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Human influence on the duration of extreme temperature events in Asia's hotspot regions

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 312-326页

作者： Zi-Meng WANG Hong-Yun MA Wei li Hai-shan CHEN Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Observations and models indicate that human activities exert a considerable impact on the frequency and intensity of extreme temperature events,which are associated with global ***,changes in the duration of extreme temperature events and their association with human influence have not been considered in most ***,the possible relationship between the observed changes in the warm and cold spell duration(WSDI and CSDI)in hotspot regions during 1960-2014 and human influence was investigated based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis version 1 and Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)*** projection based on these attribution results was also *** optimal fingerprinting technique was used to compare observed changes in WSDI and CSDI to simulated changes averaged across eight CMIP6 *** show that anthropogenic(ANT)forcing contributed to the observed increase in WSDI in the three hotspot regions(West Asia,South Asia and Southeast Asia),with the majority of the changes being attributed to greenhouse gas ***,a generally weak ANT signal can be observed in the decreasing trend of CSDI and can be detected in South and Southeast *** influence of aerosol forcing remains undetected in either WSDI or CSDI,which differs from the results for frequency and intensity of extreme *** attribution results revealed that the constrained projection of WSDI is lower than the raw projection for 2015-2100 in West Asia and Southeast ***,no differences in future CSDI changes are found in Southeast Asia between the constrained and raw projections.

关键词： Extreme temperature events Duration Detection attribution Constraint projection Hotspot regions

Strategies for the development and approval of COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics in the post-pandemic period

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 19-35页

作者： Danyi Ao Xuemei He jian liu li Xu State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China HospitalSichuan University610041 SichuanPeople’s Republic of China

The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has resulted in significant casualties and put immense strain on public health systems worldwide,leading to economic recession and social *** response,various prevention and control strategies have been implemented globally,including vaccine and drug development and the promotion of preventive *** these strategies has effectively curbed the transmission of the virus,reduced infection rates,and gradually restored normal social and economic ***,the mutations of SARS-CoV-2 have led to inevitable infections and reinfections,and the number of deaths continues to ***,there is still a need to improve existing prevention and control strategies,mainly focusing on developing novel vaccines and drugs,expediting medical authorization processes,and keeping epidemic *** measures are crucial to combat the Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)pandemic and achieve sustained,long-term prevention,management,and disease ***,we summarized the characteristics of existing COVID-19 vaccines and drugs and suggested potential future directions for their ***,we discussed the COVID-19-related policies implemented over the past years and presented some strategies for the future.

关键词： prevention sustained approval

Naturally occurring PA^(E206K)point mutation in 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza viruses impairs viral replication at high temperatures

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 71-80页

作者： Mengmeng Cao Qiannan Jia Jinghua li lili Zhao li zhu Yufan Zhang shan li Tao Deng National Institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

The emergence of influenza virus A pandemic H1N1 in April 2009 marked the first pandemic of the 21st *** this study,we observed significant differences in the polymerase activities of two clinical 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus isolates from Chinese and Japanese *** comparison of the three main protein subunits(PB2,PB1,and PA)of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex and subsequent mutational analysis revealed that a single amino acid substitution(E206K)was responsible for the observed impaired replication *** in vitro experiments showed that presence of PAE206K decreased the replication of influenza A/WSN/33 virus in mammalian cells and a reduction in the virus’s pathogenicity in *** studies revealed that PAE206K is a temperature-sensitive mutant associated with the inability to transport PB1–PA complex to the nucleus at high temperature(39.5℃).Hence,this naturally occurring variant in the PA protein represents an ideal candidate mutation for the development of live attenuated influenza vaccines.

关键词： H1N1 Influenza A virus Polymerase acidic protein Point mutation Viral replication

Snowpack variations and their hazardous effects under climate warming in the central Tianshan Mountains

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 442-451页

作者： jian-Sheng HAO Yan WANG Lan-Hai li Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Utilization in Arid Zone Urumqi 830011China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Tianshan Snowcover and Avalanche Observation and Research Station of Xinjiang Xinyuan 835800China CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Urumqi 830011China

Climate change alters snowpack evolution,which in turn influences the likelihood of snow avalanches and flood *** lack of systemic observational data on key snow characteristics in high mountains remains a scientific challenge in terms of systematically elucidating the dynamic chain of variations in climate-snowpack-snow *** restricts our understanding and poses challenges in the prediction of snow-related disaster *** such,this study analysed the variations of temperature and snowfall and the physical characteristics of snowpacks based on ground-based observations from the Kunse River Valley situated in the Tianshan Mountains from 1967 to *** results reveal that the temperature increased significantly by 0.32°C per decade(plier ***,average and maximum snow depths increased along with an increase in peak snow water equivalent,thus indicating a higher frequency of extremely scarce or abundant snow *** low snowpack temperature gradient and earlier snowmelt dates in spring lead to earlier occurrences of snowmelt floods and wet *** the risks of these events increase,they pose greater threats to farmlands,road transportation,water-electricity infrastructure and several other human ***,these insights are critical for providing vital information that can deepen our understanding of the impact of climate change on snowpack characteristics and improve management strategies for snow-related disaster prevention and mitigation.

关键词： Climate change Snowpack variations Snow-related disaster Tianshan Mountains

Experimental study on the size effect on the equation of state of concretes under shock loading

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 160-167页

作者： Mei li jian Cui Yanchao Shi Baijian Tang Xin Chen Key Laboratory of Coast Civil Structural Safety of the Ministry of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Civil Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology1701 Binhe RoadSuzhou 215011JiangsuChina School of Civil Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Adopting the classical theory of hydrocodes,the constitutive relations of concretes are separated into an equation of state(EoS)which describes the volumetric behavior of concrete material and a strength model which depicts the shear properties of *** experiments on the EoS of concrete is always challenging due to the technical difficulties and equipment limitations,especially for the specimen size effect on the *** some researchers investigate the shock properties of concretes by fly-plate impact tests,the specimens used in their tests are usually in one *** this paper,the fly-plate impact tests on concrete specimens with different sizes are performed to investigate the size effect on the shock properties of concrete *** mechanical background of the size effect on the shock properties are revealed,which is related to the lateral rarefaction effect and the deviatoric stress produced in the *** to the tests results,the modified EoS considering the size effect on the shock properties of concrete are proposed,which the bulk modulus of concrete is unpredicted by up to 20% if size effects are not accounted for.

关键词： Concrete Equation of state Size effect Shock wave Fly-plate impact test

Primary biliary cholangitis presenting with granulomatous lung disease misdiagnosed as lung cancer:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 354-360页

作者： shan-li Feng Jun-Yao li Chun-ling Dong Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041Jilin ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND There are few cases of pulmonary granulomatous changes secondary to primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC).No case of granulomatous lung disease secondary to PBC misdiagnosed as lung cancer had been *** SUMMARY A middle-aged woman presented with lung nodules and was misdiagnosed with lung cancer by positron emission tomography/computed *** underwent left lobectomy,and the pathology of the nodules showed granulomatous inflammation,which was then treated with ***,a new nodule *** investigation with lung biopsy and liver serology led to the diagnosis of PBC,and chest computed tomography indicated significant reduction in the pulmonary nodule by treatment with methylprednisolone and ursodeoxycholic *** Diagnosis of pulmonary nodules requires integrating various clinical data to avoid unnecessary pulmonary lobectomy.

关键词： Granulomatous lung diseases Primary biliary cirrhosis Differential diagnosis Misdiagnosis Lung cancer Case report

Indexing dynamic encrypted database in cloud for efficient secure k-nearest neighbor query

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第1期18卷 187-198页

作者： Xingxin li Youwen ZHU Rui XU jian WANG Yushu ZHANG College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Department of Mathematical Informatics University of TokyoTokyo 113-8654Japan Guangxi Key Laboratory of Trusted Software Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China School of Computer Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Secure k-Nearest Neighbor(k-NN)query aims to find k nearest data of a given query from an encrypted database in a cloud server without revealing privacy to the untrusted cloud and has wide applications in many areas,such as privacy-preservingmachine elearning gand secure biometric *** solutions have been put forward to solve this challenging ***,the existing schemes still suffer from various limitations in terms of efficiency and *** this paper,we propose a new encrypt-then-index strategy for the secure k-NN query,which can simultaneously achieve sub-linear search complexity(efficiency)and support dynamical update over the encrypted database(flexibility).Specifically,we propose a novel algorithm to transform the encrypted database and encrypted query points in the *** indexing the transformed database using spatial data structures such as the R-tree index,our strategy enables sub-linear complexity for secure k-NN queries and allows users to dynamically update the encrypted *** the best of our knowledge,the proposed strategy is the first to simultaneously provide these two *** theoretical analysis and extensive experiments,we formally prove the security and demonstrate the efficiency of our scheme.

关键词： cloud computing secure k-NN query sub-linear complexity dynamicupdate

Recanalization of anastomotic occlusion following rectal cancer surgery using a rendezvous endoscopic technique with transillumination:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第37期30卷 4149-4155页

作者： Jun Chi Guang-Yu Luo Hong-Bo shan Jun-Zhong lin Xiao-Jun Wu jian-Jun li Department of Endoscopy Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer Guangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Colorectal Surgery Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colorectal anastomotic occlusion is a serious complication of colorectal cancer *** several treatment strategies have been proposed,the mana-gement of anastomotic occlusion remains *** this report,we present a case of anastomotic occlusion recanalization performed using a novel technique involving two endoscopes,one for radial incision and the other serving as a guide *** novel technique offers significant advantages in terms of operational feasibility,reduced invasiveness,rapid recovery,and shortened hospital *** SUMMARY A 37-year-old man underwent low anterior resection and prophylactic double-lumen ileostomy for rectal cancer in June,*** months later,complete anastomotic occlusion was observed on ***,we developed a novel atresia recanalization *** endoscopes were placed,one through the colonic anastomosis and the other through the anus.A radial incision was successfully made from the colonic side,guided by the light of the endoscope from the anal *** recanal-ization was performed within 20 *** weeks after recanalization,colonoscopy revealed that the diameter of the colorectal anastomosis was approximately 16 mm and the patient therefore underwent stoma reversal in *** the follow-up period of approximately one year,the patient remained well and no stenosis or obstruction symptoms were *** Endoscopic atresia recanalization of colorectal anastomotic occlusion assisted by an opposing light source is safe and effective.

关键词： Endoscopy Atresia recanalization Anastomotic occlusion light source Case report

Design of weak current measurement system and research on temperature impact

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 46-56页

作者： Chu-Xiang Zhao San-Gang li Rong-Rong Su li Yang Ming-Zhe liu Qing-Yue Xue shan liao Zhi Zhou Qing-shan Tan Xian-Guo Tuo Yi Cheng College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of Technology1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of Technology1#DongsanluErxianqiaoChengdu 610059China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong 643000China

A dedicated weak current measurement system was designed to measure the weak currents generated by the neutron ionization *** system incorporates a second-order low-pass filter circuit and the Kalman filtering algorithm to effectively filter out noise and minimize interference in the measurement *** conducted under normal temperature conditions has demonstrated the system's high precision ***,it was observed that temperature variations can affect the measurement *** were collected across temperatures ranging from -20 to 70℃,and a temperature correction model was established through linear regression fitting to address this *** feasibility of the temperature correction model was confirmed at temperatures of -5 and 40℃,where relative errors remained below 0.1% after applying the temperature *** research indicates that the designed measurement system exhibits excellent temperature adaptability and high precision,making it particularly suitable for measuring weak currents.

关键词： Weak current measurement system Neutron ionization chamber Kalman filter algorithm Temperature correction model