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Genomic Mutations Within the Host Microbiome: Adaptive Evolution or Purifying Selection

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Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 96-102页

作者： jiachao zhang Rob Knight School of Food Science and Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Department of Pediatrics University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Center for Microbiome Innovation Jacobs School of EngineeringUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Bioengineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Next-generation sequencing technology has transformed our ability to assess the taxonomic composition functions of host-associated microbiota and microbiomes. More human microbiome research projects—particularly those that explore genomic mutations within the microbiome—will be launched in the next decade. This review focuses on the coevolution of microbes within a microbiome, which shapes strain-level diversity both within and between host species. We also explore the correlation between microbial genomic mutations and common metabolic diseases, and the adaptive evolution of pathogens and probiotics during invasion and colonization. Finally, we discuss advances in methods and algorithms for annotating and analyzing microbial genomic mutations.

关键词： Gut microbiota Genomic mutations Adaptive evolution Purifying selection Single-nucleoti de variants

Occurrence, distribution and risk assessment of antibiotics at various aquaculture stages in typical aquaculture areas surrounding the Yellow Sea

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 621-632页

作者： jiachao zhang Xuanrui zhang Yang Zhou Qianfan Han Xiaoli Wang Chao Song Shuguang Wang Shan Zhao Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Water Science and Environmental Engineering Research Center College of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment Qingdao 266003China Analysis and Test Center Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250014China

The pollution of antibiotics commonly existed throughout the entire aquaculture process,but the residues of antibiotics at different aquaculture stages have rarely been *** study investigated the occurrence,distribution and risk assessment of antibiotics at different aquaculture stages (the non-aquaculture stage,the early aquaculture stage,the middle aquaculture stage,and the late aquaculture stage) in two typical marine aquaculture areas(Mahegang River and Dingzi Bay) surrounding the Yellow *** and tetracyclines were commonly used antibiotics in the aquaculture of these areas with high detection frequencies (17%to 83%).Compared among four aquaculture stages,the highest concentration of antibiotics (9032.08 ng/L) in aquaculture ponds was detected at the late aquaculture *** the antibiotic pollution level of natural water was directly related to the aquaculture ***,at the aquaculture stages,the detection frequency of antibiotics in sediments was higher than that at the non-aquaculture *** on the correlation analysis,the concentration of main antibiotics in water showed a positive correlation with total nitrogen (p<0.05) and chlorophyll a (p<0.01),while it showed a negative correlation with salinity (p<0.01) in coastal water of the Dingzi *** to the risk assessment,with the development of aquaculture stages,the selection pressure of fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines on resistant bacteria had *** the ecological risks caused by sulfonamides and tetracyclines to aquatic organisms had also increased ***,this study may provide a reference for formulating regulatory policies regarding antibiotic use at different aquaculture stages.

关键词： Antibiotics Aquaculture stages Correlation analysis Risk assessment

Effects of different carbon sources on the removal of ciprofloxacin and pollutants by activated sludge:Mechanism and biodegradation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第1期34卷 240-248页

作者： Yixiang Cai Zhiyong Yan Yingjuan Ou Boshang Peng Lihua zhang Jihai Shao Yiqing Lin jiachao zhang Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Agricultural Typical Pollution Remediation and Wetland Protection Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410028China

This research investigated the effects of ciprofloxacin(CIP)(0.5,5,and 20 mg/L)on SBR systems under different carbon source *** community abundance and structure were determined by quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing,*** biodegradation production of CIP and possible degradation mechanism were also *** showed that CIP had adverse effects on the nutrient removal from *** with sodium acetate,glucose could be more effectively used by microorganisms,thus eliminating the negative effects of *** stimulated the microbial abundance and increased the removal rate of CIP by 18%–24%.The mechanism research indicated that Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria had a high tolerance for *** sodium acetate as a carbon source,the abundance of nitrite-oxidizing bacterial communities decreased under CIP,resulting in the accumulation of nitrite and *** and Microbacterium played a major role in nitrification and denitrification when using sodium acetate and glucose as carbon *** and Microbacterium played positive roles in the degradation process of CIP and eliminated the negative effect of CIP on SBR,which was consistent with the improved removal efficiency of pollutants.

关键词： Ciprofloxacin Microbial community Sequencing batch reactor Carbon source Biodegradation pathway

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TACE治疗中晚期肝细胞癌的精细化探索

肝胆胰外科杂志 2024年第4期36卷 252-256,F0003页

作者：王哲张震生唐荣陈平平章家超曾勇超海南医学院附属海南医院/海南省人民医院肝胆胰外科海南海口570100

肝细胞癌(HCC)是我国常见的恶性肿瘤,且多数患者在确诊时已处于中晚期,是病死率最高的癌症之一。经典的肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)已成为中晚期HCC的一线治疗方法。然而中晚期HCC患者异质性较大,传统的TACE治疗存在一定局限性。为了克服这些... 详细信息

肝细胞癌(HCC)是我国常见的恶性肿瘤,且多数患者在确诊时已处于中晚期,是病死率最高的癌症之一。经典的肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)已成为中晚期HCC的一线治疗方法。然而中晚期HCC患者异质性较大,传统的TACE治疗存在一定局限性。为了克服这些问题,近年来出现了精细化TACE治疗策略,本综述总结了TACE治疗中晚期HCC的历史和精细化发展方向,以期为临床实践提供指导和启示。

关键词：肝细胞癌中晚期异质性肝动脉化疗栓塞精细化治疗

对外贸易的区域创新促进作用研究——基于经济水平的门槛效应分析

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中国商论 2024年第9期 18-22页

作者：李鑫岩余金艳陈权亮张家超白雪北京第二外国语学院中国一带一路战略研究院北京100024 深圳大学经济学院广东深圳518060 南华大学数理学院湖南衡阳421001

创新是社会发展的第一动力,在不同经济发展水平下创新路径理应有所不同。在“拿来主义”难以为继、“原始创新”相对薄弱的现实情况下,分析对外贸易如何有效提高区域创新能力显得尤为重要。为此,本文基于双重固定面板回归模型,并运用门... 详细信息

创新是社会发展的第一动力,在不同经济发展水平下创新路径理应有所不同。在“拿来主义”难以为继、“原始创新”相对薄弱的现实情况下,分析对外贸易如何有效提高区域创新能力显得尤为重要。为此,本文基于双重固定面板回归模型,并运用门槛回归的分析方法,从地市级层面分析验证了在不同经济发展水平下对外贸易对区域创新的差异化促进作用,同时,本文还从政府支出增加和企业利润增长的视角进一步验证了其作用机制。

关键词：对外贸易城市创新门槛效应区域创新创新政策

Responses of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms to biochar and compost amendments of heavy metals-polluted soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第4期33卷 263-272页

作者： Mingyue Li jiachao zhang Xiao Yang Yaoyu Zhou Lihua zhang Yuan Yang Lin Luo Qingyun Yan College of Resources and Environment Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Environmental Microbiomics Research Center School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Korea Biochar Research Center O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute(OJERI)&Division of Environmental Science and Ecological EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

Heavy metal pollution affects soil ecological *** and compost can effectively remediate heavy metals and increase soil *** effects and mechanisms of biochar and compost amendments on soil nitrogen cycle function in heavy-metal contaminated soils are not fully *** study examined how biochar,compost,and their integrated use affected ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in heavy metal polluted *** PCR was used to determine the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)and bacteria(AOB).Ammonia monooxygenase(AMO)activity was evaluated by the enzymelinked immunosorbent *** showed that compost rather than biochar improved nitrogen conversion in ***,compost,or their integrated application significantly reduced the effective Zn and Cd *** compost obviously increased As and Cu effective speciation,bacterial 16 S rRNA abundance,and AMO ***,stimulated by compost addition,was significantly more abundant than AOA throughout *** analysis showed that AOB abundance positively correlated with NO_(3)^(-)-N(r=0.830,P<0.01),and that AMO activity had significant correlation with EC(r=-0.908,P<0.01)and water-soluble carbon(r=-0.868,P<0.01).Those seem to be the most vital factors affecting AOB community and their function in heavy metal-polluted soil remediated by biochar and compost.

关键词： Biochar Compost Heavy metal Ammonia-oxidizing community Ammonia monooxygenase activity

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木薯淀粉介导肠道菌群加剧小鼠肥胖症的机制

中国食品学报 2022年第2期22卷 160-168页

作者：汪媛媛常海波张增张家超海南大学食品科学与工程学院海口570228

肥胖症是体内脂肪过度积累而导致超重的一种慢性代谢疾病。木薯淀粉属于可消化淀粉,目前对其研究多集中于对结构的解析和体外功能评价方面。本研究基于小鼠肥胖模型,采用高通量测序技术研究造模肥胖小鼠摄入木薯淀粉后血液中总胆固醇(TC... 详细信息

肥胖症是体内脂肪过度积累而导致超重的一种慢性代谢疾病。木薯淀粉属于可消化淀粉,目前对其研究多集中于对结构的解析和体外功能评价方面。本研究基于小鼠肥胖模型,采用高通量测序技术研究造模肥胖小鼠摄入木薯淀粉后血液中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG),免疫指标免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)水平以及对小鼠肠道菌群结构的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,TG、IgA、IgG和IgM水平均显著升高,摄入木薯淀粉促进了能高效分解代谢碳水化合物的菌属,如双歧杆菌属和多尔氏菌属相对丰度的增加,同时也促进了致病菌的增殖,如梭状芽孢杆菌属。摄入木薯淀粉促使小鼠肠道微生物组成发生改变,同时丰富的碳水化合物也给机体提供了足够的能量来源,从而增加了能量的储存,导致小鼠更容易产生肥胖症状。

关键词：木薯淀粉肥胖症肠道微生物 16S rRNA

诺丽发酵汁介导肠道菌群缓解小鼠DSS结肠炎

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中国食品学报 2022年第8期22卷 118-126页

作者：曲泰齐张家超汪瑞敏刘四新任发政李从发海南大学食品科学与工程学院海口570228 中国农业大学营养与健康系北京100193

溃疡性结肠炎(UC)发病率在全球范围内不断上升,已成为严重的健康问题。诺丽果浆作为新食品原料含有丰富的活性物质,具有多种对人体有益的保健功能,如抗炎、抑菌和降血脂等。将小鼠分为3组,分别为空白组(C)、模型组(M)和诺丽发酵汁(FNJ)... 详细信息

溃疡性结肠炎(UC)发病率在全球范围内不断上升,已成为严重的健康问题。诺丽果浆作为新食品原料含有丰富的活性物质,具有多种对人体有益的保健功能,如抗炎、抑菌和降血脂等。将小鼠分为3组,分别为空白组(C)、模型组(M)和诺丽发酵汁(FNJ)饲养组(N)。M组和N组给予葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)灌胃以诱导结肠炎,1周后对N组小鼠进行FNJ灌胃,两周后处死并测量相关指标。结果表明:N组小鼠疾病活动指数明显降低,结肠组织病理学改变明显减少。同时,FNJ处理的小鼠血清促炎细胞因子降至对照组水平。与M组相比,FNJ能调控结肠炎小鼠肠道菌群组成,降低厚壁菌门的相对丰度,并增加拟杆菌门的相对丰度,提示FNJ能介导肠道菌群缓解小鼠DSS结肠炎,研究结果可为开发FNJ的营养功能和药用价值提供科学依据,为维持肠道稳态和缓解结肠炎提供新途径。

关键词：诺丽发酵汁肠道菌群结肠炎高通量测序

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胰尾部神经鞘瘤1例报告

临床肝胆病杂志 2022年第8期38卷 1878-1879页

作者：章家超唐荣张震生陈平平曾勇超海南省人民医院肝胆胰外科海口570100

神经鞘瘤是一种很常见的周围神经系统良性肿瘤,发病部位可遍及全身,但是多以头、颈等部位常见,发生于胰腺的神经鞘瘤较为罕见,并且术前诊断存在一定的困难,对手术方式的选择有着很大的干扰性。1病例资料患者男性,52岁,因“发现胰体尾部... 详细信息

神经鞘瘤是一种很常见的周围神经系统良性肿瘤,发病部位可遍及全身,但是多以头、颈等部位常见,发生于胰腺的神经鞘瘤较为罕见,并且术前诊断存在一定的困难,对手术方式的选择有着很大的干扰性。1病例资料患者男性,52岁,因“发现胰体尾部占位性病变2个月余”于2021年7月19日前来本院住院治疗;患者既往体健,否认高血压、糖尿病、心脏病等病史。

关键词：胰腺肿瘤神经鞘瘤外科手术

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