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中华医学杂志 2021年第31期101卷 2478-2484页

作者：陈家炜卢佳玥张嵘蔡加昌浙江大学医学院附属第二医院检验科杭州310009

目的分析1株碳青霉烯耐药肺炎克雷伯菌(CRKP)的耐药及毒力特征。方法将浙江大学医学院附属第二医院粪便中分离到的1株CRKP命名为肺炎克雷伯菌C35,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定抗菌药物的最低抑菌浓度;全基因组测序和基因组分析确定菌株所携... 详细信息

目的分析1株碳青霉烯耐药肺炎克雷伯菌(CRKP)的耐药及毒力特征。方法将浙江大学医学院附属第二医院粪便中分离到的1株CRKP命名为肺炎克雷伯菌C35,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定抗菌药物的最低抑菌浓度;全基因组测序和基因组分析确定菌株所携带耐药基因和毒力基因;核心基因组单核苷酸多态性(SNP)分型分析CRKP菌株之间的同源性关系;采用接合试验评估耐药基因的转移能力和效率;采用大蜡螟毒力实验测定菌株的毒力表型。结果肺炎克雷伯菌C35对大多数受试药物耐药,尤其碳青霉烯类、舒巴坦和多黏菌素。SNP分型显示肺炎克雷伯菌C35与多株分离自本院不同病房的CRKP菌株具有很高的同源性。该菌属于ST11型,携带包括blaKPC-2、blaCTX-M-199、mcr-1和tet(A)变异体等在内的13种耐药基因。blaKPC-2基因位于>69800 bp的IncFⅡ型质粒上,blaCTX-M-199和mcr-1基因共同位于>64800 bp的IncI2型质粒上,tet(A)变异体位于83628 bp的不可分型质粒上,3种质粒均为可接合性质粒。肺炎克雷伯菌C35还携带rmpA和rmpA2毒力基因以及气杆菌素(aerobactin)相关基因iucABCD,为典型的碳青霉烯耐药高毒力肺炎克雷伯菌(CR-hvKP)。该菌在大蜡螟感染模型中也显示了较强的毒力表型,感染肺炎克雷伯菌C35菌株48 h后大蜡螟幼虫存活率仅为16.7%,明显低于无毒力对照菌株的80.0%。结论本研究在1株肠道定植CR-hvKP中检测到多个可接合性耐药质粒,包括同时携带blaCTX-M-199和mcr-1基因的IncI2质粒,需引起警惕,并对此类菌株进行主动监测。

关键词：克雷伯菌,肺炎毒力多重耐药

Experimental and theoretical analysis of loading characteristics of electret filter media for charged particles

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 87-98页

作者： Yiqi cai Rongrong cai Lizhi Zhang Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation of Education Ministry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

The degradation of filtration performance in electret filter media during usage poses a significant challenge. Pre-charging of aerosols has been identified as an effective method to mitigate this issue. However, the effects of particle charging characteristics on the loading characteristics of electret filters still need a comprehensive understanding. In this study, a needle-cylinder corona charger was employed to pre-charge aerosols, and the particle charge state was determined by multiphysics simulation. The effects of particle charge polarity and charge quantity on the loading performance of the electret filter were quantitatively investigated. The results showed that the particle charge polarity had a negligible impact on the loading performance under the condition of the equivalent particle charge quantity. In addition, the charged particles effectively improved the efficiency degradation during the loading process of electret media, with higher charge quantities resulting in more pronounced improvements. The electrostatic attenuation factor showed a negative exponential correlation with the particle charge quantity. This was attributed to the uneven particle deposition on fiber surface due to the attraction of charged particles by the opposite charges on the electret fibers, which alleviated the effect of electrostatic shielding.

关键词： Electret filter Charged particles Loadingcharacteristic Corona charging Electrostatic screening

The attenuation of Th1 and Th17 responses via autophagy protects against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus-induced sepsis

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The attenuation of Th1 and Th17 responses via autophagy prot...

Shor's algorithm does not factor large integers in the presence of noise

第四届重症心脏全国学术大会暨第五届西湖重症医学大会、2019年浙江省重症医学学术大会（重症心脏-心与心外器官)

作者： Shufang Zhang Xiaofang Huang Huiqing Xiu Zhongheng Zhang Kai Zhang jiachang cai Zhijian cai Zhanghui Chen Zhaocai Zhang Wei Cui Gensheng Zhang Meixiang Xiang

Background:Whether autophagy affects methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)-induced sepsis and associated mechanisms are largely *** purpose of the study was to investigate the role of autophagy and the contribution of autophagy to T helper(Th) 1 and Th17 responses in MRSA-induced ***:MRSA-induced sepsis was established by intravenous injection of *** of microtubuleassociated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)-II/I,Beclin-1 and p62 after USA300 infection were examined by western blot and immunohistochemical *** burden,hematoxylin-eosin staining,and Kaplan-Meier analysis were performed to evaluate the effect of autophagy on MRSA-induced ***-γ(IFN-γ) and interleukin-17(IL-17) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and CD4+ T cells differentiation was assessed by flow cytometry to observe the contribution of autophagy on Th1 and Th17 polarization after USA300 ***:LC3-II/I and Beclin-1 were increased,while p62 were decreased after *** rates were decreased in LC3 B-/-and Beclin-1+/-groups(67% vs.25%;67% vs.33%,both P<0.01),accompanied with aggravated organ injuries and increased IFN-γ and IL-17 in the serum;whereas rapamycin alleviated organ damages,decreased IFN-γ and IL-17,and improved survival rate(67% vs.92%,P<0.01).However,there was no significant difference in bacterial *** cytometric analysis showed rapamycin treatment decreased the frequencies of Th1 and Th17 in the lymphocytes of spleen;whereas they were up-regulated in LC3 B-/-and Beclin-1+/-***:Autophagy plays a protective role in MRSA-induced sepsis,which may be partly associated with the alleviation of organ injuries via the down-regulation of Th1 and Th17 response.

关键词： Autophagy CD4+ T MRSA Sepsis Th1,Th17

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 305-320页

作者： Jin-Yi cai College of Letters and Science University of Wisconsin

We consider Shor's quantum factoring algorithm in the setting of noisy quantum gates. Under a generic model of random noise for(controlled) rotation gates, we prove that the algorithm does not factor integers of the form pq when the noise exceeds a vanishingly small level in terms of n—the number of bits of the integer to be factored, where p and q are from a well-defined set of primes of positive density. We further prove that with probability 1-o(1) over random prime pairs(p, q), Shor's factoring algorithm does not factor numbers of the form pq, with the same level of random noise present.

关键词： random noise Shor's algorithm rotation gates quantum computing prime factorization

Whittle’s Index Based Sensor Scheduling for Multiprocess Systems Under DoS Attacks

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第1期37卷 329-350页

作者： cai Zai DING Kemi Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Control Theory and Intelligent Systems Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China.

In this paper,the authors consider how to design defensive countermeasures against DoS attacks for remote state estimation of multiprocess *** each system,a sensor will measure its state and transmits the data packets through an unreliable channel which is vulnerable to be jammed by an *** limited communication bandwidth,only a subset of sensors are allowed for data transmission,and how to select the optimal one to maximize the accuracy of remote state estimation is the focus of the proposed *** authors first formulate this problem as a Markov decision process and investigate the existence of optimal ***,the authors demonstrate the piecewise monotonicity structure of optimal *** the difficulty of obtaining an optimal policy of large-scale problems,the authors develop a suboptimal heuristic policy based on the aforementioned policy structure and Whittle’s ***,a closed form of the indices is derived in order to reduce implementation complexity of proposed scheduling policy and numerical examples are provided to illustrate the proposed developed results.

关键词： DoS attacks Kalman filter remote state estimation Whittle’s index.

The attenuation of Th1 and Th17 responses via autophagy protects against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus-induced sepsis

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The attenuation of Th1 and Th17 responses via autophagy prot...

Polarized imaging dynamic light scattering for simultaneous measurement of nanoparticle size and morphology

2019年浙江省医学会医学微生物与免疫学分会学术大会

作者： Shufang Zhang Xiaofang Huang Huiqing Xiu Zhongheng Zhang Kai Zhang jiachang cai Zhijian cai Zhanghui Chen Zhaocai Zhang Wei Cui Gensheng Zhang Meixiang Xiang Department of Cardiology Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineCardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province Department of Critical Care Medicine Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine Sir Run-Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Institute of Immunology School of MedicineZhejiang University Clinical Research Center Zhanjiang Central HospitalGuangdong Medical university

Objective:Whether autophagy affects methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)-induced sepsis and associated mechanisms are largely *** purpose of the study was to investigate the role of autophagy and the contribution of autophagy to T helper(Th) 1 and Th17 responses in MRSA-induced ***:MRSA-induced sepsis model was established by intravenous injection of USA3000 in C57 BL/6 ***-related genes knockout(LC3 B and Beclin-1) mice and autophagy-enhanced agent rapamycin were *** levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)-Ⅱ/Ⅰ,Beclin-1 and p62 after USA300 infection were examined by western blot and immunohistochemical *** burden,hematoxylineosin staining,and Kaplan-Meier analysis were performed to evaluate the effect of autophagy on MRSA-induced *** addition,cytokine productions of interferon-γ(IFN-γ) and interleukin-17(IL-17) were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and CD4+T cells differentiation was assessed by flow cytometry to observe the contribution of autophagy on Thl and Th17 polarization after USA3000 ***:Compared with baseline level,LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ levels were increased at 3 h,peaked at 6 h,and declined at 12 h after USA300 infection in lung,liver,kidney,and peripheral blood mononuclear cells;Beclin-1 protein levels were also significantly increased,while p62 protein levels were significantly decreased at 6 h after ***,increased LC3-II aggregation in CD4+T cells was also observed at 6 h after *** with sepsis model group,survival rates were significantly decreased in LC3 B and Beclin-1 groups(67% vs.25%;67% vs.33%,both P<0.01),accompanied with aggravated organ injuries likes lung,liver,and kidney;whereas enhancing autophagy with rapamycin alleviated these organ damages,and improved survival rate(67% vs.92%,P<0.01).However,LC3-II and Beclin-1 knockout or enhancing autophagy by rapamycin had no significant effects on bacterial burden

关键词： Autophagy CD4+T Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sepsis Th1,Th17

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 213-223页

作者： Bingyao Wang Tianyi cai Xiaoshu cai Wu Zhou Zeqi Liu Schoolof Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering Shanghai200093China Jiaxing MeaParTech Instrument Technology Co. LtdZhejiang314000China

The performance of nanoparticles is often affected by particle size and ***,electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy is typically utilized to determine the size and morphology of ***,there are issues such as difficult sample preparation,long processing times,and challenges in quantitative ***,it is of great significance to develop a fast,accu-rate,and statistical method to measure the size and morphology of *** this study,a new method,called polarized imaging dynamic light scattering(PIDLS),is *** nanoparticles are irradiated with a vertical linearly polarized laser beam,and a polarization camera collected the dynamic light scattering images of particles at four different polarization directions(0°,45°,90°,and 135°)at a scattering angle of 90°.The average particle size and distribution are obtained using the imaging dy-namic light scattering method at 0°polarization direction,and the morphology of the particles is ob-tained based on the depolarization patterns of the scattered *** optical sphericityΦis defined based on the degree of linear polarization(DoLP).It is also implemented for the quantitative evaluation of the sphericity of the nanoparticles,including spherical,octahedral,nanoplate,nanorod,and linear *** with the Poincarésphere parameterψ,the morphology of the nanoparticles can be roughly *** addition,PIDLS enables the measurement of particle size and morphology distributions simultaneously for evaluating the uniformity of *** effectiveness of PIDLS is verified by the measurement of five kinds of industrial titanium dioxide as well.

关键词： Imaging dynamic light scattering Polarized light scattering Non-spherical nanoparticles Morphology Online measurement

An ultra-porous g-C_(3)N_(4) micro-tube coupled with MXene(Ti_(3)C_(2)TX)nanosheets for efficient degradation of organics under natural sunlight

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 258-270页

作者： Zongyang Ya Qiyou Wang Jingjin cai Peng Wang Xinyu Jiang Zhiyin cai Shanglin Xiang Tingwei Wang Dongyu cai College of Materials Science&Engineering Nanjing Tech University30 South PuZhu RoadNanjing 211816China Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE)&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)Nanjing Tech University30 South PuZhu RoadNanjing 211816China

It remains as a challenge for realizing efficient photo-responsive catalysts towards largescale degradation of organic pollutants under natural *** work reports a new pore engineering strategy for creating ultra-porous g-C_(3)N_(4) micro-tubes with an unprecedentedly high specific surface area of 152.96 m^(2)/*** is mainly associated with releasing internal vapor pressure in the autoclave where the hydrothermal treatment of the urea/melamine mixture is *** by microscopic observation,porosity measurement and spectroscopic characterization,it is found that releasing the pressure at halfway of hydrothermal process is vital for forming exfoliated rod-like precursors and the de-aggregation of these rods presents substantial benefits on the production of mesopores on g-C_(3)N_(4) microtubes during the calcination of *** offers a large number of reactive sites required by photocatalytic *** these micro-tubes with Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) nanosheets via electrostatic interaction yields a 1D/2D heterojunction with a close interfacial *** addition of metallically conductive Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) nanosheets accelerates the separation between electrons and holes,and also enhances the light *** these merits of structural design lead to forming a group of highly efficient catalysts demonstrating an excellent photocatalytic degradation rate of k=0.0560 min^(-1)for RhB dyes under 100 mW/cm~2 visible light radiation that micks sunlight *** laboratory valuation is further supported by an outdoor test that shows a fast degradation rate of 0.0744 min^(-1)under natural sunlight.

关键词： Carbon nitride MXene Heterojunction Photocatalysis

Mathematical framework of nonlinear elastic waves propagating in pre-stressed media

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第10期45卷 1705-1716页

作者： Jiangcheng cai Mingxi DENG College of Aerospace Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Acoustic nonlinearity holds potential as a method for assessing material *** to the acoustoelastic effect,where the velocity of elastic waves is influenced by third-order elastic constants,the propagation of nonlinear acoustic waves in pre-stressed materials would be influenced by higher-order elastic *** this,there has been a notable absence of research exploring this ***,this paper aims to establish a theoretical framework for governing the propagation of nonlinear acoustic waves in pre-stressed *** delves into the impact of pre-stress on higher-order material parameters,and specifically examines the propagation of one-dimensional acoustic waves within the contexts of the uniaxial stress and the biaxial *** paper establishes a theoretical foundation for exploring the application of nonlinear ultrasonic techniques to measure pre-stress in materials.

关键词： acoustoelastic effect nonlinear elastic wave pre-stress medium higher-order elastic constant