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Jupiter: a modern federated learning platform for regional medical care

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第10期64卷 152-165页

作者： Ju XING jiadong TIAN Zexun JIANG Jiali CHENG Hao YIN Department of Automation Tsinghua University School of Cyberspace Security Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University College of Engineering Northeastern University

With the emergence of AI technologies, intrinsic value of data is released and takes tremendous effects on numerous industries. In the context of regional medical care, data sharing and cooperating is in high demand, which can bring both financial and societal benefits. At present, however, medical data are locked inside medical facilities owing to legal risks and economic considerations. How to bring AI technologies into full play under this circumstance is a big challenge. In this paper, we propose Jupiter, an easy-to-use,secure, and high-performance platform for federated machine learning. Jupiter constructs a secure and highperformance aggregator cluster with SGX to efficiently aggregate the encrypted model parameters. Jupiter employs a stateful design to cooperate with medical facilities in regional medical systems with a fixed network connection. By providing an innovative programming abstraction, Jupiter makes model development more friendly to developers. The experiments show that with a low memory footprint, the throughput of a single node on an ordinary PC can reach 300 MB/s(with slice size fixed to 64 KB), and the aggregation primitive we built can process 11 k aggregations per second.

关键词： federated learning programming abstraction SGX high-performance

Sotorasib对比多西他赛用于经治的KRAS^(G12C)突变晚期非小细胞肺癌:一项随机对照、开放标签、Ⅲ期临床研究

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肿瘤学杂志 2024年第1期30卷 73-81页

作者：李思妮褚嘉栋金莹浙江省肿瘤医院中国科学院杭州医学研究所浙江杭州310022

Sotorasib是一种特异性的、不可逆的GTPase蛋白KRAS^(G12C)抑制剂。CodeBreaK 200研究比较了Sotorasib与一种标准治疗方案在既往接受过其他抗肿瘤药物治疗的KRAS^(G12C)突变非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者中的疗效和安全性。研究者在22个国家的148个中心进行了一项随机、开放标签的Ⅲ期试验。该研究招募了年龄在18岁以上、既往含铂化疗和PD-1或PD-L1抑制剂治疗进展后的KRAS^(G12C)突变晚期NSCLC患者。关键的排除标准包括:出现新发或进展的未经治疗的脑部病变,或有症状的脑部病变、存在除KRAS^(G12C)以外的驱动基因突变(如EGFR或ALK)、既往接受过多西他赛治疗(若肿瘤在终止治疗后6个月内未进展,则允许使用多西他赛进行新辅助治疗或辅助治疗)、既往接受过KRAS^(G12C)抑制剂治疗、在研究第1天的前28天内接受过系统性抗肿瘤治疗,并在治疗开始2周内接受了治疗性或姑息性放疗。以开放标签的方式将入组患者随机1∶1分为Sotorasib口服组(960 mg,每日1次)和多西他赛静脉输注组(75 mg/m^(2),每3周1次),根据晚期疾病患者既往治疗线数(1 vs 2 vs>2)、种族(亚洲vs非亚洲)和中枢神经系统转移史(有vs无)进行分层。治疗持续到独立中心确认疾病进展、患者不耐受、开始另一种抗癌治疗、撤回同意或死亡,以先发生者为准。主要终点是无进展生存期,在意向治疗人群中通过盲态独立审阅中心进行评估,对所有接受治疗的患者进行安全性评估。该试验已在***注册(编号NCT04303780),目前仍处于有效状态,但不再招募患者。在2020年6月4日至2021年4月26日期间,345例患者被随机分配至Sotorasib组(n=171)或多西他赛组(n=174)。Sotorasib组和多西他赛组中各有169例(99%)和151例(87%)患者接受了至少一次剂量的治疗。在中位随访17.7(IQR:16.4~20.1)个月后,该研究达到了主要研究终点。与多西他赛组相比,Sotorasib组的无进展生存期显著性增加[5.6个月(95%CI:4.3~7.8)vs 4.5个月(95%CI:3.0~5.7);HR=0.66(95%CI:0.51~0.86);P=0.0017]。与多西他赛组相比,Sotorasib组耐受性良好,3级及以上(33%vs 40%)和严重的治疗相关不良事件(11%vs 23%)更少。Sotorasib最常见的3级或以上的治疗相关不良事件是腹泻(12%)、谷丙转氨酶升高(8%)和谷草转氨酶升高(5%);而对于多西他赛,最常见的3级或以上的治疗相关不良事件是中性粒细胞减少(9%)、疲劳(6%)和发热性中性粒细胞减少(5%)。相比较于多西他赛,Sotorasib显著性提高既往接受过其他抗肿瘤药物治疗的KRAS^(G12C)突变晚期NSCLC患者的无进展生存期,且具有更优的安全性。

关键词：非小细胞肺癌 KRAS^(G12C) Sotorasib 多西他赛

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酞菁铁分子激活高碘酸盐降解对氯苯酚的研究

当代化工研究 2024年第4期 163-165页

作者：包英健曾滔潘杰陈家栋周松蒲钢菲浙江工业大学环境学院浙江310014 绍兴市上虞区水处理发展有限责任公司浙江312300

本文采用了水热法制备了无取代的酞菁铁分子,用此材料活化高碘酸盐(IO_(4)-)产生^(1)O_(2),O_(2)·-和IO_(3)·降解对氯苯酚(4-CP)。实验结果表明,Fe-N4是有利于高碘酸盐活化的良好配位结构,在8min内,FePc/IO_(4)-体系对于4-CP有高达95... 详细信息

本文采用了水热法制备了无取代的酞菁铁分子,用此材料活化高碘酸盐(IO_(4)-)产生^(1)O_(2),O_(2)·-和IO_(3)·降解对氯苯酚(4-CP)。实验结果表明,Fe-N4是有利于高碘酸盐活化的良好配位结构,在8min内,FePc/IO_(4)-体系对于4-CP有高达95%的去除率。FePc/IO_(4)-体系对4-CP的降解受反应初始pH值以及无机离子的影响较少,pH=3~10的范围内,4-CP的去除率均超过了98%,对4-CP去除率影响最大的HCO3-也超过80%,且对水体不会造成二次污染。采用FePc活化高碘酸盐降解水中的4-CP是可行的,具有较为广泛的适用性和实际应用能力,为工业水污染的处理提供新思路。

关键词：酞菁铁高碘酸盐活化剂降解

Petrology and geochemistry of the Carboniferous cutinite-rich coals from the Hequ area of Shanxi Province, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第10期65卷 2018-2032页

作者： Daofu SONG Tieguan WANG Ping LI jiadong YAN Xiangji ZHENG State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China

Coal samples taken from the Taiyuan Formation in the Hequ area, China, for this study are typical cutinite-rich *** petrology and geochemistry of the samples were analyzed using microscopic examination, proximate and ultimate analysis,rock pyrolysis, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The cutinites in Haochuan(HC) coals are predominantly of the thin-walled type, whereas those in the Jingzigou(JZG) coals are predominantly thick-walled. The variable thickness of cutinites in different coals is related to the environment in which the coal-forming plants grew. Compared with typical Ⅲ kerogens, HC and JZG bituminous coals are characterized by high volatile matter yields and hydrogen contents due to the elevated hydrogen-rich cutinite content. Pyrolysis data indicate that these cutinite-rich coals can be expected to generate commercial liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons. Pristane(Pr) and phytane(Ph) are both abundant in the samples, with the Pr/Ph ratios for both the HC and JZG coals being >3.0, indicating moderate maturity and oxic peat depositional conditions. The C>>C>Cnormalized relative abundance of regular steranes is consistent with a dominant contribution from higher *** hopanes in the coals also suggest a substantial organic matter input from bacteria, which are common inhabitants of peat and coal. Palynology studies indicate that pteridophytes are likely to be the most common coal-forming plants. A gymnosperm contribution is also indicated by the presence of tetracyclic diterpenes. Massive accumulations of cuticles as cutinite in coal are rare and account for only a small proportion of coals worldwide. However, cutinite-rich coals are found in the northern margin of the North China Craton, in the Taiyuan Formation. The accumulation of cutinite in this area is the result of distinctive peat deposition conditions. Frequent marine transgression was an important contributing factor.

关键词： Cutinite-rich coal Carboniferous Coal petrology Geochemistry Hequ area

Anti-Dropping Technology of Four-Wheeled Throwing Robot

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2018年第3期27卷 442-450页

作者： Jianzhong Wang Pengzhan Liu jiadong Shi State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology

Within the fields of reconnaissance and surveillance,there is an ongoing need to obtain information from areas that are hard to reach or unsafe to ***,using robots with high performance in detecting obstacles is advantageous in these *** anti-drop impact design is one of the challenges facing the design of the throwing *** this present study,the drop model of the four-wheeled mobile robot is established,while the response of the model under shock impact is *** the response of the model,we can obtain relationships between the maximum compression displacements of the wheels and the maximum acceleration of the robot,the drop height of the robot,the natural frequency of the impact *** the relationship between the maximum stress,the maximum deformation of the shell and the thickness of the shell,we can obtain the maximum acceleration of the *** to the relationships between the parameters,the optimal design parameters for the anti-dropping capability of the robot are chosen.A finite element model was established with Abaqus and a free fall from a height of 6 mto the solid ground was *** results show that the optimized structure can survive from the impact with solid ground from a free fall at a height of 6 m.

关键词： robotics investigation anti-dropping impact stress analysis

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矿渣基地聚物流态盾构固化土的性能研究

硅酸盐通报 2024年第6期43卷 2176-2185页

作者：牛家栋杜运兴张自成李艳秋秦宝坤湖南大学土木工程学院长沙410082 中建一局集团第五建筑有限公司北京100024

为实现对地下工程中的高含水率盾构土资源化利用,探究地聚物材料固化盾构土的可行性,本文采用矿渣基地聚物固化盾构土,通过研究碱激发剂模数、矿物配比、碱激发剂掺量、温度对不同种类盾构固化土无侧限抗压强度和工程性能的影响规律,确... 详细信息

为实现对地下工程中的高含水率盾构土资源化利用,探究地聚物材料固化盾构土的可行性,本文采用矿渣基地聚物固化盾构土,通过研究碱激发剂模数、矿物配比、碱激发剂掺量、温度对不同种类盾构固化土无侧限抗压强度和工程性能的影响规律,确定固化土配合比设计,在此基础之上研究地聚物掺量对固化土水稳性的影响,并采用SEM对盾构固化土进行微观分析,揭示其固化机制。结果表明,在试验拟定的水固比下,两种不同土质流态盾构固化土均有良好的力学性能和工程性能,矿渣基地聚物产生了无定形凝胶,增强了土壤颗粒之间的胶结及密实度,其中固化剂掺量为干土质量22%的盾构固化土在标养条件下的28 d无侧限抗压强度可达5.38 MPa, 40℃条件下可达8.08 MPa,水稳系数达0.98。

关键词：盾构固化土地聚物固化剂最优配合比工程性能微观机理

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General construction of lithiophilic 3D skeleton for dendrite-free lithium metal anode via a versatile MOF-derived route

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Science China Materials 2022年第2期65卷 337-348页

作者： Liyan Zeng Ting zhou Xijun Xu Fangkun Li jiadong Shen Dechao Zhang Jun Liu Min Zhu School of Materials Science and Engineering and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

The pursuit of high-mileage models results in the recurrence of lithium metal batteries(LMBs)to researchers’***,the lithium(Li)metal anode for LMBs undergoes the uncontrollable formation of Li dendrites and infinite volume change during cycling,impeding its practical *** overcome these challenges,we developed a metal-organic framework(MOF)-derived pathway to construct lithiophilic three-dimensional(3D)skeleton using different substrates(e.g.,carbon cloth(CC)and Cu mesh)for dendrite-free lithium metal *** a typical example,the MOF-derived ZnO/nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)nanosheet-modified 3D CC was well-constructed as a lithiophilic hierarchical host(CC@ZnO/NC@Li)for molten Li *** from the lithiophilic N-functional groups and LiZn alloy,the synthesized CC@ZnO/NC@Li composite anode promoted the uniform distribution of Li,resulting in a dendrite-free ***,the 3D conductive carbon skeleton enhanced the reaction kinetics and buffered the volume change of the *** CC@ZnO/NC@Li composite anode presented a prolonged lifespan of over 1000 cycles at 5 mA cm^(−2) with a low overpotential of 19 *** with a LiFePO_(4) cathode,the CC@ZnO/NC@Li composite anode also exhibited superior electrochemical properties in the full-cell *** versatile strategy may open up the channel of designing multi-functional lithiophilic 3D hosts for the Li metal anode.

关键词： dendrite-free lithium anode 3D lithiophilic host MOF-derived ZnO/NC nanosheets lithium metal batteries

Constructions for almost perfect binary sequence pairs with even length

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2018年第2期29卷 256-261页

作者： PENG Xiuping LIN Hongbin REN jiadong1 CHEN Xiaoyu School of Information Science and Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China School of Electrical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Hebei Key Laboratory of Information Transmission and Signal Processing Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China

The concept of the binary sequence pair is generalized from a single binary sequence. Binary sequence pairs are applied in many fields of radar, sonar or communication systems, in which signals with optimal periodic correlation are required. Several types of almost perfect binary sequence pairs of length T = 2q are constructed, where q is an odd number. These almost perfect binary sequence pairs are based on binary ideal sequence or binary ideal two-level correlation sequence pairs by using Chinese remainder theorem. For these almost perfect binary sequence pairs with good balanced property, their corresponding divisible difference set pairs(DDSPs) are also derived.

关键词： sequence design divisible difference set pair(DDSP) binary sequence pair almost perfect

Caprini评分联合纤维蛋白原水平对下肢骨折患者下肢深静脉血栓的预测价值

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中国医学创新 2024年第6期21卷 108-111页

作者：葛永军胡家东樊嵘无锡市第八人民医院骨科江苏无锡214011 中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第904医院骨科江苏无锡214000

目的:探究Caprini评分联合纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,FIB)水平对下肢骨折患者下肢深静脉血栓(deep vein thrombosis,DVT)的预测价值。方法:以2020年1月1日—2022年9月30日中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第904医院收治的下肢骨折患者作为研究对... 详细信息

目的:探究Caprini评分联合纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,FIB)水平对下肢骨折患者下肢深静脉血栓(deep vein thrombosis,DVT)的预测价值。方法:以2020年1月1日—2022年9月30日中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第904医院收治的下肢骨折患者作为研究对象,共100例。根据术前下肢深静脉彩色多普勒超声检查结果将研究对象分成DVT组(n=11)和非DVT组(n=89)。比较DVT组和非DVT组FIB水平和Caprini评分;基于模型公式:Y=β_(0)+β_(1)×A+β_(2)×B,构建Caprini评分、FIB回归模型;建立受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线,分析Caprini评分、FIB、Caprini评分联合FIB在下肢骨折患者下肢DVT预测中的应用价值。结果:DVT组的Caprini评分、FIB水平均高于非DVT组(P<0.05)。Caprini评分、FIB的二元logistic回归模型为:Y=-21.556+2.637×FIB+1.997×Caprini评分。经ROC曲线分析,FIB预测下肢DVT的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.908,敏感度为81.82%,特异度为92.13%;Caprini评分预测下肢DVT的AUC为0.939,敏感度为90.91%,特异度为85.39%;Caprini评分联合FIB预测下肢DVT的AUC为0.972,敏感度为100%,特异度为86.52%。结论:发生下肢DVT的下肢骨折患者术前的Caprini评分较高,FIB水平呈现异常增高的情况,Caprini评分联合FIB预测下肢DVT的价值更高。

关键词： Caprini评分纤维蛋白原下肢骨折敏感度特异度下肢深静脉血栓