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Coherence phase spectrum analyzer for a randomly fluctuated fractional vortex beam

Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 33-39页

作者： ZHUOYI WANG XINGYUAN lu jianbo GAO XUECHUN ZHAO QIWEN ZHAN YANGJIAN CAI CHENGLIANG ZHAO School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations&Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device School of Physics and ElectronicsShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China Shandong Joint Research Center of Light Manipulation Science and Photonics Integrated Chip of East China Normal University and Shandong Normal University East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

Fractional vortex beams exhibit a higher degree of modulation dimensions than conventional vortices,thus inheriting superior anti-turbulent transmission properties through the incorporation of additional coherence modulation.However,aliasing the mixed modes induced by coherence degradation makes the quantitative measurement of the topological charge in fractional vortex beams challenging.In this study,a coherence phase spectrum was introduced,and experimental demonstrations to quantitatively determine the fractional topological charge of partially coherent fractional vortex beams were performed.By leveraging the four-dimensional measurement of a partially coherent light field,the source coherence function was inversely reconstructed,and fractional topological charges were determined with high precision by extracting the phase spectrum of the coherence function.Laguerre–Gaussian,elliptical Gaussian,and plane-wave-fraction vortex beams with various degrees of coherence were used to demonstrate measurement precision.The proposed method is applicable to X-rays and electron vortices.It has potential applications in optical encryption,high-capacity optical communication,and quantum entanglement.

关键词： function fractional vortex

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Single-shot phase retrieval for randomly fluctuated and obstructed vortex beams

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 72-80页

作者： Hao Zhang Jun’an Zhu Xingyuan lu Zhiquan Hu jianbo Gao Kun Liu Qiwen Zhan Yangjian Cai Chengliang Zhao School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic DeviceSchool of Physics and ElectronicsShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China Joint Research Center of Light Manipulation Science and Photonic Integrated Chip of East China Normal University and Shandong Normal University East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

Vortex beams with orbital angular momentum play a crucial role in increasing the information capacity in optical communications.The magnitude of orbital angular momentum determines the ability of information encoding.In practice,a vortex beam can encounter random objects or turbulence during free-space propagation,resulting in information damage.Therefore,accurately measuring the orbital angular momentum of a randomly fluctuated and obstructed vortex beam is a considerable challenge.Herein,we propose a single-shot method for the phase retrieval of a randomly fluctuated and obstructed vortex beam by combining the phase-shift theorem and self-reference holography.Experimental results reveal that the sign and magnitude of the initial orbital angular momentum can be simultaneously determined based on their quantitative relation with the number of coherence singularities on the observation plane,thus addressing the effects of random occlusion and atmospheric turbulence.The proposed method considerably improved the accurate decoding of orbital angular momentum information in nonideal freespace optical communications.

关键词： optical vortex phase retrieve orbital angular momentum measurement antiturbulence antidisturbance

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Prioritization of risk genes in colorectal cancer by integrative analysis of multi-omics data and gene networks

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 132-148页

作者： Ming Zhang Xiaoyang Wang Nan Yang Xu Zhu Zequn lu Yimin Cai Bin Li Ying Zhu Xiangpan Li Yongchang Wei Shaokai Zhang jianbo Tian Xiaoping Miao Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDepartment of Gastrointestinal OncologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityDepartment of Radiation OncologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityTaiKang Center for Life and Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Research Center of Public Health Renmin hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Department of Cancer Epidemiology The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University&Henan Cancer HospitalHenan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and ControlHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer PreventionZhengzhou 450008China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Department of Radiation Oncology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Hubei Cancer Clinical Study CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430062China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430073China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Genome-wide association studies(GWASs)have identified over 140 colorectal cancer(CRC)-associated loci;however,target genes at the majority of loci and underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood.Here,we utilized a Bayesian approach,integrative risk gene selector(iRIGS),to prioritize risk genes at CRC GWAS loci by integrating multi-omics data.As a result,a total of 105 high-confidence risk genes(HRGs)were identified,which exhibited strong gene dependencies for CRC and enrichment in the biological processes implicated in CRC.Among the 105 HRGs,CEBPB,located at the 20q13.13 locus,acted as a transcription factor playing critical roles in cancer.Our subsequent assays indicated the tumor promoter function of CEBPB that facilitated CRC cell proliferation by regulating multiple oncogenic pathways such as MAPK,PI3K-Akt,and Ras signaling.Next,by integrating a fine-mapping analysis and three independent case-control studies in Chinese populations consisting of 8,039 cases and 12,775 controls,we elucidated that rs1810503,a putative functional variant regulating CEBPB,was associated with CRC risk(OR=0.90,95%CI=0.86–0.93,P=1.07×10^(−7)).The association between rs1810503 and CRC risk was further validated in three additional multi-ancestry populations consisting of 24,254 cases and 58,741 controls.Mechanistically,the rs1810503 A to T allele change weakened the enhancer activity in an allele-specific manner to decrease CEBPB expression via longrange promoter-enhancer interactions,mediated by the transcription factor,REST,and thus decreased CRC risk.In summary,our study provides a genetic resource and a generalizable strategy for CRC etiology investigation,and highlights the biological implications of CEBPB in CRC tumorigenesis,shedding new light on the etiology of CRC.

关键词： susceptibility genes gene screening models multi-omics GWAS CEBPB long-range promoter-enhancer interactions

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Two approaches for calculating female fetal DNA fraction in noninvasive prenatal testing based on size analysis of maternal DNA fragments

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BIOCELL 2022年第1期46卷 185-193页

作者： jianbo lu XIAOHAN SUN XU MA Human Genetics Resource Center National Research Institute for Family PlanningBeijing100081China Graduate School Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124China

The concentration of cell-free fetal DNA fragments should be detected before noninvasive prenatal testing(NIPT).The fetal DNA molecules have significant clinical potential in determining the overall performance of NIPT and clinical interpretation.It is important to measure fetal DNA fraction before NIPT.However,there is still little research on how to calculate the concentration of female fetuses.Two estimation approaches were proposed to calculate fetal DNA fraction,including the fragments size-based approach,aneuploid-based approach,which are all approaches based on chromosome segments.Based on high-throughput sequencing data,two approaches to calculate the DNA fraction of male fetuses were tested and obtained the experiment values,which were close to the actual values.The correlation coefficient of fragments size-based approach was 0.9243(P<0.0001)and the aneuploid-based approach reached 0.9339(P<0.0001).We calculated the concentration of female fetuses and obtained remarkable experimental results.We came up with two approaches for calculating the fetal DNA fraction of female fetuses.It provides an important theoretical basis for the detection of female fetal concentration in future clinical diagnosis.

关键词： Fetal DNA fraction Noninvasive prenatal testing Cell-free fetal DNA Female fetus

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Fast Calculation of Electromagnetic Forces in IPMSMs Under PWM VSI Supply Based on Small-Signal Time-Harmonic Finite Element Method

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2022年第1期6卷 67-76页

作者： Sa Zhu jianbo lu Feng Zeng IEEE College of Energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing211100China

This paper introduces a novel method for fast calculating the electromagnetic forces in interior permanent magnet synchronous machines(IPMSMs)under pulse width modulation(PWM)voltage source inverter(VSI)supply based on the small-signal time-harmonic finite element analysis(THFEA),which has been successfully utilized for fast calculating the PWMinduced losses in silicon steel sheets and permanent magnets.Based on the small-signal THFEA,the functional relationships between high-frequency harmonic voltages(HFHVs)and corresponding airgap flux densities are established,which are used for calculating the flux density spectra caused by each HFHV in the PWM voltage spectra.Then,the superposition principle is applied for calculating the flux density spectra caused by fundamental currents and all HFHVs,which are converted to the electromagnetic force spectra at last.The relative errors between the force density spectra calculated with the proposed method and those obtained from traditional time-stepping finite element analysis(TSFEA)using PWM voltages as input are within 3.1%,while the proposed method is 24 times faster than the traditional TSFEA.

关键词： Time-harmonic finite element analysis(THFEA) Interior permanent magnet synchronous machines(IPMSMs) Electromagnetic forces Pulse width modulation Vibration and acoustic noise

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Green intelligent fertilizers——A novel approach for aligning sustainable agriculture with green development

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 186-196页

作者： Maoying WANG Lingyun CHENG Chengdong HUANG Yang LYU Lin ZHANG Zhenya lu Changzhou WEI Wenqi MA Zed RENGEL jianbo SHEN Fusuo ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions(Ministry of Education)China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Agronomy Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000China College of Resources and Environmental Science Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China Soil Science and Plant Nutrition UWA School of Agriculture and EnvironmentThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation Split 21000Croatia

This review addresses the growing disparity between the current state of fertilizer production in China and the evolving demands of green agriculture in the 21st century. It explores major advances in fertilizers, proposes the concept of green intelligent fertilizers and develops new strategies aligned with the principles of green development in fertilizer industry and agriculture.Green intelligent fertilizers may be designed to maximize the synergistic effects among plants, soils, microorganisms, nutrient sources and the environment. This concept emphasizes the integration of industry and agriculture toward green development for entire industry chain, using an interdisciplinary approach to drive the green transformation of fertilizer industry, and promote green and sustainable development of agriculture. By bridging the gap between the current state of fertilizer industry and a growing need for environmentally responsible agricultural practices, this review highlights a path toward harmonizing fertilizer production with the imperatives of green agriculture.

关键词： Root-nutrient feedback green development intelligent fertilizers new fertilizer plant-soil-fertilizer interaction rhizosphere engineering

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Collective Molecular Machines: Multidimensionality and Reconfigurability

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 309-340页

作者： Bin Wang Yuan lu Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Molecular machines are key to cellular activity where they are involved in converting chemical and light energy into efficient mechanical work.During the last 60 years,designing molecular structures capable of generating unidirectional mechanical motion at the nanoscale has been the topic of intense research.Effective progress has been made,attributed to advances in various fields such as supramolecular chemistry,biology and nanotechnology,and informatics.However,individual molecular machines are only capable of producing nanometer work and generally have only a single functionality.In order to address these problems,collective behaviors realized by integrating several or more of these individual mechanical units in space and time have become a new paradigm.In this review,we comprehensively discuss recent developments in the collective behaviors of molecular machines.In particular,collective behavior is divided into two paradigms.One is the appropriate integration of molecular machines to efficiently amplify molecular motions and deformations to construct novel functional materials.The other is the construction of swarming modes at the supramolecular level to perform nanoscale or microscale operations.We discuss design strategies for both modes and focus on the modulation of features and properties.Subsequently,in order to address existing challenges,the idea of transferring experience gained in the field of micro/nano robotics is presented,offering prospects for future developments in the collective behavior of molecular machines.

关键词： Molecular machines Collective control Collective behaviors DNA Biomolecular motors

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Soil inorganic amendments produce safe rice by reducing the transfer of Cd and increasing key amino acids in brown rice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 121-132页

作者： Fanyi Kong Shenggao lu Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem HealthMinistry of EducationCollege of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

The digestibility of cadmium(Cd)in brown rice is directly related to amino acid metabolism in rice and human health.In our field study,three kinds of alkaline calcium-rich soil inorganic amendments(SIAs)at three dosages were applied to produce safe rice and improve the quality of rice in Cd-contaminated paddy.With the increased application of SIA,Cd content in iron plaque on rice root significantly increased,the transfer of Cd from rice root to grain significantly decreased,and then Cd content in brown rice decreased synchronously.The vitro digestibility of Cd in brown rice was estimated by a physiologically based extraction test.Results showed that more than 70%of Cd in brown rice could be digested by simulated gastrointestinal juice.Based on the total and digestible Cd contents in brown rice to evaluate the health risk,the application of 2.25 ton SIA/ha could produce safe rice in acidic slightly Cd-contaminated paddy soils.The amino acids(AAs)in brown rice were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.The contents of 5 key AAs(KAAs)that actively respond to environmental changes increased significantly with the increased application of SIA.The structural equation model indicated that KAAs could be affected by the Cd translocation capacity from rice root to grain,and consequently altered the ratio of indigestible Cd in brown rice.The formation of indigestible KAAs-Cd complexes by combining KAAs(phenylalanine,leucine,histidine,glutamine,and asparagine)with Cd in brown rice could be considered a potential mechanism for reducing the digestibility of Cd.

关键词： Cadmium digestibility Soil inorganic amendments Safe rice Amino acid Priming effect Health risk

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Lightweight Method for Plant Disease Identification Using Deep Learning

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第7期37卷 525-544页

作者： jianbo lu Ruxin Shi Jin Tong Wenqi Cheng Xiaoya Ma Xiaobin Liu Guangxi Key Lab of Human-machine Interaction and Intelligent Decision Nanning Normal UniversityNanning530001China School of Computer and Information Engineering Nanning Normal UniversityNanning530001China School of Logistics Management and Engineering Nanning Normal UniversityNanning530001China Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co.Ltd. Hangzhou310052China

In the deep learning approach for identifying plant diseases,the high complexity of the network model,the large number of parameters,and great computational effort make it challenging to deploy the model on terminal devices with limited computational resources.In this study,a lightweight method for plant diseases identification that is an improved version of the ShuffleNetV2 model is proposed.In the proposed model,the depthwise convolution in the basic module of ShuffleNetV2 is replaced with mixed depthwise convolution to capture crop pest images with different resolutions;the efficient channel attention module is added into the ShuffleNetV2 model network structure to enhance the channel features;and the Relu activation function is replaced with the Relu6 activation function to prevent the gen-eration of large gradients.Experiments are conducted on the public dataset PlantVillage.The results show that the proposed model achieves an accuracy of 99.43%,which is an improvement of 0.6 percentage points compared to the ShuffleNetV2 model.Compared to lightweight network models,such as MobileNetV2,MobileNetV3,EfficientNet,and EfficientNetV2,and classical convolutional neural network models,such as ResNet34,ResNet50,and ResNet101,the proposed model has fewer parameters and higher recognition accuracy,which provides guidance for deploying crop pest identification methods on resource-constrained devices,including mobile terminals.

关键词： Plant disease identification mixed depthwise convolution lightweight ShuffleNetV2 attention mechanism

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Light touch in quantum:an interview with Prof.Serge Haroche

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 10-16页

作者： Chao-Yang lu CAS Centre for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics HefeiChina NYU Shanghai NYU-ECNU Institute of PhysicsShanghaiChina University of Science and Technology of China Department of Modern PhysicsShanghaiChina

lu:Hello,Prof.Haroche,nice to see you again!Let us start the interview.In 2012,you and David Wineland won the Nobel Prize in Physics.Can you describe your work in simple terms to a general audience?And can you tell us how you were originally interested in this field and got into this study?Haroche:Maybe I should start with the second part of the question.I got interested in atomic physics when I was a student atÉcole Normale Supérieure(ENS)in Paris in the 1960s.

关键词： quantum interview Serge

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