpvalues of plants on the eastern slopes of Yulong Snow Mountain ranged from-30.4‰to-26.55‰,with a mean of-28.02‰,indicating a dominance of *** δ13Cpand iWUE values varied among different life-form plants in the order of herbs> shrubs> trees,particularly in 3600,3900,and 4300 ***δ13Cpand iWUE values for herbs and shrubs increased with altitude and were mainly controlled by air *** two parameters for trees exhibited a trend of initial decrease followed by an increase with *** 3900 m,the δ13Cpand iWUE values decreased with altitude,influenced by soil ***,above 3900 m,the two parameters increased with altitude,mainly regulated by air *** addition,iWUE was positively correlated with leaf P content but negatively correlated with leaf N:P ratio,especially for herbs and trees,suggesting that P plays a key role in modulating iWUE in this *** The diffe rentiated responses of water availability for different life-form plants to a higher altitudinal gradient are regulated by air temperature,soil moisture,and leaf P content in the Yulong Snow *** results provide valuable insights into understanding the wate r-carbon relationships in high-altitude ecosystems.

关键词： Stable carbon isotope Water use efficiency Altitude Life form Yulong Snow Mountain

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Study on the local time asymmetry of the Earth's ring currents based on multiple low-Earth-orbit satellite magnetic observations

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3354-3364页

作者： OU JiaMing jiang yi yan Qing State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macau University of Science and Technology Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute Macau University of Science and Technology Macau Institute of Space Technology and Application

The azimuthal morphology of Earth's ring currents has consistently shown asymmetry during extreme space weather events at low latitudes, particularly during geomagnetic storms. A dawn-dusk pattern has been detected during the storm main phase through near-Earth and in-situ magnetic measurements. This asymmetry is believed to arise from asymmetric solar windmagnetosphere coupling and is linked to the closure of the ring current. Recent evidence has confirmed the existence of asymmetric ring currents during quiet times and the storm recovery phase. This phenomenon may be closely related to the evolution of ring currents, including plasma injection and decay processes. In this study, the local time asymmetry of the ring current is estimated using data from low-Earth-orbit Swarm and Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1) missions. Spherical harmonics models are developed to quantify the magnetic field of ring currents through external Gauss coefficients during both quiet periods and the storm recovery phase. Several features of dawn-dusk asymmetry are observed in various cases in different months.(1) The maximum difference in magnetic value across local time ranges from 3 to 10 nT, showing relative invariance compared with various Sym-H levels.(2) Stronger magnetic signals are detected at the premidnight sector during quiet times and at the afternoon sector during the storm recovery phase.(3) Magnetic perturbations remain at a lower level during the postmidnight and morning sectors. Although the pattern of local time asymmetry differs between quiet times and the recovery phase,dawn-dusk asymmetry remains the most pronounced feature, affecting the trapping and loss of charged particles in the inner magnetosphere. Combining Swarm and MSS-1 magnetic observations can enable convenient monitoring of the detailed azimuthal local time effects of the ring current at various disturbance levels in the future.

关键词： Earth’s ring currents local time asymmetry, SHA model Macao Science Satellite-1

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Amorphous Sb/C composite with isotropic expansion property as an ultra-stable and high-rate anode for lithium-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2039-2052页

作者： Ze-Zhou yang Cheng-yi Zhang Yu-Qing Ou Zhi-Kang Su yan Zhao Heng-jiang Cong Xin-Ping Ai jiang-Feng Qian Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Antimony(Sb)is an intriguing anode material for Li-ion batteries(LIBs)owing to its high theoretical capacity of 660 m Ah·g^(-1)and appropriate working potential of~0.8 V(***^(+)/Li).However,just like all alloying materials,the Sb anode suffers from huge volume expansion(230%)during repeated insertion/extraction of Li+ions,resulting in structural deterioration and rapid capacity *** this work,a novel amorphous Sb/C composite with atomically dispersed Sb particles in carbon matrix is prepared via a straightforward high-energy ball milling *** intimate intermixing of amorphous Sb with C provides homogeneous element distribution and isotropic volume expansion during cycling,resulting in persistent structural ***,the disordered structure of amorphous material shortens the diffusion distance of lithium ions/electrons,promoting fast reaction kinetics and rate *** from the aforementioned effects,the amorphous Sb/C exhibits a high reversible capacity of537.4 m Ah·g^(-1)at 0.1 A·g^(-1)and retains 201.0 m Ah·g^(-1)at an ultrahigh current rate of 10.0 A·g^(-1).Even after 1500deep cycles at 2.0 A·g^(-1),the amorphous Sb/C electrode still maintains 86.3%of its initial capacity,which outperforms all existing Sb-based anodes reported so *** analysis further reveals a greatly reduced volume variation of merely 34.6%for the amorphous Sb/C electrode,much lower than that of 223.1%for crystalline Sb *** study presents a new approach to stabilizing Sb-based alloy anodes and contributes to the construction of high-performance amorphous anode materials for LIBs,enabling advanced energy storage.

关键词： Amorphous Sb/C anode Homogeneous element distribution Isotropic volume expansion Ultra-long cycle stability High-rate capability Lithium-ion battery

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Predicting hepatocellular carcinoma: A new non-invasive model based on shear wave elastography

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第25期30卷 3166-3178页

作者： Dong jiang yi Qian yi-Jun Gu Ru Wang Hua Yu Hui Dong Dong-Yu Chen yan Chen Hao-Zheng jiang Bi-Bo Tan Min Peng yi-Ran Li Department of Ultrasound Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Pathology Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalThird Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of College of Art and Science Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106United States Ultrasound Diagnosis PLA Naval Medical CenterShanghai 200437China

BACKGROUND Integrating conventional ultrasound features with 2D shear wave elastography(2D-SWE)can potentially enhance preoperative hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)*** To develop a 2D-SWE-based predictive model for preoperative identification of *** A retrospective analysis of 884 patients who underwent liver resection and pathology evaluation from February 2021 to August 2023 was conducted at the Oriental Hepatobiliary Surgery *** patients were divided into the modeling group(n=720)and the control group(n=164).The study included conventional ultrasound,2D-SWE,and preoperative laboratory *** logistic regression was used to identify independent predictive factors for RESULTS In the modeling group analysis,maximal elasticity(Emax)of tumors and their peripheries,platelet count,cirrhosis,and blood flow were independent risk indicators for *** factors yielded an area under the curve of 0.77(95%confidence interval:0.73-0.81)with 84%sensitivity and 61%*** model demonstrated good calibration in both the construction and validation cohorts,as shown by the calibration graph and Hosmer-Lemeshow test(P=0.683 and P=0.658,respectively).Additionally,the mean elasticity(Emean)of the tumor periphery was identified as a risk factor for microvascular invasion(MVI)in malignant liver tumors(P=0.003).Patients receiving antiviral treatment differed significantly in platelet count(P=0.002),Emax of tumors(P=0.033),Emean of tumors(P=0.042),Emax at tumor periphery(P<0.001),and Emean at tumor periphery(P=0.003).CONCLUSION 2D-SWE’s hardness value serves as a valuable marker for enhancing the preoperative diagnosis of malignant liver lesions,correlating significantly with MVI and antiviral treatment efficacy.

关键词： Shear wave elastography Predicting model Microvascular invasion Antiviral treatment Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Comparative analysis of DNA-SIP and magnetic-nanoparticle mediated isolation (MMI) on unraveling dimethoate degraders

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 59-69页

作者： Luning Lian yi Xing Dayi Zhang Longfei jiang Mengke Song Bo jiang School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science&Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants University of Science&Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China National Environmental and Energy Science and Technology International Cooperation Base University of Science&Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China College of New Energy and Environment Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China College of Natural Resources and Environment South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies Beijing 100015China

Microorganisms are crucial in the bioremediation of organophosphorus pesticides. However, most functional microorganisms (> 99%) are yet to be cultivated. This study applied two cultivation-independent approaches, DNA-SIP and magnetic-nanoparticle mediated isolation (MMI), to identify the functional microorganisms in degrading dimethoate in agricultural soils. MMI identified five dimethoate degraders: Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Ramlibacter, Arthrobacter, and Rhodococcus, whereas DNA-SIP identified three dimethoate degraders: Ramlibacter, Arthrobacter, and Rhodococcus. Also, MMI showed higher resolution than DNA-SIP in identifying functional microorganisms. Two organic phosphohydrolase (OPH) genes: ophC2 and ophB, were involved in dimethoate metabolism, as revealed by DNA-SIP and MMI. The degradation products of dimethoate include omethoate, O,O,S-trimethyl thiophosphorothioate, N-methyl-2-sulfanylacetamide, O,O-diethyl S-hydrogen phosphorodithioate, O,O,O-trimethyl thiophosphate, O,O,S-trimethyl thiophosphorodithioate, and O,O,O-trimethyl phosphoric. This study emphasizes the feasibility of using SIP and MMI to explore the functional dimethoate degraders, expanding our knowledge of microbial resources with cultivation-independent approaches.

关键词： Stable isotope probing(SIP) Magnetic-nanoparticle mediated isolation(MMI) Dimethoate Biodegradation Cultivation-independent approach

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Drug-Target Interactions Prediction Based on Signed Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 231-244页

作者： Ming CHEN Yajian jiang Xiujuan LEI yi PAN Chunyan JI Wei jiang College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan Normal University School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Computer Science Department BNU-HKBU United International College

Drug-target interactions(DTIs) prediction plays an important role in the process of drug *** computational methods treat it as a binary prediction problem, determining whether there are connections between drugs and targets while ignoring relational types information. Considering the positive or negative effects of DTIs will facilitate the study on comprehensive mechanisms of multiple drugs on a common target, in this work, we model DTIs on signed heterogeneous networks, through categorizing interaction patterns of DTIs and additionally extracting interactions within drug pairs and target protein pairs. We propose signed heterogeneous graph neural networks(SHGNNs), further put forward an end-to-end framework for signed DTIs prediction, called SHGNN-DTI,which not only adapts to signed bipartite networks, but also could naturally incorporate auxiliary information from drug-drug interactions(DDIs) and protein-protein interactions(PPIs). For the framework, we solve the message passing and aggregation problem on signed DTI networks, and consider different training modes on the whole networks consisting of DTIs, DDIs and PPIs. Experiments are conducted on two datasets extracted from Drug Bank and related databases, under different settings of initial inputs, embedding dimensions and training modes. The prediction results show excellent performance in terms of metric indicators, and the feasibility is further verified by the case study with two drugs on breast cancer.

关键词： Drugs Training Proteins Measurement Message passing Prediction methods Graph neural networks

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ZYX promotes invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells via WNK1/SNAI1axis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 564-567页

作者： yi jiang Dongfang Xiang Xianmei Wen Mingmin He yan Qin Xiaoxue Yao Zexuan yan Xiuli Geng Yong Ren Xiongwei Cai Youhong Cui yan Wang Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)Chongqing 400038China Department of Pathology General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLAWuhanHubei 430070China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Southwest HospitalArmy Medical University (Third Military Medical University)Chongqing 400038China Department of Pharmacy The Hospital of 83rd Group of PLAXinxiangHenan 453000China Department of Gynecology Chongqing Health Center for Women and ChildrenWomen and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400013China

Gastric cancer(GC)is the third most common cause of cancer death globally and a large portion of patients are diagnosed at advanced stages with cancer invasion and metastasis1,***,the mechanisms underlying the invasion and metastasis of GC remain to be *** plays critical roles in cell mobility via cytoskeleton regulation in various cell types.3 In this study,we further reported that ZYX promoted migration,invasion,and metastasis of GC ***,ZYX promoted WNK1 activation and SNAl1 up-regulation,inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)to enhance the mobility of GC *** of WNK1 impaired the mobility of GC ***,ZYX/WNK1 could be potential therapeutic targets for GC treatment.

关键词： WNK1 invasion metastasis

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