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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 120-136页

作者： Zao-Ming Wu Lin He Lin-Sen Ye Xiao-Feng Yang jia-jia zhang Hong-Bo Lei Institute of Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics

High-density uniform microstructure nanocrystalline W-10wt.% Cr-5wt.% Y（W-10Cr-5Y） alloy with an average grain size of 85 nm and a relative density of 99.8% was successfully prepared.W-Cr-Y alloys with different amounts of second-phase particles were prepared by high-energy ball milling and hot isostatic pressing *** effects of composition design,ball milling parameters,and sintering parameters on the microstructure of W-Cr-Y alloys were studied.A feasible technology for controlling the synthesis of high-density nanocrystalline W-based alloys has been *** microstructure analysis of nanocrystalline W-10Cr-5Y alloy shows that there are two types of doping in the second phase:intergranular doping and intragranular *** "uniform distribution YOx-rich particles" effectively suppresses the grain growth of W and leads to the formation of nanocrystalline W-10Cr-5Y alloy.W-10Cr-5Y has an ultra-high hardness,with a Vickers hardness of 1312±12 kgf·***-temperature annealing treatment shows that W-10Cr-5Y has good thermal stability at 1000 and1100℃,as demonstrated by the comparison of Vickers hardness and grain size between annealed and unannealed alloys.

关键词： Hot isostatic pressing Microstructure Nanocrystalline tungsten Thermal stability Vickers hardness

Controlling segregation and hardenability of gear steel based on as-cast structure

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 144-158页

作者： Hai-jie Wang Ze zhang Peng Lan Gang Chen Pu Wang Chuan-hui jiang jia-quan zhang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Weifang Iron and Steel Group Co. Ltd.Weifang 261000ShandongChina

Hardenability significantly impacts the distortion of gear during heat treatment,correlated to the uniformity of solute distribution in steel *** experimental analysis was conducted on the macrostructure,solute distribution,dendrite structure,and rod hardenability of 20CrMnTiH gear steel in continuously cast blooms and hot roller *** evaluation approach by the standards for the hardenability of gear steel rods and the corresponding blooms was analyzed,and the inheritance mechanism from solidification segregation to hardenability fluctuation of gear steel was *** results indicate that semi-macroscopic spot segregation located in the equiaxed zone exhibits larger size,higher solute enrichment,and worse solute homogeneity,leading to significant solute fluctuations in the blooms and hardenability fluctuation in the *** increasing the liquid steel superheat from 35 to 40℃,reducing the mold electromagnetic stirring from 300 to 100 A,and implementing the soft reduction(SR)of 7 mm at the solidification end,the equiaxed ratio of the strand decreased from 26.42%to 6.69%.Consequently,the solute fluctuation range and standard deviation decrease significantly in the transverse section,while the maximum segregation ratio,average fluctuation range,and average standard deviation of solutes C,Cr,and Mn in the spot segregation decrease at the same *** the meanwhile,the equiaxed ratio of the rod decreased from 24.89%to 4.09%,and the structure of the hardenability detection zone was transformed from equiaxed crystals to columnar ***,the solute fluctuation range and standard deviation in the transverse section decreased,while the homogeneity in spot segregation was also *** hardness difference of A and B surfaces at J9 and J15 positions was smaller than 2 HRC,meeting the qualification standard for hardenability.

关键词： Gear steel Continuous casting Solute distribution Dendritic structure Hardenability

Comparison of the effect of ranibizumab in retinal vein occlusion and macular edema with different optical coherence tomographic patterns

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第2期18卷 275-282页

作者： Yue Xu Yue-Cong Yin Ze-Yu Song Xiao-Yu Zhou jia-Ju zhang Juan Liang Department of Ophthalmology the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

AIM:To explore the morphological and functional parameters to evaluate the effectiveness of intravitreal injections of ranibizumab(IVR)in treating macular edema(ME)secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO).METHODS:This retrospective study involved 65 RVO patients(65 eyes)who received IVR and were followedup for more than *** was categorized into cystoid macular edema(CME),diffuse retinal thickening(DRT),and serous retinal detachment(SRD)according to optical coherence tomography(OCT)*** comparison of best corrected visual acuity(BCVA;logMAR)and central macular thickness(CMT)among different follow-up points and those among 3 groups were performed by Kruskal-Wallis *** correlation between BCVA and baseline parameters during treatment was analyzed using Spearman correlation ***:BCVA tended to improve in all groups,with marked improvement in CME and DRT *** showed the greatest reduction after 1wk,and remained stable over the following *** patients had the worst BCVA and the highest CMT at baseline,but the differences became smaller after IVR *** in SRD group was significantly better than in CME and DRT groups 3mo after *** patients of CME and SRD groups transitioned to a normal pattern at 3mo *** patients were most likely to transform into the other morphological groups,while SRD patients showed minimal *** at baseline was identified as the most important prognostic indicator in all 3 ***,DRT patients with a longer clinical course,higher CMT and central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)tend to exhibit worse BCVA after *** addition,CRVO patients are more likely to have worse BCVA at 2 and 3mo follow-up compared with branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO)patients in CME *** patients with higher baseline CMT were prone to experiencing worse BCVA after ***:The effectiveness of IVR is strongly correlated with baseline BCVA in all 3 *** parameters inc

关键词： retinal vein occlusion optical coherence tomography serous retinal detachment cystoid macular edema diffuse retinal thickening

人间和民间:重估佛化新青年会的世界意识与历史意义

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世界宗教文化 2025年第1期 126-133页

作者：张佳东南大学人文学院

在新文化运动中,佛化新青年会为佛教人间化转型开启自主探索,亦借佛教文化对世界文明做出崭新想象。通过对新青年运动和基督教青年会的效仿、佛化与竞争,它以佛化来改造中国与世界的观念和行动,一度获得海内外僧俗名流与青年学子的大力... 详细信息

在新文化运动中,佛化新青年会为佛教人间化转型开启自主探索,亦借佛教文化对世界文明做出崭新想象。通过对新青年运动和基督教青年会的效仿、佛化与竞争,它以佛化来改造中国与世界的观念和行动,一度获得海内外僧俗名流与青年学子的大力支持。在处理人间佛教和民间佛教、僧与俗等关系时,它却因对新佛教和新世界的激进宣传悖离传统而失去僧俗信众的支持,并迅速走向失败。其成败经历则为我们探索人间佛教的发展历程,乃至东方文明和世界文明的历史调适留下经验。

关键词：佛化新青年会僧俗关系人间佛教民间佛教新文化运动

基于拉伸试验的DF断裂模型参数标定方法研究

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塑性工程学报 2025年第1期32卷 235-241页

作者：薛河张嘉庆张顺张雨彪朱佳珺王帅张建龙西安科技大学机械工程学院陕西西安710054 西安特种设备检验检测院陕西西安710065

现存DF断裂模型参数标定方法所需的试验数量较多,为减少其参数标定过程中所需的试验数量,提出了一种新的DF断裂模型参数标定方法。该方法选取304不锈钢为试验材料,利用平板拉伸试验结合有限元分析法构建模型,并通过单边缺口平板拉伸试... 详细信息

现存DF断裂模型参数标定方法所需的试验数量较多,为减少其参数标定过程中所需的试验数量,提出了一种新的DF断裂模型参数标定方法。该方法选取304不锈钢为试验材料,利用平板拉伸试验结合有限元分析法构建模型,并通过单边缺口平板拉伸试验对其准确性进行了验证。利用ABAQUS自开发子程序VUMAT和单元删除技术实现了拉伸试验有限元断裂模拟,并对网格敏感性进行了分析。结果表明,使用新的参数标定方法校准后的DF断裂模型能够准确预测拉伸试样的载荷-位移曲线和断后形貌。有限元断裂模拟网格尺寸应与参数标定所用网格尺寸相同。此方法有助于工程结构断裂分析。

关键词： 304不锈钢有限元分析 DF断裂模型参数标定

校长和教研组长何以共同提升校本教研质量——基于H省9238名教师的调查

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教育学报 2025年第1期21卷 87-102页

作者：张佳刘智慧浙江大学教育学院杭州310058

从普通教师和教研组长双重视角出发,运用描述统计、回归分析和夏普里值分解法对H省9238名教师进行实证分析,考察校长领导力、教研组长领导力及其具体领导实践对校本教研质量的影响。发现H省校本教研质量总体处于中上水平,不同类别学校... 详细信息

从普通教师和教研组长双重视角出发,运用描述统计、回归分析和夏普里值分解法对H省9238名教师进行实证分析,考察校长领导力、教研组长领导力及其具体领导实践对校本教研质量的影响。发现H省校本教研质量总体处于中上水平,不同类别学校的校本教研质量存在显著差异;校长和教研组长领导力均显著正向影响校本教研质量,且教研组长领导力的影响程度和解释力度显著大于校长领导力;校长在学校层面聚焦“教学管理”“重构组织”“树立愿景”方面强化领导力,教研组长在教研组层面聚焦“推动教师发展”“确定发展方向”“管理考核教师”方面强化领导力,能使二者发挥合力,有效提升教研质量。建议加强教研组长专业领导,强化校长的资源和专业支持,合理划分职责边界以发挥两类领导实践的组合效应,形成协同教研网络以提升薄弱校校本教研质量。

关键词：校本教研校本教研质量校长领导力教研组长领导力夏普里值分解

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“自我决定的孤独”:个体化时代青年社交样态背后的“自我逻辑”审思

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内蒙古社会科学 2025年第1期46卷 166-174页

作者：张佳媛林滨中山大学马克思主义学院广东广州510275

“自我决定的孤独”是青年群体在当今时代的新型个体孤独,具有高度“自我意识”的青年个体构筑“自我孤岛”的社交图景主要呈现两个面向:私人情感场域“断离式”的情感封闭和公共社交领域“降级式”的社交样态。青年社交样态的背后是“... 详细信息

“自我决定的孤独”是青年群体在当今时代的新型个体孤独,具有高度“自我意识”的青年个体构筑“自我孤岛”的社交图景主要呈现两个面向:私人情感场域“断离式”的情感封闭和公共社交领域“降级式”的社交样态。青年社交样态的背后是“自我脱嵌性”与“自我重嵌性”双重统一的“自我逻辑”的建构过程,既展现了个体化进程中青年基于“自我”视角所作出的社交选择,又突显了青年在个体性与社会性双重维度上的社交诉求。在现代性视角下,“自我逻辑”的建构揭示出现代“自我”在情感逻辑与经济理性逻辑双重纠缠中的情感转向与“自我决定的孤独”的情感悖论,并折射出现代性的吊诡之处。因此,面对青年群体“自我决定的孤独”的情感隐忧,需在观念层面克服理性主义的情感逻辑并关注“情感自我”的建构,在实践层面“重拾附近”并构建“情感共同体”,以此应对现代性“孤独自我”的存在性危机。

关键词： “自我决定的孤独” 社交样态自我逻辑现代性吊诡

BYSpec: An Automatic Data Reduction Package for BFOSC and YFOSC Spectroscopic Data

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第2期25卷 184-198页

作者： Zi-Chong zhang Jun-Bo zhang Ju-jia zhang De-Yang Song Jing Chen Ming-Yi Ding Nan Zhou Liang Wang Kai zhang Nanjing Institute of Astronomical and Optics & Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics & Technology Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics & Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences International Centre of Supernovae Yunnan Key Laboratory

BFOSC and YFOSC are the most frequently used instruments in the Xinglong 2.16 m telescope and Lijiang 2.4 m telescope, respectively. We developed a software package named “BYSpec”(BFOSC and YFOSC Spectra Reduction Package) dedicated to automatically reducing the long-slit and echelle spectra obtained by these two instruments. The package supports bias and flat-fielding correction, order location, background subtraction, automatic wavelength calibration, and absolute flux calibration. The optimal extraction method maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio and removes most of the cosmic rays imprinted in the spectra. A comparison with the 1D spectra reduced with IRAF verifies the reliability of the results. This open-source software is publicly available to the community.

关键词： instrumentation: spectrographs methods: data analysis techniques: image processing

工业化生产生物质炭对复合污染水体中四环素的吸附性能

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环境科学 2025年第1期46卷 272-281页

作者：雷可刘莉莉张佳宏方婧单胜道浙江科技大学环境与资源学院杭州310023 浙江省废弃生物质循环利用与生态处理技术重点实验室杭州310023

相比于实验室制备生物质炭,工业化生产生物质炭对水体中抗生素吸附性能的研究较少.选取3种工业化批量生产的生物质炭(花生壳炭、污泥炭和易腐垃圾炭),较系统地研究了其对复合污染水体中四环素的吸附性能.结果表明,Freundlich方程能较好... 详细信息

相比于实验室制备生物质炭,工业化生产生物质炭对水体中抗生素吸附性能的研究较少.选取3种工业化批量生产的生物质炭(花生壳炭、污泥炭和易腐垃圾炭),较系统地研究了其对复合污染水体中四环素的吸附性能.结果表明,Freundlich方程能较好地拟合3种生物质炭对四环素的吸附等温线,在较高四环素浓度(>10 mg·L^(-1))时,生物质炭对四环素的吸附能力顺序为:易腐垃圾炭>污泥炭>花生壳炭.花生壳炭的芳香性、疏水性和比表面积对其吸附四环素具有重要影响,可能的主要吸附机制是π—π作用、疏水性作用和孔填充作用.污泥炭的比表面积和孔隙体积对其吸附四环素具有重要影响,可能的主要吸附机制是孔填充作用、表面络合作用和氢键作用.易腐垃圾炭的可溶性有机碳组分和灰分对其吸附四环素具有主导作用,分配作用是主要的吸附机制,其次可能是阳离子—π作用和表面络合作用.共存污染物对生物质炭吸附四环素的影响因生物质炭的种类而异.随着水体中离子强度和氨氮浓度的增加,花生壳炭对四环素的吸附量总体呈小幅上升趋势,而污泥炭则呈小幅降低趋势.易腐垃圾炭对四环素的吸附过程基本不受离子强度和氨氮的影响.共存磷酸盐显著降低了3种生物质炭对四环素的吸附效率.共存好氧有机物对3种生物质炭吸附四环素均没有明显影响.污泥炭和易腐垃圾炭对水体中四环素的吸附具有很好的可循环再生能力.研究结果为生物质炭去除水体中抗生素的工程应用提供了可靠的科学依据和理论支撑.

关键词：生物质炭工业化生产四环素共存污染物吸附

关节内矢状面复位对胫骨平台骨折治疗的指导意义

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中国骨伤 2025年第1期38卷 100-104页

作者：张家凡龙安华韩大成贾梓超张亚奎首都医科大学附属北京潞河医院北京101149 应急管理部应急总医院北京100020

胫骨平台骨折是累及胫骨近端关节面的骨折,其损伤机制复杂、骨折形态不一,且多伴有不同程度的软组织损伤,诊断治疗难度大。近年来的研究热点集中于解决胫骨平台后侧柱的复位与固定,因为临床上发现胫骨平台骨折术后残留矢状面的复位不足... 详细信息

胫骨平台骨折是累及胫骨近端关节面的骨折,其损伤机制复杂、骨折形态不一,且多伴有不同程度的软组织损伤,诊断治疗难度大。近年来的研究热点集中于解决胫骨平台后侧柱的复位与固定,因为临床上发现胫骨平台骨折术后残留矢状面的复位不足或复位丢失导致膝关节功能障碍。胫骨平台后倾角是描述胫骨矢状面力线的重要参数。在自然状态下,胫骨平台后倾角(posterior tibial slope,PTS)发生改变累及前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)、后交叉韧带(posterior cruciate ligament,PCL)等膝关节周围软组织,影响膝关节稳定性。在全膝关节置换(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)中,选择合适的PTS能有效增加假体存留率,提高屈伸膝效能,有利于膝关节稳定。在创伤骨科领域,纠正矢状面畸形同样重要,需遵循“逆损伤机制”原则。定量评价胫骨平台骨折术后的矢状面复位情况,探讨矢状面复位对术后远期效果及并发症的影响,目前认识尚浅,有待进一步的临床和生物力学研究。

关键词：胫骨平台骨折矢状面畸形胫骨平台后倾角前交叉韧带生物力学