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Ensemble projections of climate and streamflow in a typical basin of semi-arid steppes in Mongolian Plateau of 2021-2100

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 230-243页

作者： Hang PAN jian-Ping TANG Liang cheng Man-chun LI jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather/Ministry of Education Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The Kherlen River is the main water source for Hulun Lake,the largest lake in northern China.Due to reduced inflow from the Kherlen River,Hulun Lake experienced rapid shrinkage at the beginning of the 21st century,posing a serious threat to the ecological security of northern China.However,there is still a significant lack of projections regarding future climate change and its hydrological response in the Kherlen River basin.This study analyzed the projected climate and streamflow changes in the Kherlen River basin,a vital yet vulnerable international semi-arid steppes type basin.A combination of multi-model ensemble projection techniques,and the soil and water assessment tool(SWAT)model was employed to examine the spatio-temporal changes in precipitation,temperature,streamflow,and the associated uncertainties in the basin.The temperature(an increase of 1.84-6.42℃)and the precipitation(an increase of 15.0-46.0 mm)of Kherlen River basin are projected to increase by 2100,leading to a rise in streamflow(1.08-4.78 m^(3) s^(-1)).The upstream of the Kherlen River exhibits remarkable increasing trends in precipitation,which has a dominant influence on streamflow of Kherlen River.Noteworthy increases in streamflow are observed in April,August,September,and October compared to the reference period(1971-2000).These findings suggest a partial alleviation of water scarcity in the Kherlen River,but also an increased likelihood of hydrological extreme events.The projected temperature increase in the Kherlen River basin exhibits the smallest uncertainty,while more pronounced uncertainties are found in precipitation and streamflow.The spread among the results of CMIP6 models is greater than that of CMIP5 models,with lower signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)values for temperature,precipitation,and streamflow.

关键词： Climate change Flow projection Uncertainty SWAT Mongolian Plateau

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High-efficiency sodium storage of Co_(0.85)Se/WSe_(2) encapsulated in N-doped carbon polyhedron via vacancy and heterojunction engineering

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 94-107页

作者： Ya Ru Pei Hong Yu Zhou Ming Zhao jian Chen Li Xin Ge Wei Zhang chun cheng Yang Qing jiang Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Jilin University) Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchunChina Jilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Clean Energy Materials Electron Microscopy CenterJilin UniversityChangchunChina

With the advantage of fast charge transfer,heterojunction engineering is identified as a viable method to reinforce the anodes'sodium storage performance.Also,vacancies can effectively strengthen the Na+adsorption ability and provide extra active sites for Na+adsorption.However,their synchronous engineering is rarely reported.Herein,a hybrid of Co_(0.85)Se/WSe_(2) heterostructure with Se vacancies and N-doped carbon polyhedron(CoWSe/NCP)has been fabricated for the first time via a hydrothermal and subsequent selenization strategy.Spherical aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy confirms the phase interface of the Co_(0.85)Se/WSe_(2) heterostructure and the existence of Se vacancies.Density functional theory simulations reveal the accelerated charge transfer and enhanced Na+adsorption ability,which are contributed by the Co_(0.85)Se/WSe_(2) heterostructure and Se vacancies,respectively.As expected,the CoWSe/NCP anode in sodium-ion battery achieves outstanding rate capability(339.6 mAh g^(−1) at 20 A g^(−1)),outperforming almost all Co/W-based selenides.

关键词： Co_(0.85)Se/WSe_(2)heterostructure density functional theory simulations N-doped carbon polyhedron Se vacancies sodium-ion batteries

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Impact of microplastics and nanoplastics on liver health:Current understanding and future research directions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1011-1017页

作者： chun-cheng Chiang Hsuan Yeh Ruei-Feng Shiu Wei-chun Chin Tzung-Hai Yen School of Medicine University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Pittsburgh Liver Research Center University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Division of Experimental Pathology Department of PathologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Division of Endocrinology Department of PediatricsUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Center of Excellence for The Oceans National Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 20224Taiwan Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology National Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung 20224TaiwanChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California MercedMercedCA 95343United States Department of Nephrology Clinical Poison CenterChang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan 333TaiwanChina College of Medicine Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 333TaiwanChina

With continuous population and economic growth in the 21st century,plastic pollution is a major global issue.However,the health concern of microplastics/nanoplastics(MPs/NPs)decomposed from plastic wastes has drawn public attention only in the recent decade.This article summarizes recent works dedicated to understanding the impact of MPs/NPs on the liver-the largest digestive organ,which is one of the primary routes that MPs/NPs enter human bodies.The interrelated mechanisms including oxidative stress,hepatocyte energy re-distribution,cell death and autophagy,as well as immune responses and inflammation,were also featured.In addition,the disturbance of microbiome and gut-liver axis,and the association with clinical diseases such as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease,steatohepatitis,liver fibrosis,and cirrhosis were briefly discussed.Finally,we discussed potential directions in regard to this trending topic,highlighted current challenges in research,and proposed possible solutions.

关键词： Microplastics Nanoplastics Liver Reactive oxidative species Cell death Autophagy Innate immunity Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Gut-liver axis

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Facile synthesis of high-brightness green-emitting carbon dots with narrow bandwidth towards backlight display

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 277-282页

作者： Rui cheng Tingting Zhang Xin Huang jian Yu State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China

High-performance carbon dots(CDs)allowing the application in high-end display devices are highly desirable and usually limited by the absence of simple and easy synthesis methods.In this work,we exploited an easy-to-implement strategy for the one-step synthesis of green-emitting CDs(G-CDs)with superb optical properties.The G-CDs were synthesized using m-phenylenediamine(m-PD)as a single precursor,and the reaction reacted at 180℃for 12 h The resultant G-CDs exhibit high-purity and excitationindependent green fluorescence with the photoluminescence(PL)peak located at 516 nm,full width at half maximum(FWHM)of 46 nm,and PL quantum yield(QY)of∼80%under the 470nm excitation light.The G-CDs and corresponding composite film prepared with polyvinyl butyral(G-CDs@PVB)exhibit good PL stability after undergoing long-time storage for one year and 360 h exposure under 460nm blue light.The G-CDs@PVB film was used as color-conversion materials in green-emitting light-emitting diode(LED)application,exhibiting a Commission internationale de l’Eclairage(CIE)chromaticity coordinate of(0.21,0.44).The film was also used in CD-based liquid crystal display(CD-LCD)application,achieving a color gamut value of 85%.This work will offer a working basis for the synthesis of high-performance CDs as well as their application in displays.

关键词： Carbon dots One-step synthesis Narrow bandwidth High quantum yield Display

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Understanding the molecular crossroads in acute liver failure:A pathway to new therapies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第23期30卷 2931-2933页

作者： chun-Yao cheng Wen-Rui Hao Tzu-Hurng cheng Department of Medical Education National Taiwan University HospitalTaipei 100225Taiwan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineShuang Ho HospitalMinistry of Health and WelfareTaipei Medical UniversityNew Taipei 23561Taiwan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11002Taiwan Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineCollege of MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung 404333Taiwan

In this editorial we comment on the article published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.Acute liver failure(ALF)is a critical condition characterized by rapid hepatocellular injury and organ dysfunction,and it often necessitates liver transplant to ensure patient survival.Recent research has eluci-dated the involvement of distinct cell death pathways,namely ferroptosis and pyroptosis,in the pathogenesis of ALF.Ferroptosis is driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation,whereas pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of cell death;both pathways contribute to hepatocyte death and exacerbate tissue damage.This comprehensive review explores the interplay between ferroptosis and pyroptosis in ALF,highlighting the role of key regulators such as silent information regulator sirtuin 1.Insights from clinical and preclinical studies provide valuable perspectives on the dysregulation of cell death pathways in ALF and the therapeutic potential of targeting these pathways.Collaboration across multiple disciplines is essential for translating the experimental insights into effective treatments for this life-threatening condition.

关键词： Silent information regulator sirtuin 1 Ferroptosis Pyroptosis P53/glutathione peroxidase 4/gasdermin D Acute liver failure

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A new era for paclitaxel biosynthesis is coming

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 370-371页

作者： Xiaonan Liu Xiaoxi Zhu jian cheng Huifeng jiang Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjin 300308China National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308China

Paclitaxel(Taxol)stands out as a tetracyclic diterpenoid natural product derived from the endangered plant Taxus.Recognized as a pivotal broad-spectrum anticancer drug,it has garnered widespread attention due to its low yield,intricate structure,unique anticancer mechanism,and remarkable efficacy(Tong et al.,2021).Although chemists achieved the total synthesis of paclitaxel 30 years ago,after decades of research,the natural biosynthetic pathway for its production remains an enigma(Ajikumar et al.,2010;Malci et al.,2023).A recent breakthrough,published in Molecular Plant by Alisdair R.Fernie's team,unveils a minimal gene set of 18 genes required for paclitaxel biosynthesis(Zhang et al.,2023),representing a significant mark toward unraveling the entire biosynthetic pathway and enhancing paclitaxel production efficiency.

关键词： breakthrough representing synthesis

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Effect of bariatric surgery on metabolism in diabetes and obesity comorbidity:Insight from recent research

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 586-590页

作者： Hui-Hong Tang Dong Wang cheng-chun Tang Department of Cardiology Zhongda HospitalSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009Jiangsu ProvinceChina School of Medicine Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Obesity is a prevalent cause of diabetes mellitus(DM)and is a serious danger to human health.Type 2 DM(T2DM)mostly occurs along with obesity.Foodborne obesity-induced DM is caused by an excessive long-term diet and surplus energy.Bariatric surgery can improve the symptoms of T2DM in some obese patients.But different types of bariatric surgery may have different effects.There are some models built by researchers to discuss the surgical procedures’effects on me-tabolism in diabetes animal models and diabetes patients.It is high time to conclude all this effects and recommend procedures that can better improve metabolism.

关键词： Bariatric surgery Obesity Diabetes Animal models Diabetes patients

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Ellagic acid inhibits gastric cancer cells by modulating oxidative stress and inducing apoptosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第4期14卷 162-169页

作者： jian Zheng chun-Feng Li Department of Diagnostic Radiology Division Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHeilongjiangChina Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Ward Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHeilongjiangChina

Objective:To evaluate the anticancer effect of ellagic acid on gastric cancer cells.Methods:MTT assay was used to evaluate the effect of ellagic acid at different concentrations(0.5-100μg/mL)on gastric cancer AGS cells.RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses were applied to assess apoptosis(BCL-2,CASP-3,and BAX)and autophagy(LC3,ATG5,and BECN1)in AGS cells treated with ellagic acid.The expression of invasion-related markers including TP53,CDKN2A,and PTEN was determined.In addition,cell cycle markers including cyclin A,B,D,and E were measured by ELISA.Oxidative stress markers were evaluated using spectrophotometry.Results:Ellagic acid inhibited the proliferation of AGS cells in a concentration-and time-dependent manner.The expression of BCL-2 was significantly decreased(P0.05).Moreover,the oxidative stress markers including SOD,TAC,and MDA were increased by ellagic acid(P<0.01).Conclusions:Ellagic acid can inhibit cell proliferation,induce apoptosis,and modulate oxidative stress in AGS cells.However,further in vivo and molecular studies are needed to verify its anticancer efficacy.

关键词： Ellagic acid Gastric cancer Apoptosis Autophagy Metastasis Proliferation

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Multi-objective optimization and evaluation of supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle for nuclear power generation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 183-209页

作者： Guo-Peng Yu Yong-Feng cheng Na Zhang Ping-jian Ming Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China

The supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle is considered a promising energy conversion system for Generation IV reactors for its simple layout,compact structure,and high cycle efficiency.Mathematical models of four Brayton cycle layouts are developed in this study for different reactors to reduce the cost and increase the thermohydraulic performance of nuclear power generation to promote the commercialization of nuclear energy.Parametric analysis,multi-objective optimizations,and four decision-making methods are applied to obtain each Brayton scheme’s optimal thermohydraulic and economic indexes.Results show that for the same design thermal power scale of reactors,the higher the core’s exit temperature,the better the Brayton cycle’s thermo-economic performance.Among the four-cycle layouts,the recompression cycle(RC)has the best overall performance,followed by the simple recuperation cycle(SR)and the intercooling cycle(IC),and the worst is the reheating cycle(RH).However,RH has the lowest total cost of investment(C_(tot))of$1619.85 million,and IC has the lowest levelized cost of energy(LCOE)of 0.012$/(kWh).The nuclear Brayton cycle system’s overall performance has been improved due to optimization.The performance of the molten salt reactor combined with the intercooling cycle(MSR-IC)scheme has the greatest improvement,with the net output power(W_(net)),thermal efficiencyη_(t),and exergy efficiency(η_(e))improved by 8.58%,8.58%,and 11.21%,respectively.The performance of the lead-cooled fast reactor combined with the simple recuperation cycle scheme was optimized to increase C_(tot) by 27.78%.In comparison,the internal rate of return(IRR)increased by only 7.8%,which is not friendly to investors with limited funds.For the nuclear Brayton cycle,the molten salt reactor combined with the recompression cycle scheme should receive priority,and the gas-cooled fast reactor combined with the reheating cycle scheme should be considered carefully.

关键词： Supercritical CO_(2)Brayton cycle Nuclear power generation Thermo-economic analysis Multi-objective optimization Decision-making methods

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MiRNA-145-5p inhibits gastric cancer progression via the serpin family E member 1-extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 axis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 2123-2140页

作者： Hong-Xia Bai Xue-Mei Qiu chun-Hong Xu jian-Qiang Guo Department of Gastroenterology The Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250000Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology Liaocheng People’s HospitalLiaocheng 252000Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Reproductive Center Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalZaozhuang 277000Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND MicroRNAs(miRNAs)regulate gene expression and play a critical role in cancer physiology.However,there is still a limited understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in gastric cancer(GC).AIM To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of miRNA-145-5p(miR145-5p)in the progression of GC.METHODS Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect miRNA expression in human GC tissues and cells.The ability of cancer cells to migrate and invade was assessed using wound-healing and transwell assays,respectively.Cell proliferation was measured using cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays,and apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry.Expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated protein was determined by Western blot.Targets of miR-145-5p were predicated using bioinformatics analysis and verified using a dual-luciferase reporter system.Serpin family E member 1(SERPINE1)expression in GC tissues and cells was evaluated using RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining.The correlation between SERPINE1 expression and overall patient survival was determined using Kaplan-Meier plot analysis.The association between SERPINE1 and GC progression was also tested.A rescue experiment of SERPINE1 overexpression was conducted to verify the relationship between this protein and miR-145-5p.The mechanism by which miR-145-5p influences GC progression was further explored by assessing tumor formation in nude mice.RESULTS GC tissues and cells had reduced miR-145-5p expression and SERPINE1 was identified as a direct target of this miRNA.Overexpression of miR-145-5p was associated with decreased GC cell proliferation,invasion,migration,and EMT,and these effects were reversed by forcing SERPINE1 expression.Kaplan-Meier plot analysis revealed that patients with higher SERPINE1 expression had a shorter survival rate than those with lower SERPINE1 expression.Nude mouse tumorigenesis experiments confirmed that miR-145-5p targets SERPINE1 to regulate extracellular signal-regu

关键词： Gastric cancer MicroRNA-145-5p Serpin family E member 1 Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Proliferation Extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2

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