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Network Traffic Obfuscation System for IIoT-Cloud Control Systems

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 4911-4929页

作者： Yangjae Lee Sung hoon baek Jung Taek Seo Ki-Woong Park SysCore Lab. Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Computer System Engineering Jungwon UniversityChungcheongbuk-do28024Korea Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversityGyeonggi-do13120Korea

One of the latest technologies enabling remote control,operational efficiency upgrades,and real-time big-data monitoring in an industrial control system(ICS)is the IIoT-Cloud ICS,which integrates the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and the cloud into the *** an ICS benefits from the application of IIoT and the cloud in terms of cost reduction,efficiency improvement,and real-time monitoring,the application of this technology to an ICS poses an unprecedented security risk by exposing its terminal devices to the outside *** adversary can collect information regarding senders,recipients,and prime-time slots through traffic analysis and use it as a linchpin for the next attack,posing a potential threat to the *** address this problem,we designed a network traffic obfuscation system(NTOS)for the IIoT-Cloud ICS,based on the requirements derived from the ICS characteristics and limitations of existing NTOS *** a strategy to solve this problem wherein a decrease in the traffic volume facilitates traffic analysis or reduces the packet transmission speed,we proposed an NTOS based on packet scrambling,wherein a packet is split into multiple pieces before transmission,thus obfuscating network *** minimize the ICS modification and downtime,the proposed NTOS was designed using an agentbased *** addition,for the ICS network traffic analyzer to operate normally in an environment wherein the NTOS is applied,a rule-based NTOS was adopted such that the actual traffic flow is known only to the device that is aware of the rule and is blocked for *** experimental results verified that the same time requested for response and level of difficulty of analysis were maintained by the application of an NTOS based on packet scrambling,even when the number of requests received by the server per second was *** network traffic analyzer of the ICS can capture the packet flow by using the pre-communicated NTOS *** addition,by designing an N

关键词： Cloud computing system moving-target defense container orchestration

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Immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第13期9卷 2969-2982页

作者： Jai hoon Yoon Ye-ji Jung Sung-hoon Moon Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang University College of MedicineSeoul 04763South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Hallym UniversityAnyang 14068South Korea Department of Internal Medicine University of Hallym College of MedicineHallym University Sacred Heart HospitalAnyang 14068South Korea

Pancreatic cancer, a highly lethal cancer, has the lowest 5-year survival rate forseveral reasons, including its tendency for the late diagnosis, a lack of serologicmarkers for screening, aggressive local invasion, its early metastaticdissemination, and its resistance to chemotherapy/radiotherapy. Pancreaticcancer evades immunologic elimination by a variety of mechanisms, includinginduction of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Cancer-associatedfibroblasts interact with inhibitory immune cells, such as tumor-associatedmacrophages and regulatory T cells, to form an inflammatory shell-like desmoplasticstroma around tumor cells. Immunotherapy has the potential to mobilizethe immune system to eliminate cancer cells. Nevertheless, althoughimmunotherapy has shown brilliant results across a wide range of malignancies,only anti-programmed cell death 1 antibodies have been approved for use inpatients with pancreatic cancer who test positive for microsatellite instability ormismatch repair deficiency. Some patients treated with immunotherapy whoshow progression based on conventional response criteria may prove to have adurable response later. Continuation of immune-based treatment beyond diseaseprogression can be chosen if the patient is clinically stable. Immunotherapeuticapproaches for pancreatic cancer treatment deserve further exploration, given theplethora of combination trials with other immunotherapeutic agents, targetedtherapy, stroma-modulating agents, chemotherapy, and multi-way combinationtherapies.

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Pancreatic cancer Immunotherapy Immune checkpoint inhibitor

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Stand development patterns of forest cover types in the natural forests of northern baekdudaegan in South Korea

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 381-390页

作者： ji Hong Kim Guangze jin Sang hoon Chung Department of Forest Management College of Forest and Environmental SciencesKangwon National University School of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Forest Ecology Division Forest Conservation DepartmentKorea Forest Research Institute

The purpose of this study was to classify current forest cover types,and to investigate stand development patterns for natural forests in six areas in northern baekdudaegan,South ***-eight independent forest communities were aggregated into eight forest cover types by species composition in the overstory of each forest *** forest cover types were of mixed mesophytic,‘‘others’ ’ deciduous,Quercus mongolica dominant,*** pure,Pinus densiflora–***,***,Betula ermanii,and ***–*** ecological information was organized by importance value and species diversity for each forest *** on the correlation between species diversity index and the abundance of *** plus *** for corresponding forest cover types,we compared the developmental process and approximate successional pathway between each cover *** *** forest cover type changes into the ***–*** cover type,followed by the *** dominant cover type through continuous invasion of the oak ***,the *** pure cover type would spread toward the *** dominant cover type with a mixture of various deciduous tree *** *** dominant cover type progresses through the other deciduous cover types to the mixed mesophytic cover type with diversified composition and *** the mid to lower slopes,with loamy soils and good moisture conditions,various deciduous forest types should progress,by ecological succession,toward the mixed mesophytic cover type without any further disturbance.

关键词： baekdudaegan Forest cover type Species composition Species diversity Stand development patterns

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Arabidopsis ABF3 and ABF4 Transcription Factors Act with the NF-YC Complex to Regulate SOC1 Expression and Mediate Drought-Accelerated Flowering

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Molecular Plant 2019年第4期12卷 489-505页

作者： Keumbi Hwang Hendry Susila Zeeshan Nasim ji-Yul Jung ji hoon Ahn Department of Life Sciences Korea University Anamro 145 Seongbuk-Gu Seoul 02841 South Korea

The drought-escape response accelerates flowering in response to drought stress, allowing plants to adaptively shorten their life cycles. Abscisic acid (ABA) mediates plant responses to drought, but the role of ABA-responsive element (ABRE)-binding factors (ABFs) in the drought-escape response is poorly understood. Here, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana ABF3 and ABF4 regulate flowering in response to drought through transcriptional regulation of the floral integrator SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1). The abf3 abf4 mutant displayed ABA-insensitive late flowering under long-day conditions. Ectopic expression of ABF3 or ABF4 in the vasculature, but not in the shoot apex, induced early flowering, whereas expression of ABF3 fused with the SRDX transcript!onal repressor domain delayed flowering. We identified SOC1 as a direct downstream target of ABF3/4, and found that SOC1 mRNA levels were lower in abf3 abf4 than in wild-type plants. Moreover, induction of SOC1 by ABA was hampered in abf3 abf4 mutants. ABF3 and ABF4 were enriched at the -1028- to -657-bp region of the SOC1 promoter, which does not contain canonical ABF-ABRE-binding motifs but has the NF-Y binding element. We found that ABF3 and ABF4 interact with nuclear factor Y subunit C (NF-YC) 3/4/9 in vitro and in planta, and induction of SOC1 by ABA was hampered in nf-yc3 yc4 yc9 mutants. Interestingly, the abf3 abf4, nf-yc3 yc4 yc9, and sod mutants displayed a reduced drought-escape response. Taken together, these results suggest that ABF3 and ABF4 act with NF-YCs to promote flowering by inducing SOC1 transcription under drought conditions . This mechanism might contribute to adaptation by enabling plants to complete their life cycles under drought stress.

关键词： drought escape abscisic acid ABF3 ABF4 NF-YC SOC1

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gscaLCA in R: Fitting Fuzzy Clustering Analysis Incorporated with Generalized Structured Component Analysis

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第9期132卷 801-822页

作者： ji hoon Ryoo Seohee Park Seongeun Kim Heungsun Hwang Department of Education College of Educational SciencesYonsei UniversitySeoul03722South Korea Psychometrics Department American Board of Internal MedicinePhiladelphia19016USA Department of Educational Research Methodology School of EducationUniversity of North Carolina at GreensboroGreensboro27412USA Department of Psychology McGill UniversityMontrealH3A 0G4Canada

Clustering analysis identifying unknown heterogenous subgroups of a population(or a sample)has become increasingly popular along with the popularity of machine learning *** there are many software packages running clustering analysis,there is a lack of packages conducting clustering analysis within a structural equation modeling *** package,gscaLCA which is implemented in the R statistical computing environment,was developed for conducting clustering analysis and has been extended to a latent variable *** specifically,by applying both fuzzy clustering(FC)algorithm and generalized structured component analysis(GSCA),the package gscaLCA computes membership prevalence and item response probabilities as posterior probabilities,which is applicable in mixture modeling such as latent class analysis in *** a hybrid model between data clustering in classifications and model-based mixture modeling approach,fuzzy clusterwise GSCA,denoted as gscaLCA,encompasses many advantages from both methods:(1)soft partitioning from FC and(2)efficiency in estimating model parameters with bootstrap method via resolution of global optimization problem from *** main function,gscaLCA,works for both binary and ordered categorical *** addition,gscaLCA can be used for latent class regression as *** of profiles of latent classes based on the posterior probabilities is also available in the package *** paper contributes to providing a methodological tool,gscaLCA that applied researchers such as social scientists and medical researchers can apply clustering analysis in their research.

关键词： Fuzzy clustering generalized structured component analysis gscaLCA latent class analysis

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Memristive Devices Based on Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Chalcogenides for Neuromorphic Computing

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第4期14卷 29-58页

作者： Ki Chang Kwon ji Hyun baek Kootak Hong Soo Young Kim Ho Won Jang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science(KRISS)Daejeon 34133Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Green Manufacturing TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology Seoul National UniversitySuwon 16229Korea

Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal chalcogenides(TMC)and their heterostructures are appealing as building blocks in a wide range of electronic and optoelectronic devices,particularly futuristic memristive and synaptic devices for brain-inspired neuromorphic computing *** distinct properties such as high durability,electrical and optical tunability,clean surface,flexibility,and LEGO-staking capability enable simple fabrication with high integration density,energy-efficient operation,and high *** review provides a thorough examination of high-performance memristors based on 2D TMCs for neuromorphic computing applications,including the promise of 2D TMC materials and heterostructures,as well as the state-of-the-art demonstration of memristive *** challenges and future prospects for the development of these emerging materials and devices are also *** purpose of this review is to provide an outlook on the fabrication and characterization of neuromorphic memristors based on 2D TMCs.

关键词： Two-dimensional materials Memristors Neuromorphic computing Artificial synapses Transition metal chalcogenides

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Unveiling anomalous lattice shrinkage induced by Pi-backbonding in Prussian blue analogues

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 121-128,I0004页

作者： Ju-Hyeon Lee jin-Gyu Bae Hyeon Jeong Lee ji hoon Lee School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Materials University of OxfordOxford OX13PHUnited Kingdom

Transition-metal(TM)-based Prussian blue and its analogues(TM-PBAs) have attracted considerable attention as cathode materials owing to their versatile ion storage capability with tunable working voltages. TM-PBAs with different crystal structures, morphologies, and TM combinations can exhibit excellent electrochemical properties because of their unique and robust host frameworks with well-defined ionic diffusion channels. Nonetheless, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the performance dependence of TM-PBAs on structural changes during charging/discharging processes. In this study, in situ X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption fine structure analyses elucidate the TMdependent structural changes in a series of TM-PBAs during the charging and discharging *** the discharging process, the lattice volume of Fe-PBA increased while those of Ni-and Cu-PBAs decreased. This discrepancy is attributed to the extent of size reduction of the cyanometallate complex([Fe(CN)_(6)]) via pi-backbonding from Fe to C due to redox flips of the low-spin Fe^(3+/2+) ion. This study presents a comprehensive understanding of how TM selection affects capacity acquisition and phase transition in TM-PBAs, a promising class of cathode materials.

关键词： Prussian blue analogues X-ray diffraction X-ray absorption fine structure Pi-backdonation Cyanides

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Light Intensity and Floral Transition： Chloroplast Says ＂Time to Flower!＂

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Molecular Plant 2016年第12期9卷 1551-1553页

作者： Hendry Susila Suhyun jin ji hoon Ahn Creative Research Initiatives Department of Life Sciences Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea

Flowering represents a pivotal developmental transition from the vegetative stage to the reproductive stage. The timing of flower- ing must be carefully controlled under ever-changing environ- mental conditions to ensure successful reproduction. Extensive genetic and molecular biological analyses in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana have identified important regulators of flowering time and revealed a complex network of highly inter- connected pathways that are regulated by seasonal cues （e.g., light and temperature） and internal factors （e.g., age and nutrient availability）（Bouche et al., 2016）.

关键词： Prediction Classification Plant

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Quantitative volumetric analysis of the optic radiation in the normal human brain using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging-based tractography

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第3期9卷 280-284页

作者： Dong-hoon Lee ji-Won Park Cheol-Pyo Hong Center for Medical Metrology Division of Convergence Technology Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) Department of Radiological Science College of Health Science Yonsei University Department of Physical Therapy College of Medical Science Catholic University of Daegu

To attain the volumetric information of the optic radiation in normal human brains, we per- formed diffusion tensor imaging examination in 13 healthy volunteers. Simultaneously, we used a brain normalization method to reduce individual brain variation and increase the accuracy of volumetric information analysis. In addition, tractography-based group mapping method was also used to investigate the probability and distribution of the optic radiation pathways. Our results showed that the measured optic radiation fiber tract volume was a range of about 0.16% and that the fractional anisotropy value was about 0.53. Moreover, the optic radiation probability fiber pathway that was determined with diffusion tensor tractography-based group mapping was able to detect the location relatively accurately. We believe that our methods and results are help- ful in the study of optic radiation fiber tract information.

关键词： nerve regeneration optic radiation diffusion tensor imaging diffusion tensor tractogra-phy magnetic resonance imaging volumetric analysis probability map group mapping visualiza-tion individual variation neural regeneration

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Biliary reflux detection in anomalous union of the pancreaticobiliary duct patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第9期18卷 952-959页

作者： Suk Keu Yeom Seung Wha Lee Sang hoon Cha Hwan hoon Chung Bo Kyung Je baek Hyun Kim Jong jin Hyun Department of Radiology Korea University Ansan Hospital Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineKorea University Ansan HospitalGyeonggi-do 425-707South Korea

AIM： To demonstrate the imaging findings of biliopan creatic and pancreatico-biliary reflux in patients with anomalous union of the pancreatico biliary duct （AUPBD） on gadoxetic acidenhanced functional magnetic res... 详细信息

关键词： Bile reflux Choledochal cyst Encoscopicretrograde cholangio-pancreatography Gadolinium-eth-oxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid Magneticresonance imaging

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