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Efficient DIPA-CRISPR-mediated knockout of an eye pigment gene in the white-backed planthopper,Sogatella furcifera

Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1015-1025页

作者： Meng-Qi Zhang Lang-Lang Gong Ya-qin Zhao Yun-Feng Ma Gui-Jun Long huan Guo Xuan-Zheng Liu J.Joe Hull Youssef Dewer Chao Yang Ning-Ning Zhang Ming He Peng He National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural BioengineeringMinistry of EducationCenter for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina Pest Management and Biocontrol Research Unit US Arid Land Agricultural Research CenterUSDA Agricultural Research ServicesMaricopaArizonaUSA Phytotoxicity Research Department Central Agricultural Pesticide LaboratoryAgricultural Research CenterDokkiGizaEgypt Guizhou jifeng Seed Industry Limited Liability Company XingyiGuizhou ProvinceChina Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifangShandong ProvinceChina

Although CRISPR/Cas9 has been widely used in insect gene editing,the need for the microinjection of preblastoderm embryos can preclude the technique being used in insect species with eggs that are small,have hard shells,and/or are difficult to collect and maintain outside of their normal *** is the case with Sogatella furcifera,the white-backed planthopper(WBPH),a significant pest of Oryza sativa(rice)that oviposits inside rice *** extraction from the stem runs the risk of mechanical damage and hatching is heavily influenced by the micro-environment of the rice *** bypass these issues,we targeted embryos prior to oviposition via direct parental(DIPA)-CRISPR,in which Cas9 and single-guide RNAs(sgRNAs)for the WBPH eye pigment gene tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase were injected into the hemocoel of adult *** at varying numbers of days posteclosion were evaluated to determine at what stage their oocyte might be most capable of taking up the gene-editing *** evaluation of the offspring indicated that the highest G0 gene-edited efficacy(56.7%)occurred in females injected 2 d posteclosion,and that those mutations were heritably transmitted to the G1 *** study demonstrates the potential utility of DIPA-CRISPR for future gene-editing studies in non-model insect species and can facilitate the development of novel pest management applications.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 DIPA-CRISPR gene editing tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase WBPH

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The"4+4"Medical Doctor(MD)Pilot Program at PUMC:Implementation,Performance,and Prospects

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2024年第2期39卷 144-148页

作者： jing-jing Yi Wei-Wei Xu Chao Ma He Di jing jin Le Zeng Wen-ji Tu Wen-Wen Sun qin Zhang Office of Educational Affairs Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730China

Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)launched the"4+4"Medical Doctor(MD)pilot program in 2018,admitting students with non-medical backgrounds from top universities,aligning with national medical talent training policies to foster diverse and eager learners in *** the occasion of the graduation of the first class of the"4+4"MD pilot class at PUMC in 2023,we reviewed the teaching reform in the pilot program and carried out a systematic survey and interviews with students,faculties,and management staff of the pilot *** article reports on the measures taken by the pilot class at PUMC in enrollment and curriculum setting,and demonstrates the achievements of the pilot class in terms of student academic background structure,knowledge acquisition and skill learning,scientific research ability,and course *** results indicated that the pilot class had met the national demand for the"Medicine+X"talent training *** specifically,with a diverse academic backgrounds,the pilot class graduates had academic levels comparable to the eight-year medical education graduates,and their scientific research abilities were *** pilot program at PUMC will optimize the curriculum setting,strengthen the construction of faculty,learning resources,and teaching facilities,and reform the academic evaluation methods,thus deepening the reform of medical education and improving the"4+4"MD program as a novel medical education model.

关键词： "4+4"MD pilot program teaching reform medical education

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3D printed multicore fiber-tip discriminative sensor for magnetic field and temperature measurements

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第1期5卷 82-92页

作者： Cong Xiong Caoyuan Wang Ruowei Yu Wei ji Yu qin Yichun Shen Wei Chen Ai-Qun Liu Limin Xiao Advanced Fiber Devices and Systems Group Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures(MoE)Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves(MoE)Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Ultra-Precision Optical ManufacturingSchool of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Zhongtian Technology Advanced Materials Co. Ltd.NantongJiangsuChina Key laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced CommunicationShanghai University.ShanghaiChina Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Miniaturized fiber-optic magnetic field sensors have attracted considerable interest owing to their superiorities in anti-electromagnetic interference and ***,the intrinsic thermodynamic properties of the material make temperature cross-sensitivity a challenging problem in terms of sensing accuracy and *** this study,an ultracompact multicore fiber(MCF)tip sensor was designed to discriminatively measure the magnetic field and temperature,which was subsequently evaluated *** novel 3D printed sensing component consists of a bowl-shaped microcantilever and a polymer microfluid-infiltrated microcavity on the end-facet of an MCF,acting as two miniaturized Fabry-Perot *** magnetic sensitivity of the microcantilever was implemented by incorporating an iron micro ball into the microcantilever,and the microfluid-infiltrated microcavity enhanced the capability of highly sensitive temperature *** this tiny fiber-facet device in the two channels of an MCF allows discriminative measurements of the magnetic field and temperature by determining the sensitivity coefficient matrix of two *** device exhibited a high magnetic field intensity sensitivity,approximately 1805.6 pm/mT with a fast response time of~213 ms and a high temperature sensitivity of 160.3 pm/℃.Moreover,the sensor had a low condition number of 11.28,indicating high reliability in two-parameter *** proposed 3D printed MCF-tip probes,which detect multiple signals through multiple channels within a single fiber,can provide an ultracompact,sensitive,and reliable scheme for discriminative *** bowl-shaped microcantilever also provides a useful platform for incorporating microstructures with functional materials,extending multi-parameter sensing scenarios and promoting the application of MCFs.

关键词： Two-photon polymerization Multicore fiber-tip sensor Magnetic field sensing Discriminative sensing

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Vulnerable brain regions in adolescent major depressive disorder:A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 456-466页

作者： Hui Ding qin Zhang Yan-Ping Shu Bin Tian ji Peng Yong-Zhe Hou Gang Wu Li-Yun Lin jia-Lin Li Department of Radiology The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou ProvinceGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Radiology Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry of Women and Children The Second People's Hospital of Guizhou ProvinceGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Radiology Zhijin County People's HospitalBijie 552100Guizhou ProvinceChina Medical Humanities College Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Adolescent major depressive disorder(MDD)is a significant mental health concern that often leads to recurrent depression in ***-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)offers unique insights into the neural mechanisms underlying this ***,despite previous research,the specific vulnerable brain regions affected in adolescent MDD patients have not been fully *** To identify consistent vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients using rs-fMRI and activation likelihood estimation(ALE)*** We performed a comprehensive literature search through July 12,2023,for studies investigating brain functional changes in adolescent MDD *** utilized regional homogeneity(ReHo),amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations(ALFF)and fractional ALFF(fALFF)*** compared the regions of aberrant spontaneous neural activity in adolescents with MDD vs healthy controls(HCs)using *** Ten studies(369 adolescent MDD patients and 313 HCs)were *** the ReHo and ALFF/fALFF data,the results revealed that the activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus was lower in the adolescent MDD patients than in the HCs(voxel size:648 mm3,P<0.05),and no brain region exhibited increased *** on the ALFF data,we found decreased activity in the right cuneus and left precuneus in adolescent MDD patients(voxel size:736 mm3,P<0.05),with no regions exhibiting increased *** Through ALE meta-analysis,we consistently identified the right cuneus and left precuneus as vulnerable brain regions in adolescent MDD patients,increasing our understanding of the neuropathology of affected adolescents.

关键词： Major depressive disorder Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging Adolescent Activation likelihood estimation Meta-analysis

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Understanding cachexia and its impact on lung cancer and beyond

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Chinese Medical Journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期2卷 95-105页

作者： Meiting Yue Zhen qin Liang Hu Hongbin ji State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China School of Life Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang 310024China

Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by loss of body weight secondary to skeletal mus-cle atrophy and adipose tissue *** not only has a significant impact on patients’quality of life but also reduces the effectiveness and tolerability of anticancer therapy,leading to poor clinical *** cancer is a prominent global health concern,and the prevalence of cachexia is high among patients with lung *** this review,we integrate findings from studies of lung cancer and other types of cancer to provide an overview of recent advances in cancer *** focus includes topics such as the clinical criteria for di-agnosis and staging,the function and mechanism of selected mediators,and potential therapeutic strategies for clinical application.A comprehensive summary of current studies will improve our understanding of the mecha-nisms underlying cachexia and contribute to the identification of high-risk patients,the development of effective treatment strategies,and the design of appropriate therapeutic regimens for patients at different disease stages.

关键词： Cancer cachexia Staging systems Mediators Signaling pathways Therapeutic strategies

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EPSPS regulates cell elongation by disrupting the balance of lignin and flavonoid biosynthesis in cotton

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期23卷 3437-3456页

作者： qingdi Yan Wei Hu Chenxu Gao Lan Yang jiaxian Yang Renju Liu Masum Billah Yongjun Lin ji Liu Pengfei Miao Zhaoen Yang Fuguang Li Wenqiang qin State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio‑breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy ofAgricultural SciencesAnyang 455000China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research Huazhong AgriculturalUniversityWuhan 430070China State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization/Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450066China National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya) Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572025China

EPSPS is a key gene in the shikimic acid synthesis pathway that has been widely used in breeding crops with herbicide ***,its role in regulating cell elongation is poorly *** the overexpression of EPSPS genes,we generated lines resistant to glyphosate that exhibit an unexpected dwarf phenotype.A representative line,DHR1,exhibits a stable dwarf phenotype throughout its entire growth *** for plant height,the other agronomic traits of DHR1 are similar to its transgenic explants *** section observations showed that DHR1 internodes are shortened due to reduced elongation and division of the internode *** hormones confirmed that DHR1 is not a classical brassinolide(BR)-or gibberellin(GA)-related dwarfing *** analysis and fine mapping confirmed that the EPSPS gene is the causal gene for dwarfism,and the phenotype can be inherited in different *** and metabolome analyses showed that genes associated with the phenylpropanoid synthesis pathway are enriched in DHR1 compared with *** metabolites are enriched in DHR1,whereas lignin metabolites are *** enhancement of flavonoids likely results in differential expression of auxin signal pathway genes and alters the auxin response,subsequently affecting cell *** study provides a new strategy for generating dwarfs and will accelerate advancements in light simplification in the cultivation and mechanized harvesting of cotton.

关键词： EPSPS cotton T-DNA dwarfism herbicide resistance

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Simultaneous production of high-frequency synthetic apomixis with high fertility and improved agronomic traits in hybrid rice

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 4-7页

作者： Mengqiu Song Wumei Wang Chun ji Shengnan Li Wei Liu Xiaoyu Hul Anhui Feng Shuang Ruan Shiyun Du huan Wang Kui Dai Longbiao Guo Qian Qian Hongqi Si Xingming Hu College of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhui 230036China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouZhejiang 310006China Rice Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiAnhui 230031China jiangxi Modern Seed Industry Co.NanchangJiangxi 330026China

Dear Editor,Utilization of heterosis is fundamental to modern agricultural improvement and contributes significantly to food security and agricultural development(Ouyang et al.,2022).However,heterosis of F,hybrids cannot be stably ***,or asexual reproduction through seeds,offers the potential for the fixation of heterosis in F,hybrids and the formation of clonal offspring,which could have considerable implications for plant breeding and agriculture(Schmidt,2020).But naturally occurring apomixis has never been found in major ***,synthetic apomixis has been successfully generated by inducing incomplete meiotic development combined with parthenogenesis development to produce cloned rice(Oryza sativa)seeds(Khanday et al.,2019;Wang et al.,2019;Vernet et al.,2022;Wei et al.,2023).

关键词： sativa fertility breeding

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Use of Evidence-Based Research Approach in RCTs of Acupuncture-Related Therapies for Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Meta-Research

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第6期30卷 551-558页

作者： HU Xiao-yi TIAN Zi-yu CHEN huan HU Xiang-yu MING Tian-yu PENG Hao-xuan jiAO Rui-min SHI Lan-jun XIU Wen-cui YANG ji-wei GANG Wei-juan jiNG Xiang-hong Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing Puren HospitalBeijing100062China

Objective To assess the use of evidence-based research(EBR)approach in randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of acupuncture-related therapies for primary dysmenorrhea(PD).Methods PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,Chinese Biomedical Database,and China Science and Technology Journal Database were searched from January 2013 to December 2022 for RCTs of acupuncture on *** full text and references of each RCT were read to assess whether systematic reviews(SRs)or other types of studies with similar research questions and end-users’perspectives were cited to justify and design the *** addition,the discussion section were analyzed to evaluate whether trials placed the new result in the existing SRs to draw a *** logistic regression was used to find variables that associated with 3 aspects of EBR approach:(1)citing clinical studies for justification,(2)citing relevant studies that obtain the perspectives of end users,and(3)citing clinical studies for results *** Of 473 RCTs included,45.67%(216)of the trials cited relevant similar studies,21.56%(102)referenced to the studies that collected end-users’perspectives,and 10.99%(52)placed result in the context of the previous *** RCTs appropriately applied EBR *** all the included studies,3.17%(15)of the trials used SRs to inform study questions but none of them used updated SRs with acceptable quality;1.05%(5)of the trials cited SRs of end-user’s perspectives in the justification and design of the study,and only 1 trial added results in existing SR to draw a *** of publication,language,funding,registration,ethical approval and number of sites were significantly associated with 1 of the 3 aspects of EBR *** Few RCTs in acupuncture-related therapies for PD used the EBR approach to minimize research ***,research institutes,funding agencies,ethics committees,journals and peer

关键词： evidence-based research acupuncture therapy primary dysmenorrhea randomized controlled trial systematic review end-usersperspective meta-research

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Succinylation modification:a potential therapeutic target in stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 781-787页

作者： jie Lian Wenwu Liu qin Hu Xiaohua Zhang Department of Neurosurgery Ren Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Naval Medical CenterNaval Medical University

Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability *** cell death triggered by the compromised supply of blood oxygen and glucose is one of the major pathophysiology of strokeinduced brain *** mitochondrial energy metabolism is observed minutes after stroke and is closely associated with the progression of ***,a new type of posttranslational modification,known as lysine succinylation,has been recognized to play a significant role in mitochondrial energy metabolism after ***,the role of succinylation modification in cell metabolism after stroke and its regulation are not well *** aimed to review the effects of succinylation on energy metabolism,reactive oxygen species generation,and neuroinflammation,as well as Sirtuin 5 mediated desuccinylation after *** also highlight the potential of targeting succinylation/desuccinylation as a promising strategy for the treatment of *** succinylation level is dynamically regulated by the nonenzymatic or enzymatic transfer of a succinyl group to a protein on lysine residues and the removal of succinyl catalyzed by *** evidence has suggested that succinylation can regulate the metabolic pathway through modulating the activity or stability of metabolic ***,especially Sirtuin 5,are characterized for their desuccinylation activity and have been recognized as a critical regulator of metabolism through desuccinylating numerous metabolic *** between succinylation and desuccinylation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of *** agents that enhance the activity of Sirtuin 5 have been employed to promote desuccinylation and improve mitochondrial metabolism,and neuroprotective effects of these agents have been observed in experimental stroke ***,their therapeutic efficacy in stroke patients should be validated.

关键词： mitochondria metabolism neuroprotection sirtuin 5 stroke succinylation modification

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Electronic property and topological phase transition in a graphene/CoBr_(2) heterostructure

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 498-505页

作者：秦元秀李胜世纪维霄张昌文 School of Physics and Technology Institute of SpintronicsUniversity of JinanJinan 250022China

Recently,significant experimental advancements in achieving topological phases have been reported in van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures involving ***,using first-principles calculations,we investigate graphene/CoBr_(2)(Gr/CoBr_(2))heterostructures and find that an enhancement of in-plane magnetic anisotropy(IMA)energy in monolayer CoBr_(2) can be accomplished by reducing the interlayer distance of the vdW *** addition,we clarify that the enhancement of IMA energy primarily results from two factors:one is the weakness of the Co-d_(xy) and Co-d_(x^(2)-y^(2)) orbital hybridization and the other is the augmentation of the Co-d_(yz) and Co-d_(z)2 orbital ***,calculation results suggest that the Kosterlitz–Thouless phase transition temperature(TKT)of a 2D XY magnet Gr/CoBr_(2)(23.8 K)is higher than that of a 2D XY monolayer CoBr_(2)(1.35 K).By decreasing the interlayer distances,the proximity effect is more pronounced and band splitting ***,by taking into account spin–orbit coupling,a band gap of approximately 14.3 meV and the quantum anomalous Hall effect(QAHE)are attained by decreasing the interlayer distance by 1.0 *** by the above conclusions,we design a topological field transistor device *** results support that the vdW interlayer distance can be used to modulate the IMA energy and QAHE of materials,providing a pathway for the development of new low-power spintronic devices.

关键词： van der Waals heterostructure in-plane magnetic anisotropy energy quantum anomalous Hall effect

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