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Decontamination of Cr(Ⅵ) from water using sewage sludge-derived biochar: Role of environmentally persistent free radicals

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第4期56卷 97-103页

作者： Yuhan zhu jia Wei Jun Li Faculty of Architecture Civil and Transportation EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Biochar is a well-known material for pollutant removal owing to its low cost and rich surface functionality. A kind of highly active substance, called environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs), can be produced in the preparation process of biochar, playing an important role in the removal of *** this study, sludge-derived biochars(SBC_(120) and SBC_(270)) were prepared by the hydrothermal carbonization under two temperatures(120℃ and 270℃) to investigate their removal abilities of Cr(Ⅵ). The maximum removal amounts of Cr(Ⅵ) by SBC_(120) and SBC_(270) were 16.58 and 22.93 mg·g^(-1), respectively. It was further revealed that the appearance of Cr(Ⅲ), as a result of EPFRs on sludge-derived biochar(SBC) transferred electrons to Cr(Ⅵ) in neutral solutions. That is to say, oxygen-centered(O-centered) EPFRs on SBC_(120) and carbon-centered(C-centered) EPFRs on SBC_(270) all could be used as electron donors to Cr(Ⅵ) to make it become Cr(Ⅲ). This study not only provides a theoretical basis for the mechanism of pollutants removal by sludge-derived biochar but also offers a new perspective on the direct effect of EPFRs on pollutants.

关键词： Sludge-derived biochar Environmentally persistent free radicals Chromium Removal Reduction

Low-dimensional metal halide perovskites and related optoelectronic applications

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InfoMat 2020年第2期2卷 341-378页

作者： Pengchen zhu jia zhu National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional MaterialsCollege of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina

Low-dimensional materials have pivotal significance in modern photonic,electronic,and optoelectronic areas due to their unique properties of the scale *** halide perovskites have revived in the optoelectronic fields recently,drawing intensive attention in photovoltaic devices,light-emitting diodes,lasers,photodetectors,and so *** to their three-dimensional counterparts,the role of low-dimensional perovskites is becoming crucial,requiring a comprehensive understanding and exploration *** this review,we examine low-dimensional perovskite of different forms and clarify various synthesis methods with morphological and dimensional ***,we also summarize potential optoelectronic applications based on their advantageous optical/electrical properties and enhanced mechanical integrity and ***,we propose a future perspective and possible developing directions in the exploration of novel perovskite-derived materials,new physics,and promising applications.

关键词： applications low-dimension metal halide perovskites synthesis

Solitary wave for a nonintegrable discrete nonlinear Schr?dinger equation in nonlinear optical waveguide arrays

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第3期27卷 108-119页

作者： Li-Yuan Ma jia-Liang ji Zong-Wei Xu Zuo-Nong zhu Department of Applied Mathematics Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China School of Mathematics Physics and StatisticsShanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201620China School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

We study a nonintegrable discrete nonlinear SchriSdinger （dNLS） equation with the term of nonlinear nearest-neighbor interaction occurred in nonlinear optical waveguide arrays. By using discrete Fourier transformation, we obtain numerical approximations of stationary and travelling solitary wave solutions of the nonintegrable dNLS equation. The analysis of stability of stationary solitary waves is performed. It is shown that the nonlinear nearest-neighbor interaction term has great influence on the form of solitary wave. The shape of solitary wave is important in the electric field propagating. If we neglect the nonlinear nearest-neighbor interaction term, much important information in the electric field propagating may be missed. Our numerical simulation also demonstrates the difference of chaos phenomenon between the nonintegrable dNLS equation with nonlinear nearest-neighbor interaction and another nonintegrable dNLS equation without the term.

关键词： nonintegrable dNLS equation solitary waves chaos nonlinear nearest-neighbor interaction

Deep learning‐based action recognition with 3D skeleton: A survey

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2021年第1期6卷 80-92页

作者： Yuling Xing jia zhu South China Normal University GuangzhouChina

Action recognition based on 3D skeleton data has attracted much attention due to its wide application,and it is one of the most popular research topics in computer *** 3D skeleton data is an effective representation of motion dynamics and is not easily affected by light,scene variation,*** research on action recognition has mainly focused on video or RGB data *** recent years,the advantages of combining skeleton data and deep learning have been gradually demonstrated,many impressive methods have been proposed,especially GCN‐based *** this survey,we first introduce the development process of 3D skeleton‐data action recognition and the classification of graph convolutional network,then introduce the commonly used NTU RGB+D and NTU RGB+D 120 ***,a detailed review of existing variants of three mainstream technologies is provided based on deep learning and their perfor-mance was compared from three *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first research to integrate the research of GCN‐based method and its various evolutionary *** investigation of existing variants of research in action‐recognition task from different perspectives is made,a generic framework is described,state‐of‐theart practices are summarized,and the emerging trends of this topic are explored.

关键词： Deep skeleton action

De Casteljau Algorithm and Degree Elevation of Toric Surface Patches

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2021年第1期34卷 21-46页

作者： LI jinggai ji Ye zhu Chungang School of Mathematical Sciences Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024 Key Laboratory for Computational Mathematics and Data Intelligence of Liaoning Province Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

De Casteljau algorithm and degree elevation of Bézier and NURBS curves/surfaces are two important techniques in computer aided geometric design. This paper presents the de Casteljau algorithm and degree elevation of toric surface patches, which include tensor product and triangular rational Bézier surfaces as special cases. Some representative examples of toric surface patches with common shapes are illustrated to verify these two algorithms. Moreover, the authors also apply the degree elevation of toric surface patches to isogeometric analysis. And two more examples show the effectiveness of proposed method.

关键词： De Casteljau algorithm degree elevation depth elevation isogeometric analysis toric surface patches

Positive and negative shear lag behaviors of composite twin-girder decks with varying cross-section

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2017年第1期60卷 116-132页

作者： zhu Li NIE jianGuo ji WenYu Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Safety and Durability of China Education Ministry Department of Civil Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

In steel-concrete composite twin-girder decks, wide concrete slab would undergo significant shear lag warping effect, including positive and negative. Some researchers have investigated the positive shear lag of composite decks by means of one-dimensional line model, while the studies on the negative shear lag have not yet been reported until now. In this study, a new one-dimensional analytical model of composite twin-girder decks is first proposed based on the model proposed by Dezi et al. Besides slab shear lag effect and partial connection at slab-girder interface which have been included in the model of Dezi et al., the particularity of the proposed model relies on its ability to account for variation characteristic of cross-section. Verification of the analytical model is later conducted through comparison of results from the analytical analysis and elaborate FE analysis for a simply supported composite deck with increasing depth and a two-span continuous one with decreasing depth. Finally, three kinds of structural forms of composite twin-girder decks, including cantilever, simply supported and continuous decks, are selected to carry out the analysis of positive and negative shear lag behaviors by means of the analytical model. The influences of cross-sectional variation characteristic and load type on positive and negative shear lag behaviors are mainly investigated. Additionally, a new definition on effective width for considering simultaneously positive and negative shear lag behaviors is proposed. The results from the proposed analytical model and EC4 specification are compared to provide suggestions for designers and checkers. In this study, the proposed analytical model can provide a powerful numerical tool for researchers to conduct the further investigation, and the analysis on shear lag and effective width can assist in design analysis of composite twin-girder decks.

关键词： steel-concrete composite twin-girder deck analytical model variation of cross-section positive and negative shear lagbehavior effective width

Long-term effects of electrochemical realkalization on carbonated concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 127-137页

作者： Peng zhu ji ZHANG Wenjun QU College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of Performance Evolution and Control for Engineering Structures Shanghai 200092China

The long-term effects of electrochemical realkalization on carbonated reinforced concrete with a W/C ratio of 0.65 were *** out of 16 carbonated specimens had been subjected to realkalization seven years ago,and the alkalinity of the concrete,the electrochemical characters(corrosion current density and potential)of the specimens and the corrosion conditions of the steel bars were *** of different specimens and also at different time(4,10,13 months and 7 years after realkalization)were *** to the phenolphthalein and pH meter test,the alkalinity of the concrete had disappeared after seven *** on the potentiodynamic polarization test,various corrosion conditions had developed on the steel bars,which was verified by visual *** bars were in the depassivated state,and their corrosion current densities increased significantly after seven *** developed in some of the specimens,and the diverse compactness of concrete and excessive current of realkalization were considered to be possible *** effects of the realkalization treatment vanished after seven years.

关键词： realkalization concrete carbonation polarization curve corrosion

In-situ TEM investigation on the evolution of He bubbles and dislocation loops in Ni-based alloy irradiated by H_(2)^(+)&He^(+)dual-beam ions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第7期138卷 36-49页

作者： Zhenbo zhu Weichi ji Hefei Huang Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The synergistic evolution mechanisms of He bubbles and dislocation loops under 30 keV H_(2)^(+)&He^(+)dual-beam ions irradiation at 650℃ in the Ni-based alloy GH3535,which is the most promising candidate structure material for molten salt reactors(MSRs),were revealed via in-situ *** nucleation,merg-ing,and change in the size of the dislocation loops and He bubbles were characterized in detail to study the influences of irradiation fluence and pre-existing dislocation loops on their *** number density of both the He bubbles and dislocation loops increases rapidly and subsequently saturates,whereas their size continuously increases with the increasing ion ***-existing dislocation loops with strong absorption characteristics grow preferentially and suppress the nucleation of dislocation loops during the dual-beam ions ***,the bubbles tend to nucleate within the dislocation loops to form bubble-loop complexes,and then decrease in their number *** details of the un-faulting processes of the Frank loops were discussed,where the energy difference between the two types of loops as well as the evolution of the inside Shockley dislocation loops dominates the unfaulting *** several evolution stages of the loop-punching mechanism are revealed,and the emitted loops can directly form perfect loops as well as unfault the neighboring Frank *** He bubbles inside the loops provide corresponding stress for the formation of rhombic loops,which can achieve rapid growth and sweep ability by merging with the neighboring ***,its dissociation to Shockley dis-location can unfault the Frank loops along their slip *** the four Frank loop variations,the edge-on Frank loop variations have the highest growth rate,followed by the perfect *** related mechanisms based on in-situ experimental observation are discussed in depth.

关键词： In-situ TEM observation Ni-based alloy Dislocation loop Punching loop Bubble-loop complex

Some Analytical Properties of the Model for Stochastic Evolutionary Games in Finite Populations with Non-uniform Interaction Rate

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2013年第7期60卷 37-47页

作者： QUAN ji WANG Xian-jia GuangDong Electric Power Design Institute China Energy Engineering Group Co. Ltd Guangzhou 510663 China Department of Management and Economics Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Institute of Systems Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China School of Economics and Management Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China

Traditional evolutionary games assume uniform interaction rate, which means that the rate at which individuals meet and interact is independent of their strategies. But in some systems, especially biological systems, the players interact with each other discriminately. Taylor and Nowak (2006) were the first to establish the corresponding non-uniform interaction rate model by allowing the interaction rates to depend on strategies. Their model is based on replicator dynamics which assumes an infinite size population. But in reality, the number of individuals in the population is always finite, and there will be some random interference in the individuals' strategy selection process. Therefore, it is more practical to establish the corresponding stochastic evolutionary model in finite populations. In fact, the analysis of evolutionary games in a finite size population is more difficult. Just as Taylor and Nowak said in the outlook section of their paper, 'The analysis of non-uniform interaction rates should be extended to stochastic game dynamics of finite populations.' In this paper, we are exactly doing this work. We extend Taylor and Nowak's model from infinite to finite case, especially focusing on the influence of non-uniform connection characteristics on the evolutionary stable state of the system. We model the strategy evolutionary process of the population by a continuous ergodic Markov process. Based on the limit distribution of the process, we can give the evolutionary stable state of the system. We make a complete classification of the symmetric 2×2 games. For each case game, the corresponding limit distribution of the Markov-based process is given when noise intensity is small enough. In contrast with most literatures in evolutionary games using the simulation method, all our results obtained are analytical. Especially, in the dominant-case game, coexistence of the two strategies may become evolutionary stable states in our model. This result can be used to

关键词： stochastic evolutionary games non-uniform interaction rate finite population evolutionary stablestate