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Probing quantum causality with geometric asymmetry in spatial-temporal correlations

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 294-305页

作者： Yu MENg Zheng-Hao LIU Zhikuan ZHAO Peng YIN Yi-Tao WANg Wei LIU Zhi-Peng LI Yuan-Ze YANg Zhao-An WANg Jin-shi XU Shang YU jian-Shun TANg Chuan-Feng LI guang-Can gUO CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Department of Computer Science Eidgen?ssische Technische Hochschule Zürich Hefei National Laboratory Department of Physics Imperial College London Research Center for Quantum Sensing Zhejiang Lab

Causation promotes the understanding of correlation to an advanced stage by elucidating its underlying mechanism. Although statisticians have specified the possible causal relations among correlations,inferring causal structures is impossible from only the observed correlations in the classical world. Quantum correlations encapsulating the most defining aspects of quantum physics have taken a new turn for the causal inference problem — the two-point spatial and temporal quantum correlations with observationally discernible characteristics correspond exactly to the two most basic causal structures. However, a direct causal interpretation for quantum correlations has only been established in very limited cases. Here, we explore to what extent quantum correlations promote causal inference. Theoretically, we have found that the distinguishable causal regime of two-point Pauli correlations can be expanded from a single value to an asymmetric interval, and the causal structures determining the quantum correlations can be interpreted by a simple distance criterion. Experimentally, we have devised and implemented a versatile non-unital quantum channel in an optical architecture to directly observe such an asymmetric interval. The setup enabled quantum causal inference without any requirement of active intervention, which is impossible in the classical realm. Our work facilitates the identification of causal links among quantum variables and provides insight into characterizing causation and spatial-temporal correlation in quantum mechanics.

关键词： causality quantum information quantum channel channel-state duality non-unital channel

一种基于反谐振结构的三能级掺钕激光光纤设计

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物理学报 2024年第14期73卷 121-126页

作者：许海琛付士杰田浩盛泉史伟姚建铨天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院光电信息技术教育部重点实验室天津300072

900 nm掺钕光纤激光器可广泛应用于生物医学诊断、激光检测和光谱分析等领域.钕离子在1060 nm波段四能级跃迁的增益竞争,严重限制了900 nm三能级掺钕光纤激光器输出功率的提升.本文设计了一种纤芯直径为27μm的大模场掺钕实芯双层反谐... 详细信息

900 nm掺钕光纤激光器可广泛应用于生物医学诊断、激光检测和光谱分析等领域.钕离子在1060 nm波段四能级跃迁的增益竞争,严重限制了900 nm三能级掺钕光纤激光器输出功率的提升.本文设计了一种纤芯直径为27μm的大模场掺钕实芯双层反谐振光纤,用于产生高功率900 nm激光.通过在有源光纤中引入双层反谐振单元结构,并对光纤结构参数和折射率分布进行优化,模拟结果表明光纤在880—913 nm波段基模损耗小于0.1 dB/m,高阶模式损耗大于10 dB/m,同时在1060 nm波段所有模式损耗达到100 dB/m.本文提出的掺钕实芯反谐振光纤在900 nm高功率光纤激光器和放大器等领域具有广泛的应用前景.

关键词：实芯反谐振光纤掺钕光纤大模场面积光纤单模光纤

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原则·结构·设计:地理教科书的建设思想与实践——以科普版义务教育地理教科书为例

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地理教学 2024年第17期 4-10页

作者：陈实程健华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院湖北武汉430079 华中师范大学人工智能教育学部湖北武汉430079

依据《义务教育地理课程标准(2022年版)》要求修订出版的科学普及出版社《义务教育教科书·地理》,修编过程坚持了政治性与思想性、学习性与教导性、先进性与艺术性等原则。科学普及出版社《义务教育教科书·地理》聚焦基础教育课程改... 详细信息

依据《义务教育地理课程标准(2022年版)》要求修订出版的科学普及出版社《义务教育教科书·地理》,修编过程坚持了政治性与思想性、学习性与教导性、先进性与艺术性等原则。科学普及出版社《义务教育教科书·地理》聚焦基础教育课程改革新要求和地理核心素养培养,从学科内容、学习程序、教导程序等视角优化教科书建设的逻辑结构,在编写实践上体现了项目式学习推进和“导—学—评”一体化设计。

关键词：科普版义务教育地理教科书修编原则逻辑结构编写实践

扩压式自泵送流体动静压型机械密封自清洁特性研究

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润滑与密封 2024年第8期49卷 141-148页

作者：施建孙见君南京林业大学机械电子工程学院江苏南京210037

传统的流体楔入式机械密封需增设外部流体阻塞系统来降低杂质颗粒对密封性能影响。针对一种具有自清洁特性的新型扩压式自泵送机械密封,采用FLUENT中的DPM模型研究不同离散相参数、螺旋槽结构参数和工况参数对颗粒在动压槽内的运动规律... 详细信息

传统的流体楔入式机械密封需增设外部流体阻塞系统来降低杂质颗粒对密封性能影响。针对一种具有自清洁特性的新型扩压式自泵送机械密封,采用FLUENT中的DPM模型研究不同离散相参数、螺旋槽结构参数和工况参数对颗粒在动压槽内的运动规律和排出特性的影响。研究结果表明:含固工况下的端面液膜开启力和泄漏量较纯流体状态下更大,泄漏量最大增加6.1%;在低颗粒体积分数下,排屑率逐渐上升,在体积分数7%时达到最大,随后排屑率快速降低;随着颗粒直径增加,排屑率整体呈下降趋势,且颗粒直径越大,排屑率下降得越快;螺旋槽结构参数主要改变了螺旋槽内压力梯度分布幅值和分布范围,在低转速下,颗粒受压差梯度力影响更加显著;高转速和低介质压力工况能够显著提高端面排屑效率,排屑率最高能达到92.3%。

关键词：机械密封固体颗粒自清洁两相流密封性能

scRNA-seq reveals that origin recognition complex subunit 6 regulates mouse spermatogonial cell proliferation and apoptosis via activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 46-56页

作者： shi-Wei Liu Jia-Qiang Luo Liang-Yu Zhao Ning-Jing Ou Chao-Yang Yu-Xiang Zhang Hao-Wei Bai Hong-Fang Sun jian-Xiong Zhang Chen-Cheng Yao Peng Li Ru-Hui Tian Zheng Li Zi-Jue Zhu Department of Andrology Center for Men's HealthUrologic Medical CenterShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China Department of Urology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical ImagingThe Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Department of Urology First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China

The regulation of spermatogonial proliferation and apoptosis is of great significance for maintaining *** single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)analysis of the testis was performed to identify genes upregulated in *** scRNAseq analysis,we identified the spermatogonia upregulated gene origin recognition complex subunit 6(Orc6),which is involved in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation;its protein expression in the human and mouse testis was detected by western blot and *** explore the potential function of Orc6 in spermatogonia,the C18-4 cell line was transfected with control or Orc6 ***,5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine(EdU)and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)assays,flow cytometry,and western blot were used to evaluate its effects on proliferation and *** was revealed that ORC6 could promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of C18-4 *** RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis indicated that Orc6 was involved in the activation of wingless/integrated(Wnt)/β-catenin *** blot revealed that the expression ofβ-catenin protein and its phosphorylation(Ser675)were significantly decreased when silencing the expression of *** findings indicated that Orc6 was upregulated in spermatogonia,whereby it regulated proliferation and apoptosis by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

关键词： cell proliferation ORCg scRNA-seq analysis spermatogonia Wnt/β-catenin signaling

A von-Neumann-like photonic processor and its application in studying quantum signature of chaos

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 672-681页

作者： Shang Yu Wei Liu Si-Jing Tao Zhi-Peng Li Yi-Tao Wang Zhi-Peng Zhong Raj BPatel Yu Meng Yuan-Ze Yang Zhao-An Wang Nai-Jie guo Xiao-Dong Zeng Zhe Chen Liang Xu Ning Zhang Xiao Liu Mu Yang Wen-Hao Zhang Zong-Quan Zhou Jin-shi Xu jian-Shun Tang Yong-jian Han Chuan-Feng Li guang-Can guo CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China. CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China. Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China. Research Center for Quantum Sensing Zhejiang LabHangzhou 310000China. Quantum Optics and Laser Science Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonPrince Consort RdLondon SW72AZUK. Clarendon Laboratory Department of PhysicsOxford UniversityParks Road OX13PUOxfordUK

Photonic quantum computation plays an important role and offers unique *** decades after the milestone work of Knill-Laflamme-Milburn,various architectures of photonic processors have been proposed,and quantum advantage over classical computers has also been *** is now the opportune time to apply this technology to real-world ***,at current technology level,this aim is restricted by either programmability in bulk optics or loss in integrated optics for the existing architectures of processors,for which the resource cost is also a *** we present a von-Neumann-like architecture based on temporal-mode encoding and looped structure on table,which is capable of multimode-universal programmability,resource-efficiency,phasestability and *** order to illustrate these merits,we execute two different programs with varying resource requirements on the same processor,to investigate quantum signature of chaos from two aspects:the signature behaviors exhibited in phase space(13 modes),and the Fermi golden rule which has not been experimentally studied in quantitative way before(26 modes).The maximal program contains an optical interferometer network with 1694 freely-adjustable *** current state-of-the-art,our architecture stands as the most promising candidate for real-world applications.

关键词： quantum signature chaos

Achieving full mutualism with massive passive devices for multiuser MIMO symbiotic radio

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 196-212页

作者： Jingran XU Zhuoyin DAI Yong ZENg shi JIN Tao jiang National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Purple Mountain Laboratories Research Center of 6g Mobile Communications School of Cyber Science and Engineering and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Symbiotic radio(SR) is one of the attractive communication technologies to facilitate largescale Internet of Things(IoT) connections with enhanced energy and spectrum efficiency, where passive backscatter devices(BDs) modulate their information over the radio frequency(RF) signals emitted by the active primary transmitters(PTs). Meanwhile, the primary transmission can be strengthened with the additional multipaths created by BDs. To capitalize to a greater extent on the mutualism relationship between the two types of communication, this paper studies multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) SR communication systems including multiple PTs and massive BDs. We derive the achievable rate expressions of each PT and BD, as well as the sum rate expressions of primary and secondary communication, *** asymptotic analysis is given to derive the active and passive communication rates with a large number of BDs. Furthermore, for the general case with a finite number of BDs, we study the precoding optimization problem to maximize the sum rate of primary communication, while ensuring that the sum rate of secondary communication and the individual rate for each PT and BD in the prescribed active and passive user sets satisfy the specified thresholds. Simulation results are presented to verify the analytical studies.

关键词： multiuser MIMO SR backscattering massive backscatter devices asymptotic analysis active and passive communication

Allosteric modulation of g protein-coupled receptors as a novel therapeutic strategy in neuropathic pain

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 67-86页

作者： Chunhao Zhu Xiaobing Lan Zhiqiang Wei jianqiang Yu jian Zhang School of Pharmacy Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004China Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China School of Basic Medical Science Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004China Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics Center Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Neuropathic pain is a debilitating pathological condition that presents significant therapeutic challenges in clinical ***,current pharmacological treatments for neuropathic pain lack clinical efficacy and often lead to harmful adverse *** g protein-coupled receptors(gPCRs)are widely distributed throughout the body,including the pain transmission pathway and descending inhibition pathway,the development of novel neuropathic pain treatments based on gPCRs allosteric modulation theory is gaining *** research has shown that allosteric modulators targeting gPCRs on the pain pathway can effectively alleviate symptoms of neuropathic pain while reducing or eliminating adverse *** review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the progress made in gPCRs allosteric modulators in the treatment of neuropathic pain,and discuss the potential benefits and adverse factors of this *** will also concentrate on the development of biased agonists of gPCRs,and based on important examples of biased agonist development in recent years,we will describe universal strategies for designing structure-based biased *** is foreseeable that,with the continuous improvement of gPCRs allosteric modulation and biased agonist theory,effective gPCRs allosteric drugs will eventually be available for the treatment of neuropathic pain with acceptable safety.

关键词： Neuropathic pain Allosteric modulators g protein-coupled receptors Analgesia

Evolution of helium bubbles in FeCoNiCr-based high-entropy alloys containing γ′ nanoprecipitates

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 491-500页

作者：冯婷蒋胜明胡潇天张子骏黄子敬董士刚张建 College of Energy Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China16

A series of high-entropy alloys(HEAs) containing nanoprecipitates of varying sizes is successfully prepared by a non-consuming vacuum arc melting *** order to study the irradiation evolution of helium bubbles in the FeCoNiCrbased HE As with γ' precipitates,these samples are irradiated by 100-keV helium ions with a fluence of 5 × 10^(20) ions/m^(2) at 293 K and 673 K,*** the samples irradiated at room temperature are annealed at different temperatures to examine the diffusion behavior of helium *** electron microscope(TEM) is employed to characterize the structural morphology of precipitated nanoparticles and the evolution of helium *** results reveal that nanosized,spherical,dispersed,coherent,and ordered L1_(2)-type Ni_(3)Ti γ' precipitations are introduced into FeCoNiCr(Ni_(3)Ti)_(0.1) HEAs by means of ageing treatments at temperatures between 1073 K and 1123 *** the ageing treatment conditions adopted in this work,γ' nanoparticles are precipitated in FeCoNiCr(Ni_(3)Ti)_(0.1) HE As,with average diameters of 15.80 nm,37.09 nm,and 62.50 nm,*** average sizes of helium bubbles observed in samples after 673-K irradiation are 1.46 nm,1.65 nm,and 1.58 nm,*** improvement in the irradiation resistance of FeCoNiCr(Ni_(3)Ti)_(0.1) HEAs is evidenced by the diminution in bubbles ***,the FeCoNiCr(Ni_(3)Ti)_(0.1) HEAs containing γ' precipitates of 15.8 nm exhibits the minimum size and density of helium bubbles,which can be ascribed to the considerable helium trapping effects of heterogeneous coherent phase ***,annealing experiments conducted after 293-K irradiation indicate that HEAs containing precipitated phases exhibits smaller apparent activation energy(E_(a)) for helium bubbles,resulting in larger helium bubble *** study provides guidance for improving the irradiation resistance of L1_(2)-strengthened high-entropy alloy.

关键词： high-entropy alloys irradiation resistance coherent precipitates helium bubbles