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人人都有体面的工作:中国就业保障制度刍议

中国劳动 2022年第6期 5-16页

作者：贾根良贾诗玥中国人民大学经济学院北京100872 北京大学经济学院北京100871

“自然失业率”就像“自然文盲率”一样是一个不科学的概念,它漠视令人震惊的失业代价,建立就业保障制度完全可以做到“人人都有体面的工作”。近年来,作为经济改革的下一个重要的和常识性的思想,就业保障的思潮在西方国家悄然兴起。就... 详细信息

“自然失业率”就像“自然文盲率”一样是一个不科学的概念,它漠视令人震惊的失业代价,建立就业保障制度完全可以做到“人人都有体面的工作”。近年来,作为经济改革的下一个重要的和常识性的思想,就业保障的思潮在西方国家悄然兴起。就业保障制度是一种新兴的宏观经济管理框架,它使用具有明显社会经济优势的“就业缓冲储备”替代了“自然失业率”的政策框架。本文扼要论述了就业保障的四大制度性功能:宏观经济的自动稳定器、就业安全网、预防性制度和共同富裕的推进器,讨论了就业保障计划的管理、已有实践和工作岗位等具体问题。就业保障计划可以构建为就业优先战略的两大支柱之一,实现“精准就业”的政策目标,本文建议进行就业保障计划的试点工作,并将其视为“健全就业公共服务体系”的重要尝试。就业保障计划对于提高经济增长率、缩小收入差距和有力地打开“国内大循环”的新局面具有十分重要的政治和战略意义。

关键词：就业保障就业安全网就业公共服务体系就业优先战略自然失业率

Multiple Tin Compounds Modified Carbon Fibers to Construct Heterogeneous Interfaces for Corrosion Prevention and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 507-527页

作者： Zhiqiang Guo Di Lan Zirui jia Zhenguo Gao Xuetao shi Mukun He Hua Guo Guanglei Wu Pengfei Yin College of Science Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYa’an 625014People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan 442002People’s Republic of China Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment State Key Laboratory of Bio‑Fibers and Eco‑TextilesCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071People’s Republic of China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710072People’s Republic of China

Currently,the demand for electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials with specific functions and capable of withstanding harsh environments is becoming increasingly ***-component interface engineering is considered an effective means to achieve high-efficiency EMW ***,interface modulation engineering has not been fully discussed and has great potential in the field of EMW *** this study,multi-component tin compound fiber composites based on carbon fiber(CF)substrate were prepared by electrospinning,hydrothermal synthesis,and high-temperature thermal *** utilizing the different properties of different substances,rich heterogeneous interfaces are *** effectively promotes charge transfer and enhances interfacial polarization and conduction *** prepared SnS/SnS_(2)/SnO_(2)/CF composites with abundant heterogeneous interfaces have and exhibit excellent EMW absorption properties at a loading of 50 wt%in epoxy *** minimum reflection loss(RL)is−46.74 dB and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth is 5.28 ***,SnS/SnS_(2)/SnO_(2)/CF epoxy composite coatings exhibited long-term corrosion resistance on Q235 steel ***,this study provides an effective strategy for the design of high-efficiency EMW absorbing materials in complex and harsh environments.

关键词： Electrostatic spinning Component regulation Heterogeneous interfaces Electromagnetic wave absorption Corrosion protection

Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome attenuates spiral ganglion neuron degeneration in aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 3025-3039页

作者： jia Fang Zhuangzhuang Li Pengjun Wang Xiaoxu Zhang Song Mao Yini Li Dongzhen Yu Xiaoyan Li Yazhi Xing Haibo shi Shankai Yin Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineOtolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered BreathingShanghaiChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Children’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Aminoglycosides are a widely used class of antibacterials renowned for their effectiveness and broad antimicrobial ***,their use leads to irreversible hearing damage by causing apoptosis of hair cells as their direct *** addition,the hearing damage caused by aminoglycosides involves damage of spiral ganglion neurons upon *** investigate the mechanisms underlying spiral ganglion neuron degeneration induced by aminoglycosides,we used a C57BL/6J mouse model treated with *** found that the mice exhibited auditory deficits following the acute loss of outer hair *** ganglion neurons displayed hallmarks of pyroptosis and exhibited progressive degeneration over *** profiling of these neurons showed significant upregulation of genes associated with inflammation and immune response,particularly those related to the NLRP3 *** of the canonical pyroptotic pathway in spiral ganglion neurons was observed,accompanied by infiltration of macrophages and the release of proinflammatory *** intervention targeting NLRP3 using Mcc950 and genetic intervention using NLRP3 knockout ameliorated spiral ganglion neuron degeneration in the injury *** findings suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis plays a role in aminoglycoside-induced spiral ganglion neuron *** of this pathway may offer a potential therapeutic strategy for treating sensorineural hearing loss by reducing spiral ganglion neuron degeneration.

关键词： degeneration hearing loss macrophages Mcc950 neuroinflammation NLRP3 inflammasome ototoxicity pyroptosis sensorineural hearing loss spiral ganglion neuron

Prediction and optimization of flue pressure in sintering process based on SHAP

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 346-359页

作者： Mingyu Wang Jue Tang Mansheng Chu Quan shi Zhen Zhang School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Liaoning Low-Carbon Steelmaking Technology Engineering Research Center Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Engineering Research Center of Frontier Technologies for Low-Carbon Steelmaking(Ministry of Education) Shenyang 110819China

Sinter is the core raw material for blast *** pressure,which is an important state parameter,affects sinter *** this paper,flue pressure prediction and optimization were studied based on the shapley additive explanation(SHAP)to predict the flue pressure and take targeted adjustment ***,the sintering process data were collected and processed.A flue pressure prediction model was then constructed after comparing different feature selection methods and model algorithms using SHAP+extremely random-ized trees(ET).The prediction accuracy of the model within the error range of±0.25 kPa was 92.63%.SHAP analysis was employed to improve the interpretability of the prediction *** effects of various sintering operation parameters on flue pressure,the relation-ship between the numerical range of key operation parameters and flue pressure,the effect of operation parameter combinations on flue pressure,and the prediction process of the flue pressure prediction model on a single sample were analyzed.A flue pressure optimization module was also constructed and analyzed when the prediction satisfied the judgment *** operating parameter combination was then *** flue pressure was increased by 5.87%during the verification process,achieving a good optimization effect.

关键词： sintering process flue pressure shapley additive explanation prediction optimization

CFCS:A Robust and Efficient Collaboration Framework for Automatic Modulation Recognition

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2023年第3期8卷 283-294页

作者： jian shi Xiaohui Yang jia Ma Guangxue yue Key Laboratory of Medical Electronics and Digital Health of Zhejiang Province Jiaxing 314001China School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Research Center of Cyber Science and Technology Hangzhou Innovation InstituteBeihang UniversityHangzhou 311228China College of Information Science and Engineering Jiaxing UniversityJiaxing 314001China

Most of the existing automatic modulation recognition(AMR)studies focus on optimizing the network structure to improve performance,without fully considering cooperation among the basic networks to play their respective *** this paper,we propose a robust and efficient collaboration framework based on the combination scheme(CFCS).This scheme effectively explores the spatial and temporal characteristics of complex signals by associating the advantages of convolutional neural network(CNN)and long and short-term memory(LSTM)*** addition,the robustness of the CFCS is verified by transfer *** demonstrate that the recognition rate of CFCS for highorder modulation signals such as 64QAM,128QAM,and 256QAM is more than 90%at high signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs),and 24 modulation types are effectively ***,CFCS was transferred from RML2018.01a to RML2016.10b using transfer learning,which can still be deployed efficiently while reducing the training time by 20%.The CFCS has strong generalization ability and excellent recognition performance.

关键词： AMR CNN LSTM combination scheme transfer learning

miRNA-21-5p is an important contributor to the promotion of injured peripheral nerve regeneration using hypoxia-pretreated bone marrow-derived neural crest cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 277-290页

作者： Meng Cong Jing-Jing Hu Yan Yu Xiao-Li Li Xiao-Ting Sun Li-Ting Wang Xia Wu Ling-Jie Zhu Xiao-jia Yang Qian-Ru He Fei Ding Hai-Yan shi School of Medicine Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Coinnovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Physiology Jiangsu Health Vocational CollegeNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Our previous study found that rat bone marrow–derived neural crest cells(acting as Schwann cell progenitors)have the potential to promote long-distance nerve ***-based therapy can enhance peripheral nerve repair and regeneration through paracrine bioactive factors and intercellular ***,the complex contributions of various types of soluble cytokines and extracellular vesicle cargos to the secretome remain *** investigate the role of the secretome and extracellular vesicles in repairing damaged peripheral nerves,we collected conditioned culture medium from hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cells,and found that it significantly promoted the repair of sensory neurons damaged by oxygen-glucose *** mRNA expression of trophic factors was highly expressed in hypoxia-pretreated neural crest *** performed RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis and found that miR-21-5p was enriched in hypoxia-pretreated extracellular vesicles of neural crest ***,to further clarify the role of hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles rich in miR-21-5p in axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons,we used a microfluidic axonal dissociation model of sensory neurons in vitro,and found that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles promoted axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons,which was greatly dependent on loaded ***,we constructed a miR-21-5p-loaded neural conduit to repair the sciatic nerve defect in rats and found that the motor and sensory functions of injured rat hind limb,as well as muscle tissue morphology of the hind limbs,were obviously *** findings suggest that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest extracellular vesicles are natural nanoparticles rich in ***-21-5p is one of the main contributors to promoting nerve regeneration by the neural crest cell *** helps to explain the mechanism of action of the secretome and e

关键词： axotomy cell-free therapy conditioned medium extracellular vesicles hypoxic preconditioning microRNA oxygen-glucose deprivation peripheral nerve injury Schwann cell precursors

The pivotal role of microglia in injury and the prognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1829-1848页

作者： Wenjing Ning shi Lv Qian Wang Yuzhen Xu Department of Rehabilitation The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTaianShandong ProvinceChina Department of Central Laboratory The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao UniversityTaianShandong ProvinceChina

Subarachnoid hemorrhage leads to a series of pathological changes,including vascular spasm,cellular apoptosis,blood–brain barrier damage,cerebral edema,and white matter ***,which are the key immune cells in the central nervous system,maintain homeostasis in the neural environment,support neurons,mediate apoptosis,participate in immune regulation,and have neuroprotective *** evidence has shown that microglia play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage and affect the process of injury and the prognosis of subarachnoid ***,microglia play certain neuroprotective roles in the recovery phase of subarachnoid *** approaches aimed at modulating microglia function are believed to attenuate subarachnoid hemorrhage *** provides new targets and ideas for the treatment of subarachnoid ***,an in-depth and comprehensive summary of the role of microglia after subarachnoid hemorrhage is still *** review describes the activation of microglia after subarachnoid hemorrhage and their roles in the pathological processes of vasospasm,neuroinflammation,neuronal apoptosis,blood–brain barrier disruption,cerebral edema,and cerebral white matter *** also discusses the neuroprotective roles of microglia during recovery from subarachnoid hemorrhage and therapeutic advances aimed at modulating microglial function after subarachnoid ***,microglia in subarachnoid hemorrhage are targeted with TLR inhibitors,nuclear factor-κB and STAT3 pathway inhibitors,glycine/tyrosine kinases,NLRP3 signaling pathway inhibitors,Gasdermin D inhibitors,vincristine receptorαreceptor agonists,ferroptosis inhibitors,genetic modification techniques,stem cell therapies,and traditional Chinese ***,most of these are still being evaluated at the laboratory *** clinical studies and data on subarachnoid hemorrhage are required to improve the treatment of subarachnoid hemor

关键词： apoptosis blood–brain barrier brain edema microglia neuroinflammation neuron neuroprotection subarachnoid hemorrhage vasoconstriction white matter injury

基于移动互联网及物联网技术的居民用电智能化的设计与应用

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电子设计工程 2017年第9期25卷 157-161页

作者：刘金华李琳刘建宇贾诗乐国网天津市电力公司滨海供电分公司天津300450 北京国电通网络技术有限公司北京100070

近年来,物联网,移动互联网等各种概念的提出和广泛应用,改变了人们的工作和生活习惯。将移动互联网和物联网应用到居民用电领域,将有着重要意义。所以为了能使用户随时随地管理用电情况,提高用电管理效率,扩大用电服务网络。对智能用电... 详细信息

近年来,物联网,移动互联网等各种概念的提出和广泛应用,改变了人们的工作和生活习惯。将移动互联网和物联网应用到居民用电领域,将有着重要意义。所以为了能使用户随时随地管理用电情况,提高用电管理效率,扩大用电服务网络。对智能用电服务理念进行创新,促进用电互动。文中将网络化和用电信息采集系统有机融合为目标,以移动网络技术应用于智能用电服务体系为主线,对相关问题进行研究,完成基于移动互联网和物联网的用电智能化设计。

关键词：物联网移动互联网用电智能化

Forming and growing mechanisms of homogenization-solution pores in a single crystal superalloy

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Rare Metals 2018年第5期37卷 399-406页

作者： Xiao-Dai yue jia-Rong Li Xiao-Guang Wang Zhen-Xue shi Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials

The forming and growing mechanisms of homogenization-solution pores in a single crystal superalloy were investigated. The microstructures were observed with optical microscope （OM） and field emission microscope （FEM） after homogenization-solution heat treated at 1328℃ and 1350 ℃ for 2 h, 6 h and 9 h. Results indicate that when heat treated at 1328 ℃, pores appear at the interface of eutectic and matrix at first and then leave in the matrix with the shrink of eutectic. When heat treated at 1350 ℃, incipient melting happens at first, and some of them have a pore in the center. After that, with the homogenization-solution process, incipient melting microstructure fades away gradually. By analyzing the results with thermodynamics and kinetics methods, it is concluded that some pores nucleate during directional solidification and then become larger and visible during homogenization-solution heat treatments; some pores are generated by incipient melting, yet such pores are difficult to be distinguished from other pores; imbalanced elements cross-diffusion induces to the forming and growing of pores too, and such imbalanced diffusion also plays an important part on the growth of all preexisting pores.

关键词： Single crystal superalloy Pore Homogenization Solution Heat treatment Incipient melting