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Toughness and characterization of reactive powder concrete with ultra-high strength

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第4期52卷 1000-1018页

作者： Yang Ju HongBin Liu jian chen YuDan Jia PeiHuo Peng State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining China University of Mining & Technology Beijing 100083 China Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering The University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1110 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA Building Design Division China Nuclear Power Engineering Co. Ltd Beijing 100840 China School of Civil Engineering University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK

A number of three-point bending and fracture tests of 200 MPa-level reactive powder concrete (RPC) with the various fiber contents have been conducted to probe the nature and characteristics of toughness of RPC200. The contribution of the embedded fibers to improving the crack-resistant capacity, energy absorption capacity and toughness with various deformation mechanisms has been analyzed. Taking account of that the first-crack deformation, peak-load deformation and their improvement varied with the fiber contents and that the deformation mechanism affected differently the performance at the first crack and the peak load, we took the peak-load deformation of plain RPC200 as the reference deformation to measure the toughness of fibered RPC200. Two toughness indices T 2(n−1)(n) and FT 2(n−1)(n) have been formulated based on P-δ responses and P-CMOD responses. The indices quantify the toughness of RPC200 with the various deformation mechanisms relative to perfectly elastoplastic materials by setting the toughness level 2(n−1) as the initial reference. It is shown that the toughness index T 2(n−1)(n) reflects the function of fibers to improve the toughness of RPC with the deformation throughout specimens, but overestimates the contribution to enhancing the toughness in post-peak periods. It underestimates, on other hands, the contribution to improving the toughness in the period from the first crack to the peak load. In contrast, the toughness index FT 2(n−1)(n) properly presents the capability that fibers absorb energy and constrain crack propagation in the matrix when the deformation is concentrated on the open crack. The proposed index unveils the contribution of fibers to toughening RPC200 both in the period from the first-crack to the peak load and in the period of post peak. This characterization method not only reveals the nature of toughness but also levels the toughness of RPC200. I

关键词： reactive powder concrete toughness characterization index deformation mechanism flexure fracture

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Research on the New One Rod Contraceptive Implant Containing Gestodene

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2007年第2期18卷 86-88页

作者： Hai-lin chen jian-xing chen Shanghai Institute of Planned Pare thood Research Shanghai 200032 China

Objective To develop a new contraceptive implant containing gestodene featuring with only one rod for 5 years long effectiveness and safety. Methods Gestodene synthesis, polymer tube designatiou, in vitro or in vivo test, the pilot test was used for the establishing of minimum clinic dosage. Results It had a burst effect at beginning and become constantly releasing since 12th day. It had zero-order releasing, in vitro, the average releasing rate was 17.0-19.1μg/d, the safe dosage was 70.2mg/kg, C1hr. was 2.91 ± 1.25 ng/ml, Tmax was 8.86± 4.32 h, C was 7.31 ± 1.09 ng/ml, Tss was 14 d, Css was 4.16 ±0.48 ng/ml. Twenty-four hours later after removal of the implant, gestodene was ahnost cleaned out in the blood circulation and only trace amount of drug was detected after the removal. Conclusion One rod gestodene implant is a new tong effective contraceptive and may be promising.

关键词： gestodene implant contraceptive

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基于皮肤擦拭采样的石化从业人群OCPs皮肤暴露评估

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中国环境科学 2024年第9期44卷 5286-5292页

作者：郭建罗孝俊曾艳红麦碧娴广东石油化工学院广东茂名525000 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室与广东省资源环境利用与保护重点实验室广东广州510640

以茂名市(华南典型石化及农业城市)的30名石化从业人员(男女各半)作为样本,对其裸露部位(额头、手掌)和衣物遮蔽部位(前臂、小腿)的皮肤进行擦拭采样,通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)测定了样品中10种有机氯农药(OCPs)的含量并计算暴... 详细信息

以茂名市(华南典型石化及农业城市)的30名石化从业人员(男女各半)作为样本,对其裸露部位(额头、手掌)和衣物遮蔽部位(前臂、小腿)的皮肤进行擦拭采样,通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)测定了样品中10种有机氯农药(OCPs)的含量并计算暴露剂量.研究发现,10种OCPs在所有样品中均有不同程度的检出率(1.7%~57%),其中六六六(HCH)的平均检出率(35%)明显高于滴滴涕(DDT)(5.3%).所有样品的OCPs浓度范围为n.d.~3050ng/m^(2),不同皮肤部位的OCPs浓度差异显著(P手掌>前臂>小腿.皮肤暴露剂量(DAD_(derm))和手-口接触暴露剂量(DAD_(oral))的范围分别为n.d.~13和n.d.~0.2.ng/(kg·d),两者均以HCH的贡献为主(>60%).头颈部是DAD_(derm)贡献率最高的皮肤部位(87%).尽管女性的DAD_(derm)和DAD_(oral)均高于男性,但差异不显著(P>0.05).健康风险评价结果表明,所有样本的皮肤及手-口接触致癌风险均处于可接受水平范围(<10^(-4)),但女性致癌风险相对较高.

关键词：石化从业人群有机氯农药皮肤暴露健康风险

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受损神经来源的mtDNA通过GRP75增加线粒体内Ca2+水平诱导U87细胞凋亡和小鼠痛觉敏化

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陆军军医大学学报 2024年第18期46卷 2081-2091页

作者：黄鹏辉李丽崔剑陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院疼痛科重庆400038

目的探讨受损神经来源的线粒体DNA(mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA)对人脑星形胶质母细胞瘤细胞(human glioblastoma cell line U-87MG,U87)内GRP75蛋白表达、线粒体Ca^(2+)水平、细胞凋亡的影响,及其诱导小鼠痛觉敏化的机制。方法采用坐骨神... 详细信息

目的探讨受损神经来源的线粒体DNA(mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA)对人脑星形胶质母细胞瘤细胞(human glioblastoma cell line U-87MG,U87)内GRP75蛋白表达、线粒体Ca^(2+)水平、细胞凋亡的影响,及其诱导小鼠痛觉敏化的机制。方法采用坐骨神经慢性缩窄(chronic constriction injury,CCI)建立小鼠神经病理性疼痛(neuropathic pain,NeP)模型,采用随机数字表法将20只C57BL/6雄性小鼠(6~8周龄,体质量20~30 g)分为4组:假手术组、CCI-7天组、CCI-14天组、CCI-21天组,行为学检测痛觉敏化情况,实时荧光定量PCR法(quantitative Real-time PCR,qPCR)检测小鼠脊髓中mtDNA含量变化。从H_(2)O_(2)处理的人神经母细胞瘤细胞(human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y,SH-SY5Y)提取mtDNA。采用浓度为0~1 ng/μL的mtDNA处理U87细胞。CCK-8检测细胞活力变化,根据结果选择适宜的实验浓度。将U87细胞分为5组:对照组、mtDNA组、mtDNA+GRP75抑制剂(MKT-0771μg/mL)组、mtDNA+钙螯合剂(BAPTA-AM 10μmol/L)组和mtDNA+MKT-077+BAPTA-AM组,mtDNA处理前2 h分别予以MKT-077、BAPTA-AM预处理。Western blot检测GRP75蛋白(glucose-regulated protein 75,GRP75)的表达,内质网-线粒体共定位染色观察内质网-线粒体连接;钙离子荧光探针检测线粒体Ca^(2+)水平;活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)及线粒体膜电位检测评估线粒体氧化应激功能;PI荧光标记检测U87细胞凋亡率。结果与假手术组相比,CCI-21天组小鼠脊髓中用于检测mtDNA含量的细胞色素c氧化酶I(cytochrome c oxidase I,CO1)和NADH脱氢酶亚基1(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase 1,ND1)均升高,CO1:1.01±0.20 vs 2.22±0.26(Png/μL)可抑制U87细胞活力(P2.ng/μL mtDNA可上调GRP75蛋白的表达(P<0.05),促进内质网-线粒体偶联,增加线粒体Ca^(2+)水平(109.4±62.6 vs 540.3±150.3,P<0.05),并诱使线粒体释放ROS增多(P<0.05)。MKT-077或/和BAPTA-AM处理后,线粒体Ca^(2+)量减少,线粒体膜电位改善,PI检测显示U87细胞凋亡率降低[mtDNA组vs mtDNA+MKT-077组:(18.39±2.09)vs(13.22±1.42),P<0.05;mtDNA组vs mtDNA+BAPTA-AM组:(18.39±2.09)vs(12.09±1.53),P<0.05;mtDNA组vs mtDNA+MKT-077+BAPTA-AM组:(18.39±2.09)vs(11.65±2.09),P<0.05]。结论受损神经来源的mtDNA可上调GRP75蛋白的表达、干扰线粒体Ca^(2+)水平、加剧线粒体氧化应激,以诱导U87细胞凋亡,这可能是一种参与NeP形成的新机制。

关键词：神经病理性疼痛 mtDNA GRP75 钙凋亡

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Federated Learning with Privacy-preserving and Model IP-right-protection

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第1期20卷 19-37页

作者： Qiang Yang Anbu Huang Lixin Fan Chee Seng Chan jian Han Lim Kam Woh ng Ding Sheng Ong Bowen Li WeBank Shenzhen 518057China Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong 999077China University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia University of Surrey Guildford GU27XHUK University of Aberystwyth Wales SY233DDUK Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240China

In the past decades,artificial intelligence(AI)has achieved unprecedented success,where statistical models become the central entity in ***,the centralized training and inference paradigm for building and using these models is facing more and more privacy and legal *** bridge the gap between data privacy and the need for data fusion,an emerging AI paradigm feder-ated learning(FL)has emerged as an approach for solving data silos and data privacy *** on secure distributed AI,feder-ated learning emphasizes data security throughout the lifecycle,which includes the following steps:data preprocessing,training,evalu-ation,and *** keeps data security by using methods,such as secure multi-party computation(MPC),differential privacy,and hardware solutions,to build and use distributed multiple-party machine-learning systems and statistical models over different data *** data privacy concerns,we argue that the concept of“model”matters,when developing and deploying federated models,they are easy to expose to various kinds of risks including plagiarism,illegal copy,and *** address these issues,we introduce FedIPR,a novel ownership verification scheme,by embedding watermarks into FL models to verify the ownership of FL models and protect model intellectual property rights(IPR or IP-right for short).While security is at the core of FL,there are still many articles re-ferred to distributed machine learning with no security guarantee as“federated learning”,which are not satisfied with the FL definition supposed to *** this end,in this paper,we reiterate the concept of federated learning and propose secure federated learning(SFL),where the ultimate goal is to build trustworthy and safe AI with strong privacy-preserving and *** provide a com-prehensive overview of existing works,including threats,attacks,and defenses in each phase of SFL from the lifecycle perspective.

关键词： Federated learning privacy-preserving machine learning security decentralized learning intellectual property protection

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Peritoneal macrophages attenuate retinal ganglion cell survival and neurite outgrowth

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1121-1126页

作者： Jia-jian Liang Yu-Fen Liu Tsz Kin ng Ci-Yan Xu Mingzhi Zhang Chi Pui Pang Ling-Ping Cen Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong ShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina Shantou University Medical College ShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Inflammation is a critical pathophysiological process that modulates neuronal survival in the central nervous system after disease or ***,the effects and mechanisms of macrophage activation on neuronal survival remain *** the present study,we co-cultured adult Fischer rat retinas with primary peritoneal macrophages or zymosan-treated peritoneal macrophages for 7 *** analysis revealed that peritoneal macrophages reduced retinal ganglion cell survival and neurite outgrowth in the retinal explant compared with the control *** addition of zymosan to peritoneal macrophages attenuated the survival and neurite outgrowth of retinal ganglion *** media from peritoneal macrophages also reduced retinal ganglion cell survival and neurite *** result suggests that secretions from peritoneal macrophages mediate the inhibitory effects of these *** addition,increased inflammationand oxidation-related gene expression may be related to the enhanced retinal ganglion cell degeneration caused by zymosan *** summary,this study revealed that primary rat peritoneal macrophages attenuated retinal ganglion cell survival and neurite outgrowth,and that macrophage activation further aggravated retinal ganglion cell *** study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong,Shantou,Guangdong Province,China,on March 11,2014(approval ***20140311(2)-P01).

关键词： in vitro inflammation macrophages model neurite outgrowth optic nerve retinal ganglion cells survival

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In vitro production of TNFα,IL-6 and sIL-2R in Chinese patients with ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 1998年第3期4卷 72-75页

作者： XIA Bing 1, GUO Hai jian 1, JBA Crusius 2, DEng Chang Sheng 1, SGM Meuwissen 2 and AS Pena 2

AIM To determine the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL 6) and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL 2r) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in 25 Chinese patients with ulcerative colitis and 20 healthy controls. METHODS PBMC were isolated by density gradient centrifugation of heparinized blood and cultures for 24 or 48 hours by stimulation with LPS or PHA. TNFα and sIL 2r were measured by ELISA method and IL 6 measured by bioassay. RESULTS TNFα production stimulated by LPS and sIL 2r production by PHA in ulcerative colitis were significantly lower than in healthy controls (TNFα 509(46-7244)ng/L vs 1995(117-18 950)ng/L, P 2r 320U/ml±165U/ml vs 451U/ml±247U/ml, P 2r production were not significantly different between ulcerative colitis and controls (TNFα 304(46-7044)ng/L vs 215(46-4009)ng/L, P >0 05; sIL 2r 264U/ml±115U/ml vs 236U/ml±139U/ml, P >0 05). IL 6 production by spontaneous release from PBMC in ulcerative colitis group was 109U/ml±94U/ml vs 44U/ml±39U/ml for those in healthy controls, P 261U/ml±80U/ml) higher than in healthy controls (102U/ml±54U/ml, P 2r production was found to disease activity, disease location and medication. CONCLUSION Cytokine production from PBMC was also disturbed in Chinese patients with ulcerative colitis.

关键词： tumor necrosis factor alpha interleukin 6 interleukin 2, receptor colitis, ulcerative

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丁酸钠经AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1信号通路调节脂多糖诱导肺泡巨噬细胞极化的作用机制

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中国急救医学 2024年第2期44卷 156-163页

作者：陈健周卫东王艳华刘勤富杨晓军宁夏医科大学临床医学院宁夏银川750004 宁夏回族自治区干细胞与再生医学重点实验室宁夏银川750004 宁夏医科大学总医院妇科宫颈病变中心实验室宁夏银川750004 宁夏医科大学总医院重症医学科宁夏银川750004

目的探讨丁酸钠(sodium butyrate,SB)对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导肺泡巨噬细胞极化的影响及其作用机制。方法小鼠肺泡巨噬细胞(MH-S细胞)随机分为对照(Control)组、LPS组、SB组、LPS+SB(LB)组、LPS+SB+腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AM... 详细信息

目的探讨丁酸钠(sodium butyrate,SB)对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导肺泡巨噬细胞极化的影响及其作用机制。方法小鼠肺泡巨噬细胞(MH-S细胞)随机分为对照(Control)组、LPS组、SB组、LPS+SB(LB)组、LPS+SB+腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)抑制剂(Compound C)(LC)组、LPS+SB+核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)抑制剂(ML385)(LM)组。通过CCK8检测MH-S细胞活力,筛选出最佳的1000 ng/mL LPS、1 mmol/L SB、10μmol/L Compound C、5μmol/L ML385药物浓度进行后续实验;实时荧光定量(qRT-PCR)检测MH-S细胞白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、白细胞分化抗原86(CD86)、巨噬细胞甘露糖受体(CD206)、AMPK、Nrf2和血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)的mRNA表达水平;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测培养基上清IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-10蛋白含量;流式细胞术测定M1和M2型巨噬细胞相关标记物CD86和CD206的表达。各组数据通过单因素方差分析和Tukey法进行检验。结果通过CCK8选取了1000 ng/mL LPS、1 mmol/L SB、10μmol/L Compound C和5μmol/L ML385进行造模和干预。qRT-PCR和ELISA结果一致显示,与LPS组比较,LB组M1型巨噬细胞相关促炎细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β显著降低(均P2型巨噬细胞相关抑炎细胞因子IL-10显著升高(均P2型巨噬细胞标记物CD206的变化趋势与CD86相反。qRT-PCR结果显示,与LPS组比较,LB组促进AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1的表达(均P2/HO-1的表达(均P2/HO-1的表达(均P2型巨噬细胞标记物CD206的表达趋势与M1型巨噬细胞标记物CD86相反。结论SB通过激活AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1信号通路,抑制LPS诱导的M1型、促进M2型肺泡巨噬细胞极化,改善了炎症反应。

关键词：丁酸钠巨噬细胞极化炎症白细胞分化抗原86 巨噬细胞甘露糖受体腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶核因子E2相关因子2 血红素加氧酶1

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前列腺偶发癌的病理特征及不同治疗方式的预后分析

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中华泌尿外科杂志 2024年第2期45卷 98-102页

作者：邵金鹏宋勇孙圣坤陈文政张帆赵健安子彦符伟军解放军总医院第三医学中心泌尿外科医学部北京100039 解放军医学院北京100853

目的探讨前列腺偶发癌的病理特征及不同治疗方式的预后。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2021年12月解放军总医院收治的2427例行经尿道前列腺切除术患者的病例资料,患者术前诊断均为良性前列腺增生(BPH)。54例术后病理诊断为前列腺癌,发生率2... 详细信息

目的探讨前列腺偶发癌的病理特征及不同治疗方式的预后。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2021年12月解放军总医院收治的2427例行经尿道前列腺切除术患者的病例资料,患者术前诊断均为良性前列腺增生(BPH)。54例术后病理诊断为前列腺癌,发生率2.2%。年龄(72.3±7.2)岁。中位体质量指数(BMI)24.8(23.1,26.6)kg/m^(2)。术前前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)中位值5.7(3.2,11.1)ng/ml。前列腺体积中位值60.1(38.0,88.6)ml。结果本研究54例中,1例未行Gleason评分;余53例Gleason评分中位值6(6,7)分。国际泌尿病理协会(ISUP)分级1级31例(58.5%),2级10例(18.9%),3级7例(13.2%),4级1例(1.9%),5级4例(7.5%)。BPH术后有完整随访资料者45例,随访时间57(34.5,94.5)个月,其中行主动监测14例,雄激素剥夺治疗(ADT)15例,根治性前列腺切除术(RP)11例,放射性粒子植入1例,等待观察4例。11例行RP患者中,术后病理检查提示标本切缘均为阴性,未见神经、包膜外、精囊侵犯,以及淋巴结转移。行主动监测、ADT、RP组的BMI[(26.9±4.9)kg/m^(2)、(24.4±4.1)kg/m^(2)、(24.5±1.4)kg/m^(2)]、术前PSA[(6.3±4.2.ng/ml、(9.4±7.6)ng/ml、6.4(3.8,11.6)ng/ml],以及ISUP分级1级[10/14例、7/15例、7/11例]、2级[3/14例、2/15例、3/11例]、3级[1/14例、3/15例、1/11例]、4~5级[0/14例、3/15例、0/11例]比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);3组的年龄[(71.2±6.6)岁、(75.3±7.4)岁、(66.6±4.7)岁]差异有统计学意义(P=0.007)。生存曲线显示,行主动监测、ADT、RP患者的5年无肿瘤进展(复发)生存率分别为92.9%、86.7%、100.0%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.291)。前列腺偶发癌患者5年肿瘤进展(复发)率为8.7%,肿瘤特异性病死率为2.2%。结论前列腺偶发癌的ISUP分级多为1级,5年肿瘤进展(复发)率和特异性病死率较低。前列腺偶发癌患者行主动监测、ADT和RP的生存期无明显差异。

关键词：前列腺肿瘤前列腺偶发癌主动监测雄激素剥夺治疗根治性前列腺切除术

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灌木对三层填埋场覆盖系统一维吸力分布和水分入渗的影响（英文）

引用

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2019年第7期20卷 546-552页

作者： Sandar Lin Charles W.W.ng Jie Xu Rui chen jian Liu Zhong-kui chen Chung Fai Chiu Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Guangdong Engineering Center for Structure Safety and Health Monitoring Shantou University Shantou 515063 China

目的:研究灌木对干燥和湿润过程中三层土质覆盖系统的吸力分布的影响.创新点:发现对于三层土质覆盖系统,干燥过程中植物蒸腾作用不仅提高了土的吸力,同时也增加了土层之间的吸力梯度(图3).方法:通过土柱试验模拟干燥和湿润过程,并测量... 详细信息

目的:研究灌木对干燥和湿润过程中三层土质覆盖系统的吸力分布的影响.创新点:发现对于三层土质覆盖系统,干燥过程中植物蒸腾作用不仅提高了土的吸力,同时也增加了土层之间的吸力梯度(图3).方法:通过土柱试验模拟干燥和湿润过程,并测量吸力的变化.结论:1.植物蒸腾作用导致植有灌木的土在干燥过程中所产生的吸力较没有植物的土高60%~200%.2.植物蒸腾作用提高了植有灌木的土的持水能力;在湿润过程中水分穿透植有灌木的土所需时间比没有植物的土长50%(图3~4).

关键词：灌木填埋场覆盖系统吸力土柱试验

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