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The wheat sucrose synthase gene TaSus1 is a determinant of grain number per spike

The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 295-300页

作者： Liping Shen Lili Zhang Changbin Yin Xiaowan Xu Yangyang Liu Kuocheng Shen He Wu Zhiwen Sun Ke Wang Zhonghu He Xueyong Zhang Chenyang Hao jian hou Aoyue Bi Xuebo Zhao Daxing Xu Botao Ye Xuchang Yu Ziying Wang Danni Liu Yuanfeng Hao Fei Lu Zifeng Guo Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China China National Botanical Garden Beijing 100093China State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)China Office c/o CAASBeijing 100081China CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science(CEPAMS) Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Some haplotypes of the sucrose synthase gene TaSus1 are associated with thousand-grain weight(TGW)in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).However,no mutations have been identified within the gene to test this association.The effects of TaSus1 on grain number per spike(GNS)also are largely unknown.Our previous genome-wide association study identified TaSus-A1 as a candidate gene controlling fertile spikelet number per spike(FSN).In the present study,we generated two independent mutants for the three TaSus1 homoeologs by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing.The triple mutants displayed lower FSN,GNS,grain number per spikelet(GNST),and TGW than wild-type plants.In 306 hexaploid wheat accessions,two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TaSus-A1 contributed differently to GNS.Introgression of the two alleles into a wheat genetic background confirmed their effects.The alleles differed in geographical distribution among the accessions.

关键词： Domestication selection Fertile spikelet number per spike(FSN) Geographical differentiation Grain number per spike(GNS) TaSus1

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Research on the Asymmetric Effect of Fixed-Asset Investment on China's Primary Energy Production in the Context of Energy Transformation

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第3期37卷 1163-1183页

作者： CHAI jian HE Peng ZHANG Xiaokong hou Yamin School of Economics and Management Xidian UniversityXi'an 710126China

Under China’s“Dual Carbon”target(DCT),“clean replacement”on the energy supply side and“electric energy replacement”on the energy consumption side are the ways to achieve energy transformation.However,energy projects have a long construction period,complex technology categories,and investment risks that greatly affect the development of energy transformation.Correctly judging the effect of investment changes on primary energy production is of great practical significance to the realization of the DCT.Based on this,NARDL and TVP-SV-VAR models are innovatively used to reveal the nonlinear effect of fixed-asset investment on China’s primary energy production.The results show that the marginal effect of investment growth on coal production is about 1.44 times that of investment reduction.Similarly,the marginal effect of oil and gas investment growth is about 1.21times that of investment reduction.Due to the influence of resource constraints,China’s traditional fossil energy still has varying degrees of path dependence on the investment-driven development model.For non-fossil energy,investment in hydropower and nuclear power has an inverse correlation with the change in production.Negative marginal efficiency and diseconomies of scale have hindered the development of the hydropower and nuclear power industries.In addition,the asymmetric effect is not yet significant for the short development time and technical constraints of wind and solar power.From the impulse response results,the impact curves of investment in wind and solar power are generally positive,and investment has different degrees of time-delay and time-varying effects on various energy production,which verifies the heterogeneity of investment adjustment mechanisms in different energy industries.

关键词： "Dual Carbon"target fixed-asset investment primary energy NARDL nonlinearity

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Exosomal microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma,expanding research field

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2618-2620页

作者： Bo-Hao Zheng Xiao-jian Ni hou-Bao Liu Department of Biliary Surgery Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Biliary Tract Disease Institute Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Cancer Center Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Shanghai Biliary Tract Minimal Invasive Surgery and Materials Engineering Research Center Shanghai 200032China

In this editorial we comment on the review by Wang et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology in 2023.Small extracellular vesicles(exosomes)play important roles in the tumor microenvironment.In this review,the authors introduce the following points:(1)The composition and function of exosomal microRNAs(miRNAs)of different cell origins in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);(2)the crosstalk between exosomal miRNAs from stromal cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and the progression of HCC;and(3)the potential applicability of exosomal miRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of HCC.In addition,the potential applicability of exosomal miRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of HCC was introduced.In this review,the authors give us an overview of the exosomal RNA and summarize the function of exosomal RNA in HCC,which provides a deeper understanding of exosomal miRNAs to the readers.

关键词： Exosomes MicroRNA Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cancer Tumor microenvironment

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Provably secure attribute-based authenticated encryption with keyword search from ideal lattices

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 308-309页

作者： Lisha YAO Lin hou jian WENG Feixiang ZHAO College of Cyber Security Jinan University

A public-key authenticated encryption with keyword search(PAEKS)[1, 2] system overcomes the problem of an inside adversary forging searchable ciphertexts and guessing the keyword information from the given token. This system allows the sender to encrypt and authenticate a keyword.However, traditional PAEKS schemes require the sender to specify the intended receiver in advance, losing much flexibility.

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Impact of stage-specific limb function exercises guided by a selfmanagement education model on arteriovenous fistula maturation status

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第14期12卷 2316-2323页

作者： Yi Li Li-Jun Huang jian-Wen hou Dan-Dan Hu Department of Nursing The People's Hospital of Jianyang CityJianyang 641400Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Nephrology The People's Hospital of Jianyang CityJianyang 641400Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Head and Neck Surgery Zhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhou 310000Zhejiang ProvinceChina School of Nursing Shangqiu Institute of TechnologyShangqiu 476005Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The exercise of limb function is the most economical and safe method to promote the maturation of arteriovenous fistula(AVF).However,due to the lack of a uni-fied exercise standard in China,many patients have insufficient awareness of the importance of AVF,leading to poor effectiveness of limb function exercise.The self-management education model can effectively promote patients to take pro-active health-related actions.This study focuses on the characteristics of patients during the peri-AVF period and conducts a phased limb function exercise under the guidance of the self-management education model to observe changes in fac-tors such as the maturity of AVF.AIM To assess the impact of stage-specific limb function exercises,directed by a self-management education model,on the maturation status of AVFs.METHODS This study is a randomized controlled trial involving 74 patients with forearm AVFs from the Nephrology Department of a tertiary hospital in Sichuan Province,China.Patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table method.The observation group underwent tailored stage-specific limb func-tion exercises,informed by a self-management education model which took into account the unique features of AVF at various stages,in conjunction with routine care.Conversely,the control group was given standard limb function exercises along with routine care.The assessment involves the maturity of AVFs post-intervention,post-operative complications,and the self-management level of the fistula in both groups patients.Analyses were conducted using SPSS version 23.0.Count data were represented by frequency and percentage and subjected to chi-square test comparisons.Measurement data adhering to a normal distribution were presented as mean±SD.The independent samples t-test was utilized for inter-group comparisons,while the paired t-test was used for intra-group comparisons.For measurement data not fitting a normal distribution,the median and interquartile range were

关键词： Self-management Education model Stage-specific Limb function exercises Arteriovenous fistula Maturation status

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Effects of Hydrogen Charging Time and Pressure on the Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility of X52 Pipeline Steel Material

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 293-307页

作者： Hong-jiang Wan Xiao-Qi Wu Hong-Liang Ming jian-Qiu Wang En-hou Han School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang110016China CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China Institute of Corrosion Science and Technology Guangzhou510530China

The effects of hydrogen charging time and pressure on the hydrogen embrittlement(HE)susceptibility of X52 pipeline steel material are studied by slow strain rate tensile tests.The fracture morphologies of the specimens are observed by scanning electron microscopy.The HE susceptibility of the X52 pipeline steel material increases with an increase in both hydrogen charging time and hydrogen pressure.At a charging time of 96 h,the HE susceptibility index reaches 45.86%,approximately 3.6 times that at a charging time of 0 h.Similarly,a charging pressure of 4 MPa results in a HE susceptibility index of 31.61%,approximately 2.5 times higher than that at a charging pressure of 0.3 MPa.

关键词： Hydrogen embrittlement X52 pipeline steel material Tubular specimen Hydrogen charging time Hydrogen charging pressure

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Regulation of pseudographitic carbon domain to boost sodium energy storage

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5188-5196页

作者： Zhidong hou Mingwei jiang Da Lei Xiang Zhang Yuyang Gao jian-Gan Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Lab of Graphene(NPU)Xi’an 710072China

Hard carbon anode has shown extraordinary potentials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)owing to the cost-effectiveness and advantaged microstructure.Nevertheless,the widespread application of hard carbon is still hindered by the insufficient sodium storage capacity and depressed rate property,which are mainly induced by the undesirable pseudographitic structure.Herein,we develop a molten-salt-mediated strategy to regulate the pseudographitic structure of hard carbon with suitable interlayer spacing and enlarged pseudographitic domain,which is conducive to the intercalation capacity and diffusion kinetics of sodium ions.Impressively,the optimized hard carbon anode delivers a high reversible capacity of 320 mAh·g^(−1),along with superior rate property(138 mAh·g−1 at 2 A·g^(−1))and stable cyclability over 1800 cycles.Moreover,the in situ Raman spectroscopic study and full-cell assembly further investigate the sodium storage mechanism and practical implement of obtained hard carbon.This work pioneers a low-cost and effective route to regulate the pseudographitic structure of hard carbon materials for advanced SIBs.

关键词： pseudographitic structure molten salt hard carbon anode sodium-ion batteries

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Alloy/layer double hydroxide interphasic synergy via nano-heterointerfacing for highly reversible CO_(2)redox reaction in Li-CO_(2)batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5206-5215页

作者： Tianzhen jian Wenqing Ma Jiagang hou jianping Ma Xianhong Li Haiyang Gao Caixia Xu Hong Liu Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of ShandongSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJinan 250022China Kyiv College at Qilu University of Technology Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China Shandong Sacred Sun Power Sources Co. Ltd.Qufu 273100China

Li-CO_(2)batteries are among the most intriguing techniques for balancing the carbon cycle,but are challenged by the annoyed thermodynamic barrier of the Li_(2)CO_(3)decomposition reaction.Herein,we demonstrate the electrocatalytic performances of two-dimensional(2D)CoAl-layer double hydroxide(LDH)nanosheets can be significantly improved by trans-dimensional crosslinking with three-dimensional(3D)multilevel nanoporous(MP)-RuCoAl alloy(MP-RuCoAl alloy⊥CoAl-LDH).The MP-RuCoAl alloy⊥CoAl-LDH with multiscale pore channels and abundant nano-heterointerface is directly prepared by controllable etching Al from a Ru-Co-Al master alloy along with simultaneous partial oxidization of Al and Co atoms.The MP-RuCoAl is composed of various intermetallic compounds and Ru with abundant grain boundaries,and forms numerous heterointerface with 2D CoAl-LDH nanosheets.The multiscale porous metallic network benefits mass and electron transportation as well as discharge product storage and enables a rich multiphase reaction interface.In situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry shows that the mass-to-charge ratio in the charging process is~0.733 which is consistent with the theoretical value of 3/4,stating that the reversible co-decomposition of Li_(2)CO_(3)and C can be achieved with the MP-RuCoAl alloy⊥CoAl-LDH.The Ketjen black(KB)/MP-RuCoAl⊥CoAl-LDH battery demonstrates a high cyclability for over 2270 h(227 cycles)with a lower voltage gap stabilized at~1.3 V at 200 mA·g^(−1).Our findings here provide useful guidelines for developing high efficiency transition metal based electrocatalysts by coupling with conductive porous substrate for impelling the development of practical Li-CO_(2)battery systems.

关键词： heterojunction interface nanoporous Li-CO_(2)battery dealloying

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High-rate electrochemical H_(2)O_(2) production over multimetallic atom catalysts under acidic–neutral conditions

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 44-62页

作者： Yueyu Tong Jiaxin Liu Bing-jian Su Jenh-Yih Juang Feng hou Lichang Yin Shi Xue Dou Ji Liang Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjinChina Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials University of WollongongInnovation CampusNorth WollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of Electrophysics National Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwanChina Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyangLiaoningChina Institute of Energy Materials Science University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina

Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production by the electrochemical 2-electron oxygen reduction reaction(2e−ORR)is a promising alternative to the energy-intensive anthraquinone process,and single-atom electrocatalysts show the unique capability of high selectivity toward 2e−ORR against the 4e−one.The extremely low surface density of the single-atom sites and the inflexibility in manipulating their geometric/electronic configurations,however,compromise the H_(2)O_(2) yield and impede further performance enhancement.Herein,we construct a family of multiatom catalysts(MACs),on which two or three single atoms are closely coordinated to form high-density active sites that are versatile in their atomic configurations for optimal adsorption of essential*OOH species.Among them,the Cox–Ni MAC presents excellent electrocatalytic performance for 2e−ORR,in terms of its exceptionally high H_(2)O_(2) yield in acidic electrolytes(28.96 mol L^(−1) gcat.^(−1) h^(−1))and high selectivity under acidic to neutral conditions in a wide potential region(>80%,0–0.7 V).Operando X-ray absorption and density functional theory analyses jointly unveil its unique trimetallic Co2NiN8 configuration,which efficiently induces an appropriate Ni–d orbital filling and modulates the*OOH adsorption,together boosting the electrocatalytic 2e−ORR capability.This work thus provides a new MAC strategy for tuning the geometric/electronic structure of active sites for 2e−ORR and other potential electrochemical processes.

关键词： hydrogen peroxide production multiatom catalysts operando X-ray adsorption spectrum reaction mechanism tendency structure-property relation

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Artificial neural network-based method for discriminating Compton scattering events in high-purity germaniumγ-ray spectrometer

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 64-84页

作者： Chun-Di Fan Guo-Qiang Zeng Hao-Wen Deng Lei Yan jian Yang Chuan-Hao Hu Song Qing Yang hou College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

To detect radioactive substances with low activity levels,an anticoincidence detector and a high-purity germanium(HPGe)detector are typically used simultaneously to suppress Compton scattering background,thereby resulting in an extremely low detection limit and improving the measurement accuracy.However,the complex and expensive hardware required does not facilitate the application or promotion of this method.Thus,a method is proposed in this study to discriminate the digital waveform of pulse signals output using an HPGe detector,whereby Compton scattering background is suppressed and a low minimum detectable activity(MDA)is achieved without using an expensive and complex anticoincidence detector and device.The electric-field-strength and energy-deposition distributions of the detector are simulated to determine the relationship between pulse shape and energy-deposition location,as well as the characteristics of energy-deposition distributions for fulland partial-energy deposition events.This relationship is used to develop a pulse-shape-discrimination algorithm based on an artificial neural network for pulse-feature identification.To accurately determine the relationship between the deposited energy of gamma(γ)rays in the detector and the deposition location,we extract four shape parameters from the pulse signals output by the detector.Machine learning is used to input the four shape parameters into the detector.Subsequently,the pulse signals are identified and classified to discriminate between partial-and full-energy deposition events.Some partial-energy deposition events are removed to suppress Compton scattering.The proposed method effectively decreases the MDA of an HPGeγ-energy dispersive spectrometer.Test results show that the Compton suppression factors for energy spectra obtained from measurements on ^(152)Eu,^(137)Cs,and ^(60)Co radioactive sources are 1.13(344 keV),1.11(662 keV),and 1.08(1332 keV),respectively,and that the corresponding MDAs are 1.4%,5.3%,and 21.6%lower,respectively.

关键词： High-purity germaniumγ-ray spectrometer Pulse-shape discrimination Compton scattering Artificial neural network Minimum detectable activity

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