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Energy Engineering 2024年第4期121卷 951-971页

作者： jian Zhong Lei Zhang Ling Qin school of Electrical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong226019China

Partial shading conditions(PSCs)caused by uneven illumination become one of the most common problems in photovoltaic(PV)systems,which can make the PV power-voltage(P-V)characteristics curve show *** maximum power point tracking(MPPT)methods have shortcomings in tracking to the global maximum power point(GMPP),resulting in a dramatic decrease in output *** order to solve the above problems,intelligent algorithms are used in ***,the existing intelligent algorithms have some disadvantages,such as slow convergence speed and large search ***,an improved whale algorithm(IWOA)combined with the P&O(IWOA-P&O)is proposed for the MPPT of PV power generation in this ***,IWOA is used to track the range interval of the GMPP,and then P&O is used to accurately find the MPP in that *** with other algorithms,simulation results show that this method has an average tracking efficiency of 99.79%and an average tracking time of 0.16 s when tracking ***,experimental verification is conducted,and the results show that the proposed algorithm has better MPPT performance compared to popular particle swarm optimization(PSO)and PSO-P&O algorithms.

关键词： Photovoltaic power generation maximum power point tracking whale algorithm perturbation and observation

MicroED as a powerful technique for the structure determination of complex porous materials

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2024年第3期43卷 41-54页

作者： Chao Ma Cong Lin jian Li State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Department of Applied Biology and Chemical technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong China

Porous materials have garnered significant attention in recent *** the intrinsic relationship between their structures and properties requires precise knowledge of their atomic ***-crystal X-ray diffraction(SCXRD)has traditionally been the primary method for elucidating such structures,but it demands large,high-quality crystals,often exceeding 5μm in *** growth of these crystals can be a time-consuming process,especially for one-and two-dimensional *** explore structures at the nanoscale,MicroED(microcrystal electron diffraction(ED))offers unprecedented insights into the realm of *** revolutionary technique enables researchers to uncover intricate details within nanoscale structures,promising to reshape our fundamental understanding of *** this review,we delve into the applications of MicroED in the study of various porous materials,including zeolites,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),and covalent organic frameworks(COFs).We emphasize the pivotal role of MicroED in nanomaterial characterization,enabling precise crystallographic analysis and phase identification.

关键词： Atomic structure MicroED Porous materials Three-dimensional electron diffraction

What benefit can be obtained from magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis with artificial intelligence in prostate cancer compared with clinical assessments?

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 268-286页

作者： Li-Tao Zhao Zhen-Yu Liu Wan-Fang Xie Li-Zhi Shao jian Lu Jie Tian jian-Gang Liu school of Engineering Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China school of Biological science and Medical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Institute of AutomationBeijing 100190China university of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100080China Department of Urology Peking University Third HospitalPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Big Data‑Based Precision Medicine(Beihang university) Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijing 100191China beijing Engineering Research Center of Cardiovascular Wisdom Diagnosis and Treatment Beijing 100029China

The present study aimed to explore the potential of artificial intelligence(AI)methodology based on magnetic resonance(MR)images to aid in the management of prostate cancer(PCa).To this end,we reviewed and summarized the studies comparing the diagnostic and predictive performance for PCa between AI and common clinical assessment methods based on MR images and/or clinical characteristics,thereby investigating whether AI methods are generally superior to common clinical assessment methods for the diagnosis and prediction fields of ***,we found that,in the included studies of the present study,AI methods were generally equal to or better than the clinical assessment methods for the risk assessment of PCa,such as risk stratification of prostate lesions and the prediction of therapeutic outcomes or PCa *** particular,for the diagnosis of clinically significant PCa,the AI methods achieved a higher summary receiver operator characteristic curve(SROC-AUC)than that of the clinical assessment methods(0.87 vs.0.82).For the prediction of adverse pathology,the AI methods also achieved a higher SROC-AUC than that of the clinical assessment methods(0.86 vs.0.75).Second,as revealed by the radiomics quality score(RQS),the studies included in the present study presented a relatively high total average RQS of 15.2(11.0–20.0).Further,the scores of the individual RQS elements implied that the AI models in these studies were constructed with relatively perfect and standard radiomics processes,but the exact generalizability and clinical practicality of the AI models should be further validated using higher levels of evidence,such as prospective studies and open-testing datasets.

关键词： Clinically significant prostate cancer Adverse pathology Radiomics quality score Artificial intelligence Magnetic resonance imaging

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Mineralogical properties and co-sintering characteristics of fluxed iron ore with magnetite concentrates

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第2期31卷 318-328页

作者： Le-le Niu Zheng-jian Liu jian-liang Zhang Yao-zu Wang Zhen-xing Yang Si-da Li Chang-dong Shan Ben Feng school of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Xinxing Casting Pipe Xinjiang Co. Bayingol841300XinjiangChina

To investigate the feasibility of co-sintering of fluxed iron ore with magnetite concentrates, the mineralogical properties of a novel fluxed iron ore were studied using particle size analysis, microscopic morphology characterization, and X-ray diffraction Rietveld analysis. Following that, the experiments for granulation performance and basic sintering characteristics were designed under seven different fluxed iron ore ratios, and the integrated ranking of different fluxed iron ore ratios was determined using gray relation analysis. Finally, the results of the industrial trails were combined with the feasibility analysis. Test and experimental results show that the fraction of the fluxed iron ore particles larger than 0.5 mm can account for more than 48%, and the particles have two morphologies: spherical-rough and flaky-smooth. Ca elements are found in the form of calcite (CaCO3) and dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2). The average particle size of granules and powder removal rate can be improved from 2.50 to 3.16 mm and 39.60% to 24.20%, respectively, with the increase in the fluxed iron ore ratio. Furthermore, the fluxed iron ore can improve assimilability and liquid fluidity of magnetite concentrates. In terms of overall granulation performance and sintering characteristics, the fluxed iron ore ratios are graded from best to worst as follows: 12%, 15%, 9%, 18%, 21%, 6% and 3%. The industrial trails show that when the fluxed iron ore ratio is increased, the beneficial effect of the superior sintering characteristics of the fluxed iron ore itself is ideally balanced with the negative effect of the lower amount of additional CaO at 12% ratio, and thus, it is feasible to bring the fluxed iron ore into production at a level of roughly 12%.

关键词： Fluxed iron ore Magnetite concentrate Granulation performance Sintering characteristics Gray relation analysis

Biosorption of Cadmium by Fungal Biomass of Aspergillus niger

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Biomedical and Environmental sciences 2005年第3期18卷 141-145页

作者： QIYANG jian-LONGWANG ZHIXING LaboratoryofEnvironmentaltechnology INETTsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084China／／SchoolofWaterResourceandEnvironmentChinaUniversityofGeoscienceBeijing100083China LaboratoryofEnvironmentaltechnology INETTsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084China AnalysisCenterofTsinghuauniversity Beijing100084China

Objective To investigate the removal of cadmium from aqueous solution by waste fungal biomass of Aspergillus niger, originated from citric acid fermentation industry. Methods Batch adsorption test was used to study the biosorption equilibrium and isotherm. The Cd2+ concentration was measured with atomic adsorption spectrophotometer (AAS) HITACHI 180-80. Results The biosorption achieved equilibrium within 30 min. The adsorption isotherm could be described by Freundlich adsorption model, and the constants KF and 1/n were determined to be 2.07 and 0.18, respectively, and the correlation efficiency was 0.97. The optimal pH for Cd adsorption was 6.0. The cadmium-laden biomass could be effectively regenerated using 0.1 N HCl. Conclusion The waste biomass of Aspergillus niger, a by-product of fermentation industry, is a potential biosorbent for the removal of cadmium from aqueous solution.

关键词： Cadmium Heavy metal pollution Aspergillus niger Biomass Biosorption

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Semi-quantitative analysis of the structural evolution of mesophase pitch-based carbon foams by Raman and FTIR spectroscopy

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新型炭材料（中英文） 2024年第4期39卷 668-680页

作者： LIU Yue CHANG Sheng-kai SU Zhan-peng HUANG Zu-jian QIN Ji YANG jian-xiao Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied technology College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082China

Graphitized carbon foams(GFms)were prepared using mesophase pitch(MP)as a raw material by foaming(450℃),pre-oxidation(320℃),carbonization(1000℃)and graphitization(2800℃).The differences in structure and properties of GFms prepared from different MP precursors pretreated by ball milling or liquid phase extraction were investigated and compared,and semi-quantitative calculations were conducted on the Raman and FTIR spectra of samples at each preparation ***-quantitat-ive spectroscopic analysis provided detailed information on the structure and chemical composition changes of the MP and GFm de-rived from *** with microscopic observations,the change from precursor to GFm was *** results showed that ball milling concentrated the distribution of aromatic molecules in the pitch,which contributed to uniform foaming to give a GFm with a uniform pore distribution and good *** phase extraction helped remove light components while retaining large aromatics to form graphitic planes with the largest average size during post-treatment to produce a GFm with the highest degree of graphitization and the fewest open pores,giving the best compression resistance(2.47 MPa),the highest thermal conductivity(64.47 W/(m·K))and the lowest electrical resistance(13.02μΩ·m).Characterization combining semi-quantitative spectroscopic ana-lysis with microscopic observations allowed us to control the preparation of the MP-derived GFms.

关键词： Mesophase pitch Carbon foams Raman FTIR Graphitization

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Human-Machine Shared Lateral Control Strategy for Intelligent Vehicles Based on Human Driver Risk Perception Reliability

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Automotive Innovation 2024年第1期7卷 102-120页

作者： Dongjian Song Bing Zhu jian Zhao Jiayi Han State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

Intelligent vehicle(Ⅳ)technology has developed rapidly in recent ***,achieving fully unmanned driving still presents numerous challenges,which means that human drivers will continue to play a vital role in vehicle operation for the foreseeable ***-machine shared driving,involving cooperation between a human driver and an automated driving system(AVS),has been widely regarded as a necessary stage for the development of *** onⅣdriving safety,this study proposed a human-machine shared lateral control strategy(HSLCS)based on the reliability of driver risk *** HSLCS starts by identifying the effective areas of driver risk perception based on eye *** establishes an anisotropic driving risk field,which serves as the foundation for the AVS to assess risk *** upon the cumulative and diminishing effects of risk perception,the proposed approach leverages the driver's risk perception effective area and converts the risk field into a representation aligned with the driver's ***,it quantifies the reliability of the driver's risk perception by using area-matching ***,based on the driver’s risk perception reliability and dif-ferences in lateral driving operation between the human driver and the AVS,the dynamic distribution of driving authority is achieved through a fuzzy rule-based system,and the human-machine shared lateral control is completed by using model predictive *** HSLCS was tested across various scenarios on a driver-in-the-loop test *** results show that the HSLCS can realize the synergy and complementarity of human and machine intelligence,effectively ensuring the safety ofⅣoperation.

关键词： Intelligent vehicle Human-machine shared driving Risk perception Driving authority distribution

Magnesium-containing pellet regulating blast furnace ferrous burden interaction:softening-melting behavior and mechanism

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第7期31卷 1623-1635页

作者： Li-ming Ma jian-liang Zhang Yao-zu Wang Xiao-yong Ma Gui-lin Wang Zhuo Li Hui-qing jiang Zheng-jian Liu school of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China school of Intelligence science and technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Lingyuan Iron and Steel Group Co. Lingyuan 122500LiaoningChina

MgO participates in all stages of sintering,pelletizing,and blast furnace ironmaking,and synergistically optimizing the distribution of MgO in ferrous burden can effectively enhance the interaction within the ferrous burdens and optimize the softening-melting properties of the mixed ***-containing pellets mixed with low-MgO sinter or mixed with high-MgO sinter in the blast furnace ferrous burden structure have opposite softening-melting performance *** the structure of the ferrous burden is magnesium-containing pellets mixed with low-MgO sinter,the magnesium-containing pellets can enhance the interaction of the ferrous burden in the process of softening-melting,which can optimize the composition of the slag phase and improve the slag *** the structure of the ferrous burden is magnesium-containing pellets mixed with high-MgO sinter,the magnesium-containing pellets weaken the interaction of the ferrous burden in the process of softening-melting,increase the content of the high melting point solid-phase particles in the slag,lead to an increase in the viscosity of the slag and difficult separation of the slag and iron,and decrease the permeability of the charge ***,to ensure good permeability of the mixed burden,the following measures are suggested:optimizing the MgO distribution of the ferrous burden,reducing the MgO content of the sinter to 1.96 wt.%,increasing the MgO content of the pellets to 1.03-1.30 wt.%,controlling the MgO/Al_(2)O_(3) ratio of the mixed burden within 1.15-1.32,narrowing the position of the cohesive zone,and maintaining an S value(permeability index)of approximately 150 kPa℃.

关键词： Ironmaking Ferrous burden Softening-melting property Interaction Permeability Slag

Two-layer Lagrange-based relay network topology and trajectory design for solar system explorations

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science china(Information sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 342-358页

作者： Jun CAO jian JIAO Hao LIU Rongxing LU Qinyu ZHANG Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking technology Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Faculty of Computer science (FCS) University of New Brunswick

Exploration targeting outer planets and even the edge of the solar system is an emerging direction for the deep-space exploration in the next decades. To address this challenge, a novel two-layer Lagrangebased relay network topology is proposed in this study. Specifically, we utilize the Sun-Mars and Sun-Saturn Lagrange points(LPs) L4 and L5 to build a two-layer backbone relay network, which ensures continuous and high-efficiency communication capability for the exploration of the solar system. Furthermore, we utilize the planetary gravity assist and design the transfer trajectory of backbone relays with the help of planetary celestial body motion equations and Kepler's laws. Moreover, we conduct link budget analysis for multihop relay transmission under Gamma-Gamma distribution, shadowed Rician fading, and additive white Gaussian noise channels in several typical exploration scenarios and validate that the LP relays can effectively support future deep-space exploration missions.

关键词： deep-space communication Lagrangian points backbone relay network transfer trajectory relay selection

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Autonomous multi-drone racing method based on deep reinforcement learning

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science china(Information sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 35-48页

作者： Yu KANG jian DI Ming LI Yunbo ZHAO Yuhui WANG Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Advanced technology University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Racing drones have attracted increasing attention due to their remarkable high speed and excellent maneuverability. However, autonomous multi-drone racing is quite difficult since it requires quick and agile flight in intricate surroundings and rich drone interaction. To address these issues, we propose a novel autonomous multi-drone racing method based on deep reinforcement learning. A new set of reward functions is proposed to make racing drones learn the racing skills of human experts. Unlike previous methods that required global information about tracks and track boundary constraints, the proposed method requires only limited localized track information within the range of its own onboard sensors. Further, the dynamic response characteristics of racing drones are incorporated into the training environment, so that the proposed method is more in line with the requirements of real drone racing scenarios. In addition, our method has a low computational cost and can meet the requirements of real-time racing. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified by extensive comparison with the state-of-the-art methods in a series of simulations and real-world experiments.

关键词： autonomous multi-drone racing deep reinforcement learning Markov game racing drone sim-to-real