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Research on Object Detection and Combination Clustering for Railway Switch Machine Gap Detection

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2025年第1期34卷 186-203页

作者： Qingsheng feng Shuai Xiao Wangyang liu Hong Li School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Dalian Jiaotong University School of Software Dalian Jiaotong University

Turnouts and switch machines play a crucial role in facilitating train line operations and establishing routes, making them vital for ensuring the safety and efficiency of railway transportation. Through the gap detection system of switch machines, the real-time working status of turnouts and switch machines on railway sites can be quickly known. However, due to the challenging working environment and demanding conversion tasks of switch machines, the current gap detection system has often experienced the issues of fault detection. To address this, this study proposes an automatic gap detection method for railway switch machines based on object detection and combination clustering. Firstly, a lightweight object detection network, specifically the MobileNetV3-YOLOv5s model, is used to accurately locate and extract the focal area. Subsequently, the extracted image undergoes preprocessing and is then fed into a combination clustering algorithm to achieve precise segmentation of the gap area and background,the algorithm consists of simple linear iterative clustering, Canopy and kernel fuzzy c-means clustering. Finally, the Fisher optimal segmentation criterion is utilized to divide the data sequence of pixel values, determine the classification nodes and calculate the gap size. The experimental results obtained from switch machine gap images captured in various scenes demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of accurately locating focal areas, efficiently completing gap image segmentation with a segmentation accuracy of 93.55%, and swiftly calculating the gap size with a correct rate of 98.57%. Notably, the method achieves precise detection of gap sizes even after slight deflection of the acquisition camera, aligning it more closely with the actual conditions encountered on railway sites.

关键词： Image segmentation Accuracy Clustering algorithms Transportation Switches Object detection Cameras Rail transportation Classification algorithms Safety

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Confined metal-acid units for boosting benzene hydroalkylation via efficient activation of key intermediate

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 193-205页

作者： jianpeng Li Kaihang Sun Jinyu Huang Yongheng jia Shufang Zhao Young Dok Kim Li Han Baojun Li Jie feng Zhongyi liu Zhikun Peng College of Chemistry Henan Institutes of Advanced TechnologyCollege of Ecology and EnvironmentState Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Resources Green ExploitationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Department of Chemistry Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Precisely *** micro-nanoscale characteristics and synergistic effect of metal-acid sites to regulate the distribution of hydroconversion products are significant but *** protonated carbocation intermediates triggered by tandem reaction on metal-acid region hinder target product formation due to their high reactivity and *** M/Zeolite hydroconversion catalysts,which often excel in simple synthesis,ease of separation and ***,they usually consist of sterically unconstrained metal centers which are isolated from acid sites,only providing limited coupling-selectivity to target ***,metal nanoparticles enveloped in acidic zeolite frameworks were developed and used for investigating the process of hydroalkylation of benzene to *** show that appropriate metal encapsulation comprising adequate efficient metal-acid units successfully avoids the more thermodynamically favorable hydrogenation of cyclohexene to cyclohexane,but steers to alkylation of cyclohexene with benzene to *** resulted in the highest cyclohexylbenzene yield of 47.7%among the reported work,and surpassed the performance of all supported M/Zeolite *** and theoretical results supported that the abundant bifunctional metal-acid units enhance the activation frequency and probability of intermediate *** work might provide insights for the integration strategy of dual active site and guidance for the construction of efficient"metal-acid balance"in tandem reactions.

关键词： tandem reaction benzene hydroalkylation metal-acid balance metal encapsulation intermediate transformation

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Construction Monitoring and Analysis of Asymmetric Prestressed Concrete Bridge Crossing Multiple-Line Railways

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第2期19卷 385-398页

作者： Yi Wang Bing Wang Changwen Li feng Zheng Yong liu Shaohua He Guangzhou Railway Investment Construction Group Co. Ltd.Guangzhou510000China China Railway Third Bureau Group Co. LtdTaiyuan030024China School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006China

Complex bridge structures designed and constructed by humans often necessitate extensive on-site execution,which carries inherent ***,a variety of engineering practices are employed to monitor bridge *** paper presents a case study of a large-span prestressed concrete(PC)variable-section continuous girder bridge in China,proposing a feedback system for construction monitoring and establishing a finite element(FE)analysis model for the entire *** alignment of the completed bridge adheres to the initial design expectations,with maximum displacement and pre-arch differences from the ideal state measuring 6.39 and 17.7 mm,respectively,which were less than the 20 mm limit required by the ***,the stress monitoring showed that the maximum compressive stress was 10.44 MPa,which was 7.5%different from the finite element results,and better predicted the most unfavorable possible *** results demonstrate that a scientifically rigorous construction monitoring and feedback system can ensure the safety of bridge construction and meet the expected construction *** findings presented in this paper provide valuable insights for bridge construction monitoring practices.

关键词： Continuous girder bridge construction monitoring bridge alignment stress monitoring

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Pharmacological Mechanism of Chinese Medicine in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus:A Narrative Review

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2025年第2期31卷 157-169页

作者： ZHU Bo-yu liu Zhi-chao ZHAO Zhen-xi HUANG Hui-ping ZHANG Na XIA jia CHEN Wei-wei Department of Rheumatology Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai(200071)China

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a chronic autoimmune disorder affecting multiple systems,characterized by the development of harmful autoantibodies and immune complexes that lead to damage in organs and *** medicine(CM)plays a role in mitigating complications,enhancing treatment effectiveness,and reducing toxicity of concurrent medications,and ensuring a safe ***,CM mainly solves the disease comprehensively through multi-target and multi-channel regulation process,therefore,its treatment mechanism is often complicated,involving many molecular *** review introduces the research progress of pathogenesis of SLE from the aspects of genetics,epigenetics,innate immunity and acquired immunity,and then discusses the molecular mechanism and target of single Chinese herbal medicine and prescription that are commonly used and effective in clinic to treat SLE.

关键词： systemic lupus erythematosus Chinese medicine natural extracts treatment review

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An Objective Synoptic Analysis Technique for the Identification of Tropical Cyclone Remote Precipitation in China and Its Application

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2025年第1期24卷 13-30页

作者： jia Li DING Chenchen CONG Chunhua REN Fumin liu Yanan School of Atmospheric Science Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Public Meteorological Service Center of CMA Shandong Meteorological Bureau Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms (LACS) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

At present, the identification of tropical cyclone remote precipitation(TRP) requires subjective participation, leading to inconsistent results among different researchers despite adopting the same identification standard. Thus, establishing an objective identification method is greatly important. In this study, an objective synoptic analysis technique for TRP(OSAT＿TRP) is proposed to identify TRP using daily precipitation datasets, historical tropical cyclone(TC) track data, and the ERA5 reanalysis data. This method includes three steps: first, independent rain belts are separated, and those that might relate to TCs' remote effects are distinguished according to their distance from the TCs. Second, the strong water vapor transport belt from the TC is identified using integrated horizontal water vapor transport(IVT). Third, TRP is distinguished by connecting the first two steps. The TRP obtained through this method can satisfy three criteria, as follows: 1) the precipitation occurs outside the circulation of TCs, 2) the precipitation is affected by TCs, and 3) a gap exists between the TRP and TC rain belt. Case diagnosis analysis, compared with subjective TRP results and backward trajectory analyses using HYSPLIT, indicates that OSAT＿TRP can distinguish TRP even when multiple TCs in the Northwest Pacific are involved. Then, we applied the OSAT＿TRP to select typical TRPs and obtained the synoptic-scale environments of the TRP through composite analysis.

关键词： objective identification method remote precipitation tropical cyclone

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Structuring MoO3-polyoxometalate hybrid superstructures to boost electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 239-243页

作者： Bowen Li Ting Wang Ming Xu Yuqi Wang Zhaoxing Li Mei liu Wenjing Zhang Ming feng Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education Jilin Normal University

Improving the surface atoms utilization efficiency of catalysts is extremely important for large-scale H2production by electrochemical water splitting,but it remains a great ***,we reported two kinds of Mo O3-polyoxometalate hybrid nanobelt superstructures (MoO3-POM HNSs,POM=PW12O40and Si W12O40) using a simple hydrothermal *** superstructure with highly uniform nanoparticles as building blocks can expose more surface atoms and emanate increased specific surface *** incorporated POMs generated abundant oxygen vacancies,improved the electronic mobility,and modulated the surface electronic structure of MoO3,allowing to optimize the H*adsorption/desorption and dehydrogenation kinetics of ***,the as-prepared MoO3-PW12O40HNSs electrodes not only displayed the low overpotentials of 108 mV at 10 mA/cm2current density in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4electrolyte but also displayed excellent long-term *** hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） performance of MoO3-POM superstructures is significantly better than that of corresponding bulk materials MoO3@PW12O40and Mo O3@Si W12O40,and the overpotentials are about 8.3 and 4.9 times lower than that of single Mo *** work opens an avenue for designing highly surface-exposed catalysts for electrocatalytic H2production and other electrochemical applications.

关键词： Electrocatalysis Hydrogen production Metal oxide Polyoxometalate Superstructure

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首件封样作业法

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标准科学 2010年第8期 66-67页

作者：贾刘丰中国北车股份有限公司机电产品事业部北京100078

文章提出了一种新的作业管理方法。此方法以首件加工的产品作为封样,确定批次产品的实物检验标准,以此规范操作者、质检员、工艺技术员、设备维修工、生产管理人员等生产过程诸影响因素的行为,以促进产品质量和工作质量的整体提升。

关键词：首件封样标准质量工资

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Establishment of goat mammary organoid cultures modeling the mammary gland development and lactation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 193-205页

作者： Lei jia Wenying Zhang Tao Luo Yongtao Li jianhong Shu Julie Strand Yuan Yue Stig Purup jianxin liu Hengbo Shi Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Cow Genetic Improvement&Milk Quality Research Institute of Dairy ScienceCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Life Sciences and Medicine Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Aarhus UniversityTjele DK‑8830Denmark Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Background Although several cell culture systems have been developed to investigate the function of the mam-mary gland in dairy livestock,they have potential limitations,such as the loss of alveolar structure or genetic and phe-notypic differences from their native *** these challenges is crucial for lactation *** of protocols to establish lactating organoid of livestock represents a promising goal for the *** this study,we developed a protocol to establish a culture system for mammary organoids in dairy goats to model the mammary gland development and lactation *** The organoids cultured within an extracellular matrix gel maintained a bilayer structure that closely resem-bled the native architecture of mammary *** expansion of mammary organoids was significantly promoted by growth factors containing epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2 whereas the proliferative index of the organoids was significantly inhibited by the treatment with WNT *** stimulation with a lactogenic medium containing prolactin,the mammary organoids exhibited efficient lactation,characterized by the accumu-lation of lipid droplets in the lumen *** lactation could be sustained for more than 3 ***,the expression patterns of genes related to fatty acid synthesis and milk proteins in lactating organoids closely mirrored those observed in mammary *** observations were confirmed by data from proteomic analysis that the bulk of milk proteins was produced in the lactating *** This study is the first to establish a mammary organoid culture system modeling the mammary gland development and lactation process in *** efficient induction of lactation in ruminant mammary organoids holds promises for advancing the field of cell-based milk bio-manufacture in the food industry.

关键词： Cell-based milk production Lactation Mammary gland Organoid

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Curcumin attenuates ochratoxin A and hypoxia co‑induced liver injury in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)by dual targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis via reducing ROS content

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 408-423页

作者： Liangqin Wu Piao Zhao Pei Wu Weidan jiang Yang liu Hongmei Ren Xiaowan Jin Xiaoqiu Zhou Lin feng Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition Ministry of EducationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengduSichuan 611130China

Background Ochratoxin A(OTA)is a toxin widely found in aquafeed ingredients,and hypoxia is a common prob-lem in fish *** practice,aquatic animals tend to be more sensitive to hypoxia while feeds are contaminated with OTA,but no studies exist in this *** research investigated the multiple biotoxicities of OTA and hypoxia combined on the liver of grass carp and explored the mitigating effect of curcumin(CUR).Methods A total of 720 healthy juvenile grass carp(11.06±0.05 g)were selected and assigned randomly to 4 experi-mental groups:control group(without OTA and CUR),1.2 mg/kg OTA group,400 mg/kg CUR group,and 1.2 mg/kg OTA+400 mg/kg CUR group with three replicates each for 60 ***,32 fish were selected,divided into nor-moxia(18 fish)and hypoxia(18 fish)groups,and subjected to hypoxia stress for 96 *** CUR can attenuate histopathological damage caused by coming to OTA and hypoxia by reducing vacu-olation and nuclear *** alleviation of this damage was associated with the attenuation of apoptosis in the mitochondrial pathway by decreasing the expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Caspase 3,8,9,Bax,and Apaf1 while increasing the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2,and attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)by reducing Grp78 expression and chop *** may be attributed to the fact that the addi-tion of CUR increased the levels of catalase(CAT)and glutathione reductase(GSH),increased antioxidant capacity,and ensured the proper functioning of respiratory chain complexes I and II,which in turn reduced the high produc-tion of reactive oxygen species(ROS),thus alleviating apoptosis and *** In conclusion,our data demonstrate the effectiveness of CUR in attenuating liver injury caused by the combination of OTA and *** study confirms the feasibility and efficacy of adding natural products to mitigate toxic damage to aquatic animals.

关键词： Apoptosis Curcumin Endoplasmic reticulum stress Grass carp Hypoxia Ochratoxin A Oxidative damage

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Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide-Fe(Ⅲ) complex promotes intestinal development as a new iron supplement

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 219-231页

作者： Yingying feng Yuying Wu jialu Wang Zhenglin Dong Qian Yu Shuangshuang Xia Chunxue liu Haihua Wang Xin Wu Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of SciencesTianjin 300308China CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China ANYOU Biotechnology Group Co.Ltd Taicang 215412China Qingdao Seawin Biotech Group Co. LTDQingdao 266071China

Iron is a crucial micronutrient, and its deficiency can have detrimental effects on the health of infants. Dietary polysaccharide-iron(Ⅲ) complexes(PICs) are promising for addressing iron deficiency due to their minimal adverse reactions and high iron absorption rate. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide-Fe(Ⅲ) complex(EP-Fe) on newborns, using 3-day weaned piglets as the iron-deficiency model. Results showed that EP-Fe improved iron levels and promoted intestinal development in piglets. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that EP-Fe increased the survival of intestinal epithelial cells under hypoxia by upregulating the expression of genes that promote the development of the vascular system. Additionally, EP-Fe enhanced the mucosal barrier functions by inhibiting myosin light chain kinase(MLCK)/phosphorylated myosin light chain(p-MLC) signaling pathway to increase the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. Furthermore, the 16S r RNA gene sequencing of gut microbiota showed that EP-Fe promoted the enrichment of Bacteroides_fragilis and other gut microbes that can metabolize carbohydrates. In conclusion, EP-Fe is an effective iron supplement for newborns, and it can be developed as a comprehensive nutritional supplement.

关键词： Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide-Fe(III)complex iron deficiency intestinal development gut microbiota weaned piglet

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