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Insights from untargeted metabolomics: revealing potential marker compounds into the maturation of fermented chili

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年

作者： Shiyu Liu Mingyuan Yang Jianhua Zhao Meijuan lei Jinlin Han Min Xu Ping Liu Jie Tang Hongbin Lin School of Food and Bio-engineering， Xihua University China Agricultural University-Sichuan Advanced Agricultural & Industrial Institute Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province

Chili fermentation is one of the most important processes in the production of Pixian Douban (PXDB)， which determines the flavor and product quality of PXDB. However， the maturity of fermented chili mainly depends on empirical judgment， which can not satisfy the need for standardized production of PXDB. Therefore， this study aimed to investigate volatile and non-volatile substances during the maturation process and to find markers related to the maturity of fermented chili. GC×GC-MS combined with multivariate statistical analysis revealed that 2-methoxy-3-isobutyl pyrazine， linalool， 3-(methylthio)propionaldehyde， myrcene， and decanal (ROAV ≥ 1， VIP > 1， P < 0.05) were regarded as potentially active aromatic markers for differentiating fermentation time. Additionally， UPLC-QTOF-MS combined with multivariate statistical analysis resulted that 14 compounds can serve as differentiated non-volatile compounds. The correlation of maturity-related physico-chemical indicators with volatile and non-volatile compounds revealed that three volatile compounds (2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine， linalool， and decanal) along with fructose and adenosine could serve as markers for evaluating the maturity of chili. This study is expected to establish a standard for the determination of maturity the fermented chili and lay the foundation for intelligent production of PXDB.

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Impact of Phase-locked Loop Dynamics on Transient Over-voltage in VSC due to Switching Delays

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Dianwang Jishu/Power System Technology 2025年第1期49卷 284-294页

作者： Zhao, Boyuan Lu, Chen Chen, lei Min, Yong Li, Luyang Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Haidian District Beijing 100084 China North China Branch of State Grid Corporation of China Xicheng District Beijing 100053 China

With the implementation of the "emission peak, carbon neutrality" strategy, the proportion of renewable energy is increasing, and the grid strength of the power system is getting weaker. This leads to high transient over-voltage problems caused by AC short circuits. The paper analyzes the impact of phase-locked loop (PLL) dynamics on the transient over-voltage in a voltage source converter (VSC) due to switching delays after low voltage ride-through (LVRT). The results show that the point of common coupling (PCC) voltage phase generally jumps backward at the moment of fault clearing, and the reactive current during the switching delay no longer equals the reference value due to PLL. When VSC only injects reactive current during LVRT, the phenomenon will improve the transient over-voltage. However, if the active current is injected simultaneously, the transient over-voltage level may deteriorate under some parameters of PLL. In addition, this paper also analyzes the principle of PLL parameter adjustment to ensure that the PLL dynamics improve the transient over-voltage. Electromagnetic transient simulation by MATLAB verifies the results. © 2025 Power System Technology Press. All rights reserved.

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Polarization-encoded neural networks with simplified grating patch

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Chengyan ZHONG Xiang WANG Lingfei LI Yuanchi CUI lei XIAO Dawei SONG Junxiong GUO Wen HUANG Yufeng GUO Yu LIU College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of RF Integration and Micro-Assembly Technology College of Integrated Circuits Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre Zhejiang University Nanjing Mumusili Technology Co. LTD School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua University Institute of Advanced Study School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Chengdu University State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Integrated Circuit Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Optical neural networks (ONNs) offer a promising solution for high-performance, energy-efficient artificial intelligence hardware by leveraging the parallelism and speed of light. However, the large-scale implementation of ONNs remains challenging due to the bulky footprint and complex control of optical synapses. In this work, we propose and simulate a plasmonic polarized synaptic architecture that overcomes the diffraction limit and enables ultra-compact ONNs. By tuning the polarization state of incident light, the optical transmittance through each plasmonic unit can be dynamically adjusted to represent a synaptic weight. Our plasmonic structures, with features as small as 40 nm, operate well below this limit in the visible spectrum (400–750 nm). Compared with diffraction and interference-based circuit designs, our proposed method achieves a substantial reduction in synaptic density by factors of 150000-fold and 1500-fold, respectively. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrate a proof-of-concept plasmonic ONN applied to the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research—10classes (CIFAR-10) dataset using a Visual Geometry Group network with 16 layers (VGG16) model. After training for 80epochs, the network achieves an accuracy of 93%. The polarization-tunable plasmonics paves the way towards scalable ONNs for next-generation artificial intelligence (AI) accelerators and smart sensors.

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Acceptor concentration dependent Fo?rster resonance energy transfer in nanocrystal-molecule complexes revealed by spectral analysis

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： Rongxin ZHANG Zixiang ZHOU lei WANG Xin ZHANG Ying LIANG Guijie LIANG Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices， Hubei University of Arts and Science

A nanocrystal-molecule complex composed of CdSe donor and Rhodamine B (RhB) acceptor is prepared to investigate the effect of accepter-donor ratio on the Fo?rster resonance energy transfer (FRET) process. To highlight the FRET process， the energy level alignment between CdSe and RhB is purposefully designed and CdSe nanocrystal is coated with a wide band-gap ZnS shell. The carrier dynamics is observed via combined spectral analysis. The results reveal clear FRET process between the CdSe donor and RhB acceptor. The FRET is enhanced by increasing RhB/CdSe ratio and a gradual saturation will be present at high RhB concentration.

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Design of a terahertz slotted waveguide array antenna based on photonic crystal

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： PAN Wu YE Kuan ZHANG Zhen LI Renpu QIU Sen HUANG lei College of Photoelectronic Engineering， Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Information Sensing and Transmission Technology， Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Laboratory of Quantum Information Technology， Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications

In this paper， a terahertz slotted waveguide array antenna is designed based on photonic crystal， which can realize efficient radiation of terahertz waves. The electromagnetic wave is fed from the rectangular waveguide at the bottom of the antenna， coupled to photonic crystal waveguide through photonic crystal cavity， and radiated outward through slots at the top layer of antenna. The simulation results show that the antenna achieves a peak gain of 13.45dBi at 360 GHz， a half-power beamwidth of 10.9o， and a side lobe level of -13.9dB. The antenna based on photonic crystal has the advantages of low profile， low loss， and high radiation efficiency， which can be applied to terahertz wireless communication systems.

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阿列克谢耶夫《聊斋志异》译本的译者行为批评分析

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外语学刊 2025年第1期 92-98页

作者：雷丽斯黑龙江大学高级翻译学院哈尔滨150080

《聊斋志异》是我国古代短篇小说的艺术丰碑,由苏联汉学家阿列克谢耶夫完成的俄语选译本在俄罗斯完成经典化。本文以阿列克谢耶夫译本为例,运用文本细读法,从翻译内外二分化视野,对译者行为进行批评分析。研究发现,在翻译外层面上,译者... 详细信息

《聊斋志异》是我国古代短篇小说的艺术丰碑,由苏联汉学家阿列克谢耶夫完成的俄语选译本在俄罗斯完成经典化。本文以阿列克谢耶夫译本为例,运用文本细读法,从翻译内外二分化视野,对译者行为进行批评分析。研究发现,在翻译外层面上,译者身份、译者与作者之间的“知己关系”等因素促使译者行为偏向作者/原文一端;在翻译内层面上,译者运用多种翻译手段最大限度地实现了对作者/原文的求真,同时在求真的基础上,使译文对读者/社会务实,译者行为合理度较佳。

关键词：译者行为批评《聊斋志异》阿列克谢耶夫译者行为典籍翻译

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CEPT污泥发酵液强化前置反硝化生物滤池脱氮研究

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水处理技术 2025年第1期51卷 120-127页

作者：潘雷王琳中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院山东青岛266000

考察不同运行参数对前置反硝化生物滤池工艺处理性能的影响,综合考虑最佳HRT为4 h,硝化液回流比为100%,投加乙酸钠调节COD/TN为5。在上述最佳条件下,采用CEPT污泥发酵液作碳源各污染物的去除效率相较于乙酸钠虽然都有所降低,但是基本能... 详细信息

考察不同运行参数对前置反硝化生物滤池工艺处理性能的影响,综合考虑最佳HRT为4 h,硝化液回流比为100%,投加乙酸钠调节COD/TN为5。在上述最佳条件下,采用CEPT污泥发酵液作碳源各污染物的去除效率相较于乙酸钠虽然都有所降低,但是基本能够满足出水要求;发酵液的平均比反硝化速率仅仅略低于乙酸钠,这进一步证明了发酵液作为反硝化碳源的可行性。微生物群落组成分析表明Y-A组中的绿弯菌和放线菌比F-A组高,这可能能解释乙酸钠的脱氮效果优于污泥发酵液;功能分析表明F-A组与Y-A组各代谢通路丰度相当,Y-A组的napAB+narGHI、nirKS相对丰度比F-A组略高,这可能是添加乙酸钠相较于CEPT污泥发酵液具有更强的反硝化性能的原因之一。

关键词： CEPT污泥发酵液前置反硝化生物滤池碳源微生物群落组成和功能

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Activatable chemiluminescence probe based on four-arm PEGconjugated-pyropheophorbide-a for in vivo autofluorescence-free imaging of peroxynitrite

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Jianmei Ke lei Ding Ronggui Lian Cheng Zheng Wenjun Li Aixian Zheng Yupeng Sun Ming Wu Yongyi Zeng Xiaolong Liu Maochun Hong Xiaolong Zhang The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Rare Earths University of Science and Technology of China College of Chemistry Fuzhou University State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences

Peroxynitrite（ONOO-） is a highly reactive nitrogen species that plays pivotal roles in cell signal transduction and physiological or pathological progresses. However, commonly used ONOO-optical imaging probes are still hampered by high background/autofluorescence（fluorescence probe）, short emission wavelength, or poor selectivity in the case of chemiluminescence. Herein,we report a facile method to prepare an activatable chemiluminescence probe（PPA-PEG） with good biocompatibility and functionality for in vivo autofluorescence-free imaging of ONOO-. The PPA-PEG consists of pyropheophorbide-a（PPA）, a typical deep red photosensitizer that acts as both the recognition and signaling element, and 4-arm poly（ethylene glycol）(4-arm PEG), which improves the biosafety and water solubility of probe. These components can self-assemble into nanoparticles（namely PPA-PEG nanoprobe） in aqueous solution. The PPA-PEG nanoprobe showed an ultra-low chemiluminescence signal before interacting with ONOO-, but exhibited good selectivity, high sensitivity and a fast response toward ONOO-. The PPAPEG was successfully applied to image cellular ONOO-changes, as well as the endogenous ONOO-changes in inflammation models and subcutaneous or orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） tumors models in living mice. In vitro and in vivo studies verified the good detection and imaging capabilities of PPA-PEG for peroxynitrite, demonstrating suitable tissue penetration and a high signal-to-background ratio（SBR）. Thus, our nanoprobe can serve as a valuable activatable chemiluminescence imaging tool for studying important peroxynitrite-related chemical and biological applications.

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Hyperbolic-parabolic deformations of rational maps Dedicated to the Memory of Professor lei Tan

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Science China Mathematics 2018年第12期61卷 2157-2220页

作者： Guizhen Cui lei Tan Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences LAREMA Université d'Angers

We develop a Thurston-like theory to characterize geometrically finite rational maps, and then apply it to study pinching and plumbing deformations of rational maps. We show that under certain conditions the pinching path converges uniformly and the quasiconformal conjugacy converges uniformly to a semi-conjugacy from the original map to the limit. Conversely, every geometrically finite rational map with parabolic points is the landing point of a pinching path for any prescribed plumbing combinatorics.

关键词： rational map geometrically finite hyperbolic parabolic

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