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Machine learning-based models for advanced fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients:A cohort study

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第9期31卷 30-42页

作者： Fei-Xiang Xiong Lei Sun Xue-jie Zhang jia-liang Chen Yang Zhou Xiao-Min ji Pei-Pei Meng Tong Wu Xian-Bo Wang Yi-Xin Hou Center of Integrative Medicine Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100015China Department of Pathology Beijing Ditan HospitalBeijing 100015China

BACKGROUND The global prevalence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)and its associated risk of adverse outcomes,particularly in patients with advanced liver fibrosis,underscores the importance of early and accurate *** To develop a machine learning-based diagnostic model for advanced liver fibrosis in NASH *** A total of 749 patients who underwent liver biopsy at Beijing Ditan Hospital,Capital Medical University,between January 2010 and January 2020 were *** were randomly divided into training(n=522)and validation(n=224)*** machine learning models were applied to predict advanced liver fibrosis,with feature selection based on Shapley Additive Explanations(SHAP).The diagnostic performance of these models was compared to traditional scores such as the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index(APRI)and fibrosis index based on the 4 factors(FIB-4),using metrics including the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC),decision curve analysis(DCA),and calibration *** The Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)model outperformed all other machine learning models,achieving an AUROC of 0.934(95%CI:0.914-0.955)in the training cohort and 0.917(95%CI:0.880-0.953)in the validation cohort(P<0.001).Incorporating liver stiffness measurement into the model further improved its performance,with an AUROC of 0.977(95%CI:0.966-0.980)in the training cohort and 0.970(95%CI:0.950-0.990)in the validation cohort,significantly surpassing APRI and FIB-4 scores(P<0.001).The XGBoost model also demonstrated superior clinical utility,as evidenced by DCA and calibration curve analysis in both *** The XGBoost model provides a highly accurate,non-invasive diagnosis of advanced liver fibrosis in NASH patients,outperforming traditional *** online tool based on this model has been developed to assist clinicians in evaluating the risk of advanced liver fibrosis.

关键词： Machine learning Advanced fibrosis Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Extreme Gradient Boosting Non-invasive

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数字政府建设中的公民合供与政府回应

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党政研究 2025年第1期 49-62页

作者：冀翠萍马亮中国社科院大学山东省委党校公共管理教研部北京 102488 北京大学政府管理学院中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院北京 100872

基于公共利益的公民主动合供是重要的理论与实践命题,数字政府建设中公民如何参与合供,其内涵尚待剖析.研究基于中国政府网"我为政府网站找错",抓取平台曝光的办结类数据,分析公民找错留言的网站层级、地区分布、错误类型与情感表达,分... 详细信息

基于公共利益的公民主动合供是重要的理论与实践命题,数字政府建设中公民如何参与合供,其内涵尚待剖析.研究基于中国政府网"我为政府网站找错",抓取平台曝光的办结类数据,分析公民找错留言的网站层级、地区分布、错误类型与情感表达,分析政府答复的时长速度、策略模式,刻画政府与公民合供的行为特征.研究发现,基于公共利益的数字化合供已初露端倪,公民自发主动参与"找错",已形成了对部级、省级、市级、县级的覆盖.公民合供在行政层级间呈现非均衡性,更倾向于给高层级政府网站"找错",高层级政府网站多为功能可靠性错误,低层级政府网站多为内容准确性错误.政府回应的时效高且积极主动态势明显,发展出吸纳型、修正型、解释型、转移型四种策略模式.政府与公民的高合供意愿、高互动程度形成了"双向奔赴"的积极形态,助推治理效能提升.

关键词：合供数字政府数字化合供我为政府网站找错

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Atmospheric CO_(2) Removal Efficiency through Enhanced Silicate Weathering in Croplands:A Review with Emphasis on the Contribution of Fungi

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年第1期36卷 197-211页

作者： Zi-Bo Li Gaojun Li Jonathan M.Adams Dong-Xing Guan liang Zhao Rongjun Bian Qing Hu Xiancai Lu Junfeng ji Jun Chen State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Earth Sciences and Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Institute of Resource Ecosystem and Environment of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Xiong'an Institute of Innovation Chinese Academy of SciencesXiong'an 071700China

Enhanced silicate weathering(ESW)is a geoengineering method aimed at accelerating carbon dioxide(CO_(2))removal(CDR)from atmosphere by increasing the weathering flux of silicate rocks and *** has emerged as a promising strategy for *** studies underscore ESW’s substantial potential for CDR and its diverse benefits for crops when applied to ***,the well-known significant discrepancies in silicate weathering rates between laboratory and field conditions introduce uncertainty in CDR through *** compiling data from recent literature,we calculated and compared CDR efficiency(t CO_(2)t^(-1)_(silicate)ha^(-1)y^(-1))observed in mesocosm experiments and field *** findings indicate that CDR efficiencies in field trials are comparable to or exceeding that observed in mesocosm experiments by 1-3 orders of magnitude,particularly evident with wollastonite *** hierarchy of CDR efficiency among silicates suitable for ESW is ranked as follows:olivine≥wollastonite>basalt>albite≥*** suggest the potential role of biota,especially fungi,in contributing to higher CDR efficiencies observed in field trials compared to mesocosm *** further emphasize introducing fungi known for their effectiveness in silicate weathering could potentially enhance CDR efficiency through ESW in *** before implementing fungal-facilitated ESW,three key questions need addressing:(i)How does the community of introduced fungi evolve over time?(ii)What is the long-term trajectory of CDR efficiency following fungal introduction?and(iii)Could fungal introduction lead to organic matter oxidation,resulting in elevated CO_(2)emissions?These investigations are crucial for optimizing the efficiency and sustainability of fungal-facilitated ESW strategy.

关键词： enhanced weathering carbon dioxide removal efficiency fungi weathering rate altered surface layers

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基于OBE理念的环境监测实验教材建设的思考

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教育教学论坛 2017年第9期 212-213页

作者：胡磊纪靓靓袁旭音李轶河海大学环境学院江苏南京210098

环境监测实验是环境工程专业重要的实践课程。在对国内出版的环境监测实验教材的详细分析的基础上,以O BE理念为指引,提出了改进环境监测实验教材的思路和方法,以利于环境监测实验课程的教学质量的提高和学生创新能力的培养。

关键词： OBE 实践创新环境监测实验教学体系

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Modular assembly of complex C-alkyl glycoside enabled via cooperative NHC and photoredox catalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Rui-Qiang jiao Ming Li Xi Chen Mei-Ze Xu Tian Ding Xiao-Ping Gong Zhuo-Mei Li Xue-yuan Liu Yong-Min liang State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University

C-Alkyl glycosides are found in natural products and are indispensable in drug development programs,owing to their diverse range of medicinal ***-component reactions involving glycosyl radical addition are well documented and proved efficient for the C-alkyl glycosides ***,multicomponent reactions for the rapid and controllable construction of structurally diversified C-alkyl glycosides in a single step remains a significant challenge due to the issues associated with balancing reactivity,compatibility,and ***,we report an NHC and photoredox co-catalyzed three-component method to access complex and valuable C-alkyl *** protocol exhibits broad substrate scope and excellent chemoand ***,nine types of sugars are compatible with this *** addition,the generality of this catalytic strategy was further highlighted by the potential for scalable production,the feasibility of further modifications of the products and its successful application in the late-stage functionalization of pharmaceutical skeletons.

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Dual-phase medium-entropy diboride-carbide ceramics with metal element exchange during sintering

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JOURNAL OF ADVANCED CERAMICS 2025年第1期14卷 91-100页

作者： Peng, Pai Liu, ji-Xuan Xin, Xiao-Ting Bao, Weichao liang, Yongcheng Xu, Fangfang Zhang, Guo-Jun Donghua Univ Inst Funct Mat Coll Mat Sci & Engn Coll Phys Shanghai 201620 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Shanghai Inst Ceram State Key Lab High Performance Ceram & Superfine M Shanghai 200050 Peoples R China

Multiphase composition design is a strategy for optimizing the microstructures and properties of ceramic materials through mutual inhibition of grain growth, complementary property improvement, or even mutually reinforcing effects. More interesting phenomena can be expected if chemical interactions between the constituent phases exist. In this study, spark plasma sintering was used to prepare fully dense dual-phase (Zr,Hf,Ta)B2-(Zr,Hf,Ta)C ceramics from self-synthesized equimolar medium-entropy diboride and carbide powders. The obtained ceramics were composed of two distinct solid solution phases, the Zr-rich diboride phase and the Ta-rich carbide phase, indicating that metal element exchange occurred between the starting equimolar medium-entropy diboride and carbide phases during sintering. Owing to the mutual grain-boundary pinning effect, finegrained dual-phase ceramics were obtained. The chemical driving force originating from metal element exchange during the sintering process is considered to promote the densification process of the ceramics. The metal element exchange between the medium-entropy diboride and carbide phases significantly increased the Young's modulus of the dual-phase ceramics. The dual- phase medium-entropy 50 vol% (Zr,Hf,Ta)B2-50 vol% (Zr,Hf,Ta)C ceramics with the smallest grain size exhibited the highest hardness of 22.4 +/- 0.2 GPa. It is inferred that optimized comprehensive properties or performance of dual-phase high-entropy or medium-entropy ceramics of diborides and carbides can be achieved by adjusting both the volume content and the metal element composition of the corresponding starting powders of diborides and carbides.

关键词： medium-entropy diboride medium-entropy carbide dual-phase medium-entropy ceramics metal element exchange densification mechanical properties

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基于AI大模型的文生图技术方法研究及应用

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地球信息科学学报 2025年第1期27卷 10-26页

作者：张新长赵元齐霁冯炜明新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院乌鲁木齐830017 广州大学地理科学与遥感学院广州510006 广州大学黄埔研究院广州510000 广东省城乡规划建设智能服务工程技术研究中心广州511300

【目的】系统梳理基于AI大模型的文生图技术的进展,并探讨该技术在城乡规划领域的应用。【探讨】本文首先分别从训练数据集、模型和评价方法3个视角出发,对文生图技术发展进行了全面、系统的回顾,以揭示其成功背后的推动性因素。尽管文... 详细信息

【目的】系统梳理基于AI大模型的文生图技术的进展,并探讨该技术在城乡规划领域的应用。【探讨】本文首先分别从训练数据集、模型和评价方法3个视角出发,对文生图技术发展进行了全面、系统的回顾,以揭示其成功背后的推动性因素。尽管文生图技术在通用计算机领域取得显著进展,但城乡规划领域的实际应用中仍面临诸多关键挑战,包括缺乏高质量领域数据、生成内容的可控性和可靠性不足,以及缺乏地学先验知识约束等。针对这些问题,本文提出了相应的研究思路,包括:面向领域需求的文生图数据增强策略、基于指令拓展的空间信息增强文生图模型、以及基于诱导布局的局部编辑文生图模型。在此基础上,结合多个实际应用案例展示文生图技术在城乡规划设计领域的应用价值和潜力。【展望】文生图技术通过技术突破和多学科融合,有望成为城乡规划设计领域的重要创新动力,为高效、智能化的设计实践提供支持。

关键词：生成式AI AIGC 图像生成文生图扩散模型人工智能大模型

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双燃料发动机气门间隙异常对气缸均匀性的影响

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船海工程 2025年第1期54卷 36-40,47页

作者：梁文威唐元元蒋雨池李赫纪鑫大连海事大学轮机工程学院辽宁大连116026 中波轮船股份公司上海200000

利用AVL BOOST软件对双燃料发动机进行一维仿真建模,将进气门间隙设为仿真参数,模拟进气流道异常情况。当仿真参数气门间隙设置为正常值0.2 mm时,各气缸爆发压力和IMEP小幅度波动且气缸均匀性较好;当气门间隙出现异常时,各气缸的爆压及I... 详细信息

利用AVL BOOST软件对双燃料发动机进行一维仿真建模,将进气门间隙设为仿真参数,模拟进气流道异常情况。当仿真参数气门间隙设置为正常值0.2 mm时,各气缸爆发压力和IMEP小幅度波动且气缸均匀性较好;当气门间隙出现异常时,各气缸的爆压及IMEP出现较为明显的不均匀现象。此外还设置进气管道参数进行验证,发现各气缸管道流量的变异系数随着管长增大逐渐变小。当进气管道异常时,进气门间隙发生变化,导致发动机在冲程起始阶段,气缸中的气油混合物回流到管道并进行再分配,因此产生气缸性能不均匀现象。研究结果为发动机设计和优化提供了重要的理论依据和实际应用价值。

关键词：双燃料发动机气门间隙不均匀现象一维建模仿真验证

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In vivo self-assembled bispecific fluorescence probe for early detection of bladder cancer and metastasis

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 407-418页

作者： Da-Yong Hou Ni-yuan Zhang Peng Zhang Xiang-Peng Li jiong-Cheng Wu Mei-Yu Lv Zhi-jia Wang Xing-jie Hu jian-Xiao liang Hong-Lei Wang Yue-Ze Wang Hui-Hui You Hong-Wei An Hao Wang Wanhai Xu NHC Key Laboratory of Molecular Probe and Targeted Theranostics Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Scientific Research in UrologyHarbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150001China Department of PET-CT/MRI Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbin 150001China CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology(NCNST)Beijing 100190China

Tumor metastasis accounts for over 90%of tumor-related deaths,prompting the development of fluorescently labeled tumor-specific molecular imaging agents for differentiating tumors from normal ***,early detection of metastasis lesions by tracking tumor markers alone has proven to be ***,we reported a glycopeptide-based bispecific fluorescence probe(bsProbe)for earlier detection of bladder cancer and *** simultaneously recognition(tumor&tumor microenvironment)and in vivo self-assembly,the tumor accumulation of bsProbe(12.3%ID/g)was obviously increased by∼6 fold compared with that in CXCR4 specific fluorescence probe(sProbe),indicating the obvious advantages of bsProbe over existing tumor metastasis detection ***,bsProbe substantially broadens the tumor diagnosis window and enhances the detection signal to noise ratio(SNR:approximately 9.5),permitting early diagnosis of lung micro-metastasis(∼1 mm),precise identifying of tumor boundaries and micro-tumors in orthotopic tumor *** importantly,bsProbe was demonstrated to distinguish malignant from benign specimen with a specificity of 90.48%and sensitivity of 92.22%in 195 clinical specimens of bladder cancer *** together,this novel synergetic targeting(CD206×CXCR4)strategy provides an attractive method for earlier detection of bladder cancer and metastasis,which might be further extended to the imaging-guided surgery of clinical invisible tumors.

关键词： Self-assembly Peptide Nanomaterial Fluorescence imaging Bladder cancer

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距下关节镜下克氏针空心螺钉内固定治疗McCrory-BladinⅢ型距骨外侧突骨折的临床效果研究

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中国现代医学杂志 2025年第4期35卷 85-90页

作者：林吉良吴远松黄石市中医医院骨科湖北黄石453000

目的分析距下关节镜下克氏针空心螺钉内固定治疗McCrory-BladinⅢ型距骨外侧突骨折的临床效果。方法选取2019年4月—2023年7月黄石市中医医院收治的61例McCrory-BladinⅢ型骨外侧突骨折患者,按照不同手术方法将其分为对照组和观察组。... 详细信息

目的分析距下关节镜下克氏针空心螺钉内固定治疗McCrory-BladinⅢ型距骨外侧突骨折的临床效果。方法选取2019年4月—2023年7月黄石市中医医院收治的61例McCrory-BladinⅢ型骨外侧突骨折患者,按照不同手术方法将其分为对照组和观察组。对照组30例采取切开复位克氏针固定治疗,观察组31例采取距下关节镜下克氏针空心螺钉内固定治疗,对比两组治疗效果。结果观察组手术前后美国足踝外科协会评分和视觉模拟评分的变化大于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组疼痛、关节活动度、跛行Hawkins评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),观察组骨折愈合时间和住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后6个月与术后1周足踝功能恢复状况FAAM-ADL和FAAM-S评分的下降程度均大于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组与对照组术后1、3、6个月的骨痂生长情况Leeds评分比较,结果:(1)不同时间点Leeds评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)观察组与对照组Leeds评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组Leeds评分较高,骨痂生长较好;(3)两组Leeds评分变化趋势比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对McCrory-BladinⅢ型骨外侧突骨折患者采取距下关节镜下克氏针空心螺钉内固定治疗,可显著加快骨痂生长,改善足踝功能,减轻患者疼痛,且并发症发生率较低。

关键词：距骨外侧突骨折 McCrory-BladinⅢ型关节镜克氏针空心螺钉

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