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Study on consumption efficiency of soil water resources in the Yellow River Basin based on regional ET structure

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第3期51卷 456-468页

作者： WANG Hao YANG GuiYu jia yangwen QIN DaYong Department of Water Resources Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100044China

Based on the regional water resources character, the concept of soil water resources is first redefined, and then associated with their transfer relationship in the hydrological cycle, Evapotranspiration (ET)-based consumption structure and consumption efficiency of soil water resources are analyzed. According to ET 's function in productivity, the consumption efficiency of soil water resources is di- vided into three classes: high efficient consumption from vegetation transpiration, low efficient con- sumption from soil evaporation among plants with high vegetation coverage and inefficient consump- tion from soil evaporation among plants with low vegetation coverage and bare soil evaporation. The high efficient and low efficient consumption were further classified as productive consumption. The ineffi- cient consumption is considered non-productive consumption because it is significant in the whole hydrological cycle process. Finally, according to these categories, and employing a WEP-L dis- tributed hydrological model, this paper analyzes the consumption efficiency of soil water resources in the Yel- low River Basin. The results show that there are 2078.89×108 m3 soil water resources in the whole basin. From the viewpoint of consumption structure, the soil water resources are comprised of 381.89×108 m3 transpiration consumption from vegetation and 1697.09×108 m3 evaporation consumption from soil among plants and bare soil. From the viewpoint of consumption efficiency, soil water re- sources are composed of 920.11×108 m3 efficient consumption and 1158.86×108 m3 of inefficient con- sumption. High efficient consumption accounts for 41.5 percent of the total efficient consumption of the whole basin, low efficient for 58.5 percent. Furthermore, consumption efficiency varies by region. Compared with ET from different land use conditions, the whole basin appears to follow the trend of having the greatest proportion of consumption as inefficient consumption, followed by l

关键词： soil water resources evapotranspiration (ET) consumption efficiency Yellow River Basin.

处理地下水模型单元疏干-湿润的两种算法对比研究

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水文地质工程地质 2024年第5期51卷 22-34页

作者：陆文陆垂裕何鑫孙青言张博贾仰文中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室北京100038 中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所北京100038 中国长江三峡集团有限公司科学技术研究院北京100038

在使用网格单元中心差分格式的地下水模型中,对地下水网格单元“疏干(干)-湿润(湿)转化”的模拟极易引发模型迭代不收敛等异常情况,很大程度上影响模型的应用。本研究使用理想案例和丹麦应用实例,综合比较了MODFLOW模型的试算法与COMUS... 详细信息

在使用网格单元中心差分格式的地下水模型中,对地下水网格单元“疏干(干)-湿润(湿)转化”的模拟极易引发模型迭代不收敛等异常情况,很大程度上影响模型的应用。本研究使用理想案例和丹麦应用实例,综合比较了MODFLOW模型的试算法与COMUS模型的全有效单元法对网格单元“干-湿转化”问题的模拟能力及算法特性。结果表明:(1)试算法的参数组合选取对模拟的收敛性和模拟结果都有明显影响,使用试算法时需要不断优化参数组合以避免模型迭代不收敛或模拟失真等异常情况,很大程度上增加了用户使用模型的难度和时间成本;(2)全有效单元法的模拟结果比试算法的模拟结果更具可靠性,全有效单元法的作用等同于理论上最优的试算法参数组合,使用全有效单元法时用户无需进行复杂的参数组合工作,因此该方法能有效降低模型的使用难度与模拟结果的不确定性;(3)全有效单元法中单元间水平向水力传导度算法实现了可以与经典调和平均法相比较的数值计算精度,说明全有效单元法在不涉及网格单元“干-湿转化”问题的地下水模拟中同样具有应用潜力。综上所述,全有效单元法更适用于处理地下水模型单元的疏干-湿润转化问题,并且有望在地下水数值模拟领域中得到更为广泛的应用。

关键词：地下水模型网格单元疏干-湿润全有效单元法试算法饱和-非饱和

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Response of water-use efficiency to phenology in the natural forest and grassland of the Loess Plateau in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第9期66卷 2081-2096页

作者： Xingyan TAN yangwen jia Cunwen NIU Dawen YANG Wen LU Chunfeng HAO State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of River Basin Water Cycle(SKL-WAC) China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research(IWHR)Beijing 100038China

Ecosystem water use efficiency(WUE)is an integrated physiological metric for the coupling cycle between terrestrial carbon,water,and *** WUE responds to vegetation phenology(e.g.,SOS,EOS-start,end of growing season,and GSL-growing season length)shifting in temperate semi-arid regions is a hot spot in relative research *** on remotesensing products and in-situ measured climate data,this study discussed how gross primary productivity(GPP),evapotranspiration(ET),and WUE(quantified by GPP/ET)would change with the altering vegetation phenology and climate in the untouched semi-arid forests and grasslands of the Chinese Loess Plateau during 2001–*** results show that vegetation tended to green-up earlier and brown-down later from 2001 to 2020,causing an extended *** forests had an earlier SOS,later EOS,and longer GSL than the grasslands,but the latter had a bigger variation *** WUE in the study area decreased significantly during spring and summer,while the grassland WUE increased in autumn;the annual mean reduction rate in grassland WUE was approximately twice that of *** SOS could increase forest WUE but reduce grassland WUE in spring,mainly because leaf unfolding has a more pronounced limitation on soil evaporation beneath the forest *** had less impact on WUE,and no apparent difference existed between these two *** change could affect WUE directly by changing GPP and ET and indirectly by regulating vegetation *** can increase GPP and ET,causing an earlier SOS,further promoting GPP and ET(except forest ET).Precipitation significantly affected forest GPP and ET in spring,grassland GPP and ET in summer,and grassland ET in autumn;precipitation affects spring grassland WUE mainly via regulating *** solar radiation could suppress grassland GPP in spring,promote forest ET in autumn,and regulate grassland WUE by affecting *** study is meaningful for improving the process-ba

关键词： Water use efficiency Vegetation phenology Climate change Remote sensing The Loess Plateau

基于WEP-QTP模型的近65 a黄河源区径流演变分析

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人民黄河 2024年第2期46卷 41-48页

作者：李霞周祖昊刘佳嘉夏军强王康李佳王鹏翔尤继洲王浩贾仰文中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室北京100038 武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室湖北武汉430072 水利部南水北调规划设计管理局北京100038 中国长江三峡集团有限公司科学技术研究院北京100038

为研究黄河源区径流演变规律,以WEP-QTP(The Water and Energy transfer Processes in the Qinghai⁃Tibet Plateau)模型为基础构建基于水热耦合的黄河源区冻土水文模型。采用玛曲站2019—2021年冻融期逐日土壤温度及土壤液态含水率对模... 详细信息

为研究黄河源区径流演变规律,以WEP-QTP(The Water and Energy transfer Processes in the Qinghai⁃Tibet Plateau)模型为基础构建基于水热耦合的黄河源区冻土水文模型。采用玛曲站2019—2021年冻融期逐日土壤温度及土壤液态含水率对模型进行验证,率定期及验证期决定系数(R2)均值为0.8左右,均方根误差(RMSE)均值分别为1.0℃及0.04左右;采用8个冻土监测点1971—2000年冻融期逐日冻土深度进行验证,决定系数(R2)均值为0.89,均方根误差(RMSE)均值为214.81 mm。模型模拟黄河源区1956—2020年逐月流量过程,效率系数(NSE)为0.8左右,相对误差(RE)为5%左右,表明模型能较好地模拟黄河源区径流过程。利用M-K趋势检验分析得到1956—2020年黄河源区径流呈不显著增加趋势,其变化趋势是降水与气温共同影响的结果。冻融期、非冻融期径流与全年趋势一致。降水增加、气候变暖及冻土退化使径流组分发生变化,地表径流及地下径流均呈增加趋势,但地下径流在全年及冻融期增加趋势更加显著。

关键词：径流演变冻融期非冻融期 WEP-QTP模型黄河源区

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变化中的流域“自然-社会”二元水循环理论与研究方法

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水利学报 2016年第10期47卷 1219-1226页

作者：王浩贾仰文流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室中国水利水电科学研究院北京100038

在人类活动和气候变化影响下,流域水循环发生了深刻变化。水多、水少、水脏、水浑等流域水问题背后的科学基础是"自然-社会"二元驱动力作用下的流域水循环及其伴生的水环境、水生态过程的演变机理,有效解决这些水问题需要一套流域"自然... 详细信息

在人类活动和气候变化影响下,流域水循环发生了深刻变化。水多、水少、水脏、水浑等流域水问题背后的科学基础是"自然-社会"二元驱动力作用下的流域水循环及其伴生的水环境、水生态过程的演变机理,有效解决这些水问题需要一套流域"自然-社会"二元水循环理论来支撑。本文在简述二元水循环研究历程的基础上,从水循环的驱动力、结构、功能属性和演变效应等方面,对比分析了自然水循环和"自然-社会"二元水循环的不同特征,阐述了变化中的流域"自然-社会"二元水循环的基本原理,包括学科范式、科学问题、研究内容与研究方法等。文章还讨论了二元水循环研究面临的机遇与挑战,如水资源的数量-质量-效率统一度量与转化问题及解决方法等,并进行了研究总结。

关键词：流域水循环自然水循环 “自然-社会”二元水循环 “自然-人类”耦合系统

Integrated simulation of the dualistic water cycle and its associated processes in the Haihe River Basin

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第12期58卷 3297-3311页

作者： WANG Hao jia yangwen YANG GuiYu ZHOU ZuHao QIU YaQin NIU CunWen PENG Hui State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

Water resource shortages, water environmental deterioration, and water ecological degradation are becoming increasingly prominent in the Haihe River Basin under the effects of global climate change and intense human activity. Finding ways to solve these problems reasonably is an urgent task in basin water resources management. The water cycle describes the formation and transformation of every water drop, while it interacts with associated water ecology and water environment processes. Therefore, to fundamentally solve the above problems, the three processes must be combined and the evolutionary trends of the ecology and water environment driven by the water cycle must be determined. To comprehensively diagnose and solve the problems of water resources, ecology and water environment in the basin, an integrated simulation platform of the dualistic water cycle and its associated processes in the Haihe River Basin was established by fully analyzing the "natural-social" dualistic characteristics of the evolution of the basin water cycle in this study. Accordingly, it is a supporting tool to evaluate the future trends of water resources, ecology and the water environment by setting scenarios based on the predictions of a climate mode and water control conditions. The results show that with climate change, the water consumption, groundwater overexploitation, and the amount of water flowing to the sea could develop soundly and satisfy the requirements of national economic growth in the future planning year 2030 through the implementation of water consumption control management and the South-North Water Diversion Project. Meanwhile, associated water environmental deterioration can be alleviated, and a growing trend for production capacities of the natural ecosystem and agro-ecosystem is seen. The above results provide a foundation for implementing basin water resources regulation and the most strict water resources management.

关键词：海河流域水循环综合模拟二元流域水资源管理水环境恶化全球气候变化自然生态系统

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黄河流域天然河川径流量演变归因分析

水科学进展 2022年第1期33卷 27-37页

作者：周祖昊刘佳嘉严子奇王浩贾仰文中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室北京100038 水利部水资源与水生态工程技术研究中心北京100038

受气候变化和人类活动影响,黄河流域水资源量持续衰减。以往水资源归因分析的研究主要针对气候变化和人类活动对实测径流量衰减的贡献,对天然径流量衰减的原因关注不够,不利于支撑黄河流域水资源高效利用和科学管理。基于黄河二元水循... 详细信息

受气候变化和人类活动影响,黄河流域水资源量持续衰减。以往水资源归因分析的研究主要针对气候变化和人类活动对实测径流量衰减的贡献,对天然径流量衰减的原因关注不够,不利于支撑黄河流域水资源高效利用和科学管理。基于黄河二元水循环模型评价不同时期黄河流域天然河川径流量,并采用多因素归因分析方法分析主要影响因素对天然河川径流量衰减的贡献。结果表明,2016年水平年情景相比于1956—1979年水平年情景,花园口断面多年平均天然河川径流量减少114.6亿m^(3),其中气候变化、下垫面变化和社会经济取用水影响的贡献率分别为24.4%、25.0%和50.6%。从分区来看,兰州以上气候变化是主导因素,兰州以下人类活动是主导因素。为遏制天然河川径流量衰减的趋势,促进黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展,应加强深度节水、刚性控水、适度增水、强化管水和立法护水。

关键词：天然河川径流量评价归因分析黄河流域

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膨胀性土壤降雨入渗产流模型

水利学报 2017年第10期48卷 1220-1228,1239页

作者：甘永德贾仰文刘欢牛存稳仇亚琴中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室北京100038

膨胀性土壤吸水会发生膨胀变形,这对降雨入渗产流过程有显著影响。本文以Green-Ampt模型为基础,提出了考虑土壤膨胀性的非稳定降雨入渗产流模型(GJGAM)。为量化土壤膨胀性对降雨入渗产流过程的影响,文章引入了考虑土壤膨胀性的土壤饱和... 详细信息

膨胀性土壤吸水会发生膨胀变形,这对降雨入渗产流过程有显著影响。本文以Green-Ampt模型为基础,提出了考虑土壤膨胀性的非稳定降雨入渗产流模型(GJGAM)。为量化土壤膨胀性对降雨入渗产流过程的影响,文章引入了考虑土壤膨胀性的土壤饱和导水系数及饱和含水量,并提出了两参数的计算方法。同时,应用GJGAM和传统的不考虑土壤膨胀性模型(TGAM)分别模拟了径流强度和土壤累计入渗量的室内试验过程,并与试验观测值进行了对比分析。结果表明:利用GJGAM模拟得到的土壤累计入渗量和径流强度与其实测结果吻合良好,而TGAM模拟得到的土壤累计入渗量大于实测值,而径流强度小于实测值。

关键词：土壤膨胀性黄土 Green-Ampt模型土壤入渗产流

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水资源评价的发展历程和趋势

北京师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2010年第3期46卷 274-277页

作者：王浩仇亚琴贾仰文中国水利水电科学研究院北京100038

水资源评价作为水资源规划、开发、利用、保护和管理的基础工作,在水资源开发利用和可持续发展中起着重要的作用.重点评述了国内外的水资源评价发展历程,剖析了不同时代水资源评价的特点,以及水资源评价未来发展趋势,旨在推进水资源评... 详细信息

水资源评价作为水资源规划、开发、利用、保护和管理的基础工作,在水资源开发利用和可持续发展中起着重要的作用.重点评述了国内外的水资源评价发展历程,剖析了不同时代水资源评价的特点,以及水资源评价未来发展趋势,旨在推进水资源评价工作.

关键词：水资源评价发展历程趋势