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Comparison of thermal shock resistance capabilities of the rotary swaged pure tungsten,potassium-doped tungsten,and W-La_(2)O_(3)alloys

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Tungsten 2024年第4期6卷 759-766页

作者： Tao Yang Hao wang Fan Feng Xiang Liu Xue-Yu Gong You-Yun Lian jian-bao wang School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang421001China Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu610041China

Tungsten-based materials are one of the most important candidates for the plasma facing materials(PFMs)of future fusion reactors,and it is necessary to study the properties of tungsten-based materials under the service conditions of fusion devices to ensure the long-term steady-state operation of future fusion *** this paper,different tungsten-based materials made by the same rotary swaging process are selected to simulate the transient thermal loads on the PFMs of a fusion reactor using an electron beam,and thermal load experiments are carried out by changing the power density of a loading pulse and the pulse *** is found that different tungsten-based materials made by the same process have large differences in thermal shock resistance,and the doped tungsten materials(W-K and W-La_(2)O_(3))are significantly better than the pure tungsten materials with the increase in thermal shock power density and the number of cycles,especially the W-K materials,which have excellent performance.

关键词： Rotary swaging Tungsten materials Electron beam Thermal shock

Recent research and development of thick CVD tungsten coatings for fusion application

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Tungsten 2020年第1期2卷 83-93页

作者： Zhe Chen You‑Yun Lian Xiang Liu Fan Feng Bin‑You Yan jian‑bao wang Yan‑Wei Lv Jiu‑Peng Song Chun‑Jia Liu Lai‑Zhong Cai Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041China China National R&D Center for Tungsten Technology Xiamen Tungsten Co.Ltd.Xiamen 361009China

As the interface closest to the edge plasma of a fusion reactor reacting deuterium(D)and tritium(T),plasma-facing material(PFM)need to withstand extreme service conditions with the high particle flux,high heat load,and neutrons with energy up to 14.1 ***(W)is the primary candidate of PFMs in future fusion reactors due to its high melting point,good thermal conductivity,excellent irradiation resistance,and low hydrogen/helium *** far,powder metallurgy is a leading route for the preparation of W-based *** alternative approach could be the coating technique,which has advantages on fabricating W PFMs and plasma-facing component(PFC)*** the past several years,inspiring results were achieved in the preparation process and performance evaluation of the W coating with high purity,excellent thermal conductivity,and thickness at the millimeter level by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition(APCVD).No obvious grain growth and hardness decrease were observed when the annealing temperature was lower than 1500°C,indicating its good thermal *** as-deposited coating exhibited a comparable thermal shock resistance with the conventional W *** the polished sample showed a high crack threshold(0.33-0.44 GW·m^(−2))when exposed to edge localized mode like transient at room temperature,compared to the unpolished *** performance of the chemical vapor deposition(CVD)-W exposed to deuterium(D)plasma and fission neutron were also ***,the practicality of preparation of large-scale W-based PFM by this technique is also *** paper gives a short overview on the recent research and development status of the thick W coating prepared by APCVD at Xiamen Tungsten Co.,Ltd and Southwestern Institute of Physics for using as PFM and PFC in fusion devices.

关键词： Tungsten coatings Chemical vapor deposition Plasma-facing materials Plasma-facing component

Long-term lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis: A real-life cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第46期21卷 13087-13094页

作者： Ming-Hua Su Ai-Lian Lu Shi-Hua Li Shao-Hua Zhong bao-jian wang Xiao-Li Wu Yan-Yan Mo Peng Liang Zhi-Hong Liu Rong Xie Li-Xia He Wu-Dao Fu jian-Ning jiang Department of Infectious Disease The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University

AIM: To investigate clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis B(CHB) and liver cirrhosis(LC) patients under whole-course management with lamivudine(LAM). METHODS: This was a retrospective-prospective cohort study based on two nonrandom cohorts of Chinese patients(LAM group and history control group). Two hundred thirty-eight patients with LAM treatment for at least 12 mo under whole-course management were included in the LAM group. The management measures included regular follow-up and timely adjustment of the therapeutic regimen according to drug-resistance and relapse. Two hundred thirtyeight patients with CHB or LC without any antiviral treatment and with follow-up over 12 mo were included in the history control group. The LAM and control group patients were 1:1 matched by propensity score method to ensure both patients were similar in general datum,sex,age,E antigen,and diagnosis. The incidence rates of endpoint events [LC,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and death] were compared between the LAM and control ***: Hepatitis B virus-DNA < 1000 copies per m L rate and rate of alanine transaminase < 1.3 of theupper normal limit in LAM and control groups were 89.1% vs 18.5%(P < 0.05) and 89.8% vs 31.1%(P < 0.05),respectively. Viral breakthrough occurred in 77 patients(32.4%); the one-,three-,and fiveyear cumulative rates were 6.8%,33.1%,and 41.3%,respectively. In total,44.5%(106/238) of patients had once stopped LAM,and 63(59.4%) of them developed virologic relapse; the relapse rate of patients with and without reaching Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver endpoint criteria were 52.4% and 69.8%,respectively. Six CHB patients in the LAM group developed LC compared to 47 patients in the control group; the three-,and five-year cumulative rates of CHB at baseline of LAM were lower than those of the control group: 0.7% vs 12.0% and 1.8% vs 23.8%(P < 0.01),respectively. The incidence of HCC in CHB at baseline of LAM was lower than that of the control gr

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Lamivudine Management Liver cirr

Practice of improving the hot blast temperature for the 2500 m^3 BF

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baosteel Technical Research 2008年第2期2卷 31-35页

作者： Li Yiwei Shi jian＇ en bao Lei wang Yi Ironmaking Plant Stainless Steel Branch Baoshan Iron ＆ Steel Co. Ltd. Shanghai 200431 China

A high blast temperature is an effective measure that improves pulverized coal injection （PCI）and energy consumption,decreases the cost of blast furnaces （BF）. Apart from using technology such as the increased vault temperature of the hot-blast stove, the increased temperature of the waste gas, the preheating of combustion air and gas, and fully closed mixed air valves, other measures, such as using an oxygen-enriched blast stove, burning high heating value converter gas, increasing the number of stove changes to reduce the time needed for stove blasts, were taken to increase the blast temperature of the 2 500 m3 BF in recent years. The blast temperature of the 2 500 m3 BF was continuously increased in these years. The monthly average temperature of the 2 500 m3 BF reached 1 158℃, with the highest blast temperature reaching 1 195 ℃ in 2006. This technique of increased blast temperatures has reached an advanced level in China.

关键词： hot blast stove high blast temperature oxygen-enriched stove converter gas

Competitive capacity of HIV-1 strains carrying M184I or Y181I drug-resistant mutations

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第9期122卷 1081-1086页

作者： LI Jue LI Lin LI Han-ping ZHUANG Dao-min LIU Si-yang LIU Yong-jian bao Zuo-yi wang Zheng LI Jing-yun Department of AIDS Research State Key Laboratory of Pathogenand Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology andEpidemiology Beijing 100071 China

Background Virus with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors （NRTIs） or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors （NNRTIs） resistant mutations show different evolution tendencies when the anti-viral therapies are interrupted. Understanding the replication fitness of drug-resistant virus is important for the study of the prevalence of drug-resistance For this purpose, we characterized the replication capacity of HIV-1 virus carrying lamivudine （3TC） or nevirapine （NVP） resistant mutations. Methods 3TC and NVP resistant variants were induced in vitro by selecting wild type virus in the presence of drugs. For the competitive replication assay, drug-resistant variants were cocultured with wild-type virus in the presence or absence of drugs. The ratios of the viral species were determined over time by using a real-time RT-PCR-based assay. Results 3TC-resistant （M184I mutation） and NVP-resistant （Y181I mutation） virus should be selected in vitro in two different ways. The competitive replication assay showed that the ratio of virus carrying a M184I mutation increased from 98.8%, while the wild type virus decreased to 1.2% after 4 passages in the presence of 3TC; the percentage of virus carrying the Y181I mutation increased to 90.5%, while wild type virus decreased to 9.5% in the presence of NVP. In the absence of drugs, the ratio of virus carrying the M184I mutation decreased to 5.3%, while wild type virus increased to 94.7%; the ratio of virus carrying Y181I increased to 75%, while wild type virus decreased to 25% after 4 passages. Conclusions The NVP-resistant virus is fitter than wild type virus even in the absence of NVP that may be the reason that NNRTIs-resistant virus is spreading quickly.

关键词： human immunodeficiency virus type 1 drug-resistance replication capacity

X-RAY MICROANALYSIS OF SENILE CATARACT

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电子显微学报 1991年第2期 211-212页

作者： Zhang De-Tian, Shao jian-Qiang~*, wang bao-Zhen, Shan Qing~*, YangYi, wang Yi-Hua, Xu Guo-Gia, Zhang Xue-Min, Xu Jie-Min~*Instrumental Analysis Center, *Beijing Institute of RadiationMedicine, Beijing Tai Ping Road No.27 100850, Beijing, PR China

INTRODUCTION8 normal and 36 senile cataractous human lenses were observedby Philips SEM 505 and TEM 400T. The results indicate that incontrast to the normal lenses, the EDAX spectra of senilecataractous lenses show strong P peak and weak S peak i.e., ahigh P/S ratio, as well as strong Na and Ca peaks in the sameregion. The EDAX mapping of P, Na and Ca reveals that they arecorrelated to the degenerative areas of the lens fibers.

关键词： TEM EDAX X-RAY MICROANALYSIS OF SENILE CATARACT

猫小脑第Ⅶ小叶皮层-核团投射的电生理学研究

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生理学报 1989年第2期41卷 136-144页

作者：余启祥包建新王建军陈均南京大学生物系生理教研室

在三碘季铵酚制动的去大脑猫上,记录了小脑后叶的第Ⅶ小叶皮层浦肯野细胞(PC)对分别刺激顶核、间位核和齿状核的逆行场电位和逆行单位反应,以确定小脑皮层PC对这三个核团投射的空间分布。在鉴定了PC对其靶核团的投射后,用特制的模拟自... 详细信息

在三碘季铵酚制动的去大脑猫上,记录了小脑后叶的第Ⅶ小叶皮层浦肯野细胞(PC)对分别刺激顶核、间位核和齿状核的逆行场电位和逆行单位反应,以确定小脑皮层PC对这三个核团投射的空间分布。在鉴定了PC对其靶核团的投射后,用特制的模拟自然屈腕运动的刺激装置来推动猫同侧前肢的掌背,造成腕关节一次轻微的屈曲,观察该PG对这一刺激的单位反应。实验资料用电子计算机处理,作出平均诱发电位和刺激后时间直方图。本文以电生理学方法揭示,猫小脑后叶第Ⅶ小叶皮层-核团投射存在较明确的纵区分布模式,纵区之间的分界线走向有一定的弯曲,与前叶略有不同。小脑后叶皮层从中线到两侧2.8mm为顶核区(FZ);其外侧为间位核区(IZ),最大宽度约为3.5mm;齿状核区(DZ)约始于5.0mm处。这三个不同纵区的PC对外周自然屈腕刺激都有反应,但反应细胞的百分数不同,FZ有59％的PC对外周刺激有反应,IZ为84％,DZ为20％。这些结果表明后叶第Ⅶ小叶具有类似于前叶的功能分布,IZ的PC对外周刺激有更大的调制作用,提示该皮层-核团投射的纵区结构有其特定的功能意义。

关键词：皮层核团投影小脑电生理学

Medical Image Date Fusion Based on Integrated Computational Intelligence:A Survey

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内镜下黏膜切除术与内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗消化道神经内分泌肿瘤的对比研究

首届国际医学影像学暨介入医学学术会议

作者： WEIjian-ming, ZHANG jian-guo, wang bao-hua(Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200083, China)

＜正＞ The purpose of this paper is to provide a survey of the current state of integrated computational intelligence in medical image fusion, with an emphasis on the gigantic potential of this art. According to the issues existed in medical image fusion, we analyzed the feasibility and importance of integrated computational intelligence for the applications, illustrated the relationships of integration, fusion and intelligence, addressed the model for integration of computational intelligence. Some challenges to medical image fusion and the application of integrated computational intelligence technologies are indicated.

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中国内镜杂志 2017年第9期23卷 75-78页

作者：王保健顾文芬胡忠卓薛林攀钢集团总医院消化内科四川攀枝花617023 攀钢集团总医院病理科四川攀枝花617023

目的探讨内镜下黏膜切除术(EMR)和内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)对消化道神经内分泌肿瘤患者围手术期临床指标、完全切除率及并发症的影响。方法研究对象选取该院2009年6月-2016年6月消化道神经内分泌肿瘤患者共40例,根据手术方案不同分为A组(2... 详细信息

目的探讨内镜下黏膜切除术(EMR)和内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)对消化道神经内分泌肿瘤患者围手术期临床指标、完全切除率及并发症的影响。方法研究对象选取该院2009年6月-2016年6月消化道神经内分泌肿瘤患者共40例,根据手术方案不同分为A组(20例)和B组(20例),分别采用EMR(A组)和ESD(B组)治疗,比较两组患者手术时间、治疗费用、病变组织直径、病变组织厚度、肿物完全切除率、垂直切缘阴性率及并发症发生率等。结果 A组患者手术时间和治疗费用均明显优于B组(P0.05);B组患者肿物完全切除率明显高于A组(P0.05);B组患者并发症发生率明显高于A组(P<0.05)。结论两种内镜术式治疗消化道神经内分泌肿瘤在肿物切除效果方面较为接近,EMR具有操作时间短、经济负担轻及并发症少等优势;而ESD应用则有助于提高肿物彻底清除效果。

关键词：内镜下黏膜切除术内镜黏膜下剥离术神经内分泌肿瘤