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The lymphatic system:a therapeutic target for central nervous system disorders

Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1249-1256页

作者： Jia-Qi Xu Qian-Qi Liu Sheng-Yuan huang Chun-Yue Duan Hong-Bin Lu Yong Cao jian-zhong hu Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopaedics Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Organ Injury Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Mobile Health Ministry of Education-China Mobile Joint Laboratory ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Cardiovascular Surgery The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Sports Medicine Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

The lymphatic vasculature forms an organized network that covers the whole body and is involved in fluid homeostasis,metabolite clearance,and immune surveillance.The recent identification of functional lymphatic vessels in the meninges of the brain and the spinal cord has provided novel insights into neurophysiology.They emerge as major pathways for fluid exchange.The abundance of immune cells in lymphatic vessels and meninges also suggests that lymphatic vessels are actively involved in neuroimmunity.The lymphatic system,through its role in the clearance of neurotoxic proteins,autoimmune cell infiltration,and the transmission of pro-inflammatory signals,participates in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurological disorders,including neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases and traumatic injury.Vascular endothelial growth factor C is the master regulator of lymphangiogenesis,a process that is critical for the maintenance of central nervous system homeostasis.In this review,we summarize current knowledge and recent advances relating to the anatomical features and immunological functions of the lymphatic system of the central nervous system and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target for neurological disorders and central nervous system repair.

关键词： central nervous system central nervous system injury glymphatic system lymphatic vessels meninges neurodegenerative disorders neuroinflammatory diseases vascular endothelial growth factor C

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Metformin promotes angiogenesis and functional recovery in aged mice after spinal cord injury by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1553-1562页

作者： Jin-Yun Zhao Xiao-Long Sheng Cheng-Jun Li Tian Qin Run-Dong He Guo-Yu Dai Yong Cao Hong-Bin Lu Chun-Yue Duan jian-zhong hu Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopedics Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Organ Injury Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina hunan Engineering Research Center of Sports and Health ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Sports Medicine Research Centre of Sports MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Treatment with metformin can lead to the recovery of pleiotropic biological activities after spinal cord injury.However,its effect on spinal cord injury in aged mice remains unclear.Considering the essential role of angiogenesis during the regeneration process,we hypothesized that metformin activates the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway in endothelial cells,thereby promoting microvascular regeneration in aged mice after spinal cord injury.In this study,we established young and aged mouse models of contusive spinal cord injury using a modified Allen method.We found that aging hindered the recovery of neurological function and the formation of blood vessels in the spinal cord.Treatment with metformin promoted spinal cord microvascular endothelial cell migration and blood vessel formation in vitro.Furthermore,intraperitoneal injection of metformin in an in vivo model promoted endothelial cell proliferation and increased the density of new blood vessels in the spinal cord,thereby improving neurological function.The role of metformin was reversed by compound C,an adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase inhibitor,both in vivo and in vitro,suggesting that the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway likely regulates metformin-mediated angiogenesis after spinal cord injury.These findings suggest that metformin promotes vascular regeneration in the injured spinal cord by activating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway,thereby improving the neurological function of aged mice after spinal cord injury.

关键词： adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway angiogenesis aged mice compound C metformin spinal cord injury

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大数据驱动下航空类课程过程性考核评价研究——以《民航概论》课程为例

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交通企业管理 2024年第4期39卷 118-121页

作者：胡观凯钟建华四川工业科技学院中国民航第二研究所

现代化技术的发展给如今的教学模式带来了巨大变革,教学从传统的线下教学转为“线上+线下”混合式教学模式。这种教学方式不仅能提高教师的教学效率,还能激发学生的学习兴趣,甚至将大量信息化课程资源通过线上线下的教学方式带入课堂。... 详细信息

现代化技术的发展给如今的教学模式带来了巨大变革,教学从传统的线下教学转为“线上+线下”混合式教学模式。这种教学方式不仅能提高教师的教学效率,还能激发学生的学习兴趣,甚至将大量信息化课程资源通过线上线下的教学方式带入课堂。在此教学模式下,航空类课程的教学考核评价就不能再沿用传统的教学评价模式,传统的评价没有包含线上教学环节。大数据的发展给航空类课程的过程性考核评价带来了契机。在大数据驱动下可以实现线上课程数据和线下课程数据的全面整合,从而达到航空课程“课前+课中+课后”全过程性的考核。

关键词：航空类课程过程性考核大数据驱动民航概论混合式教学

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On the Quantum Cohomology of Blow-ups of Four-dimensional Quadrics

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第1期40卷 313-328页

作者： jian Xun hu hua zhong KE Chang Zheng LI Lei SONG School of Mathematics Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275P.R.China

We propose a conjecture relevant to Galkin’s lower bound conjecture,and verify it for the blow-ups of a four-dimensional quadric at a point or along a projective plane.We also show that Conjecture O holds in these tw... 详细信息

关键词： Quantum cohomology blow-up quadric hypersurface

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Tuning Surface Molecular Design of Porous Carbon for Blue Energy Harvesting

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 651-662页

作者： jian Yu zhong-Lin Wang Tianwei Ma Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Hawaii at MānoaHonoluluHI 96822USA Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China College of Engineering Texas A&M University-Corpus ChristiCorpus ChristiTX 78412USA

Capacitive mixing is a promising blue energy technology due to its membrane-free electricity generation and long electrode life cycle.However,because of limited performance,existing systems do not lend themselves to practical implementation.Although it is a crucial factor directly influencing electrode behavior,surface chemistry has largely been overlooked in capacitive mixing.Here,we show that manipulating surface functionalization alone can tune the responses of electrodes to produce a high voltage rise without altering the pore structure of the electrodes.Our findings reveal that the spontaneous electrode potential of a surface-modified carbon electrode shifts negatively proportional to the surface charge due to the surface groups,which explains why and how manipulating the surface chemistry can improve the power generation capacity.

关键词： electrode Porous mixing

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A 1-bp deletion in the MC04g1399 is highly associated with failure to produce fruit wart in bitter gourd

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 171-180页

作者： Jia Liu Junjie Cui Jichi Dong jian zhong Chunfeng zhong Fanchong Yuan Wendong Guan Fang hu Jiaowen Cheng Kailin hu College of Horticulture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(South China) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China Guangdong Vegetables Engineering Research Center GuangzhouGuangdong 510642China Department of Horticulture Foshan UniversityFoshanGuangdong 528225China Henry Fok School of Biology and Agricultural Shaoguan UniversityShaoguanGuangdong 512023China

Fruit wart is an important appearance trait influencing consumer preferences of bitter gourd(Momordica charantia L.).The molecular genetic mechanisms underlying fruit wart formation in bitter gourd are largely unknown.In this study,genetic analysis based on four generations showed that fruit wart formation in bitter gourd was controlled by a single dominant locus named as Fwa.The Fwa locus was initially mapped into a 4.82 Mb region on pseudochromosome 4 by BSA-seq analysis and subsequently narrowed down to a 286.30 kb region by linkage analysis.A large F2population consisting of 2360 individuals was used to screen recombinants,and the Fwa locus was finally fine mapped into a 22.70 kb region harboring four protein-coding genes through recombination analysis.MC04g1399,encoding an epidermal patterning factor 2-like protein,was proposed as the best candidate gene for Fwa via sequence variation and expression analysis.In addition,a 1-bp insertion and deletion(InDel)variation within MC04g1399 was converted to a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence(CAPS)marker that could precisely distinguish between the warty and non-warty types with an accuracy rate of 100%among a wide panel of 126 bitter gourd germplasm resources.Our results not only provide a scientific basis for deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying fruit wart formation but also provide a powerful tool for efficient genetic improvement of fruit wart via marker-assisted selection.

关键词： Bitter gourd Fruit wart Bulk segregant analysis Fine-mapping Candidate gene

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Adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma:Dilemmas at the start of a new era

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 806-810页

作者： jian-Hong zhong Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Guangxi Medical University Cancer HospitalNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

Approximately 50%-70%of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma experience recurrence within five years after curative hepatic resection or ablation.As a result,many patients receive adjuvant therapy after curative resection or ablation in order to prolong recurrence-free survival.The therapy recommended by national guidelines can differ,and guidelines do not specify when to initiate adjuvant therapy or how long to continue it.These and other unanswered questions around adjuvant therapies make it difficult to optimize them and determine which may be more appropriate for a given type of patient.These questions need to be addressed by clinicians and researchers.

关键词： Adjuvant therapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Tumor recurrence Unanswered questions

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Chiral transmission by an open evolution trajectory in a non-Hermitian system

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 628-636页

作者： Xiaoqian Shu Qi zhong Kai Hong Oubo You jian Wang Guangwei hu Andrea Alù Shuang Zhang Demetrios N.Christodoulides Lin Chen Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China. Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311121China. CREOL College of Optics and PhotonicsUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFlorida 32816USA. Department of Physics The University of Hong KongHong KongChina. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore. Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10031USA. Shenzhen huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute Shenzhen 518063China

Exceptional points(EPs),at which two or more eigenvalues and eigenstates of a resonant system coalesce,are associated with non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with gain and/or loss elements.Dynamic encircling of EPs has received significant interest in recent years,as it has been shown to lead to highly nontrivial phenomena,such as chiral transmission in which the final state of the system depends on the encircling handedness.Previously,chiral transmission for a pair of eigenmodes has been realized by establishing a closed dynamical trajectory in parity-time-(PT-)or anti-PT-symmetric systems.Although chiral transmission of symmetry-broken modes,more accessible in practical photonic integrated circuits,has been realized by establishing a closed trajectory encircling EPs in anti-PTsymmetric systems,the demonstrated transmission efficiency is very low due to path-dependent losses.Here,we demonstrate chiral dynamics in a coupled waveguide system that does not require a closed trajectory.Specifically,we explore an open trajectory linking two infinite points having the same asymptotic eigenmodes(not modes in PT-and anti-PT-symmetric systems),demonstrating that this platform enables high-efficiency chiral transmission,with each eigenmode localized in a single waveguide.This concept is experimentally implemented in a coupled silicon waveguide system at telecommunication wavelengths.Our work provides a new evolution strategy for chiral dynamics with superior performance,laying the foundation for the development of practical chiral-transmission devices.

关键词： chiral system symmetric

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Recent progress in self-propelled particles

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 61-77页

作者： Zhen-yu Ouyang jian-zhong Lin Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering Ministry of EducationNingbo UniversityNingbo315201China Department of Mechanics State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic SystemsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

Self-propelled particles are commonly found in a large number of planktonic organisms such as bacteria,fungi,and algae in nature,and researchers have taken a long interest in exploring their swimming mechanisms for more than a century.Especially in the past 20 years,with the development of computational fluid dynamics and flow display technology,as well as the need for the design of synthetic self-propelled particles and micro-swimming devices,self-propelled particles have become the forefront and hotspot of current research in the field of fluid mechanics.This paper first introduces the swimming characteristics of common self-propelled particles,leading to a classic“squirmer”type self-propelled particle model.On this basis,a systematic introduction and summary of the theoretical and numerical simulation research of“squirmer”will be conducted.Finally,the main challenges and opportunities faced by the current research will be summarized.

关键词： Self-propelled particles multiphase flow hydrodynamic interaction

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Study on 6-DOF active vibration-isolation system of the ultra-precision turning lathe based on GA-BP-PID control for dynamic loads

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第1期12卷 33-60页

作者： Bo Wang zhong jiang Pei-Da hu Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084People’s Republic of China Institute of Machinery Manufacturing Technology China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang621900SichuanPeople’s Republic of China

The vibration disturbance from an external environment affects the machining accuracy of ultra-precision machining equipment.Most active vibration-isolation systems(AVIS)have been developed based on static loads.When a vibration-isolation load changes dynamically during ultra-precision turning lathe machining,the system parameters change,and the efficiency of the active vibration-isolation system based on the traditional control strategy deteriorates.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a vibration-isolation control strategy based on a genetic algorithm-back propagation neural network-PID control(GA-BP-PID),which can automatically adjust the control parameters according to the machining conditions.Vibration-isolation simulations and experiments based on passive vibration isolation,a PID algorithm,and the GA-BP-PID algorithm under dynamic load machining conditions were conducted.The experimental results demonstrated that the active vibration-isolation control strategy designed in this study could effectively attenuate vibration disturbances in the external environment under dynamic load conditions.This design is reasonable and feasible.

关键词： Ultra-precision diamond turning lathe Active vibration isolation Six degrees of freedom Dynamic load Genetic algorithm-back propagation neural network-PID(GA-BP-PID)control

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