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Statistical Downscaling for Multi-Model Ensemble Prediction of Summer Monsoon Rainfall in the Asia-Pacific Region Using Geopotential Height Field

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第5期25卷 867-884页

作者：祝从文 Chung-Kyu park Woo-Sung LEE Won-tae YUN Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Climate Center (APCC) Busan Republic of Korea Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Reanalysis Victoria BC Canada Korea Meteorological Administration Seoul Republic of Korea

The 21-yr ensemble predictions of model precipitation and circulation in the East Asian and western North Pacific （Asia-Pacific） summer monsoon region （0°-50°N, 100° 150°E） were evaluated in nine different AGCM, used in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Climate Center （APCC） multi-model ensemble seasonal prediction system. The analysis indicates that the precipitation anomaly patterns of model ensemble predictions are substantially different from the observed counterparts in this region, but the summer monsoon circulations are reasonably predicted. For example, all models can well produce the interannual variability of the western North Pacific monsoon index （WNPMI） defined by 850 hPa winds, but they failed to predict the relationship between WNPMI and precipitation anomalies. The interannual variability of the 500 hPa geopotential height （GPH） can be well predicted by the models in contrast to precipitation anomalies. On the basis of such model performances and the relationship between the interannual variations of 500 hPa GPH and precipitation anomalies, we developed a statistical scheme used to downscale the summer monsoon precipitation anomaly on the basis of EOF and singular value decomposition （SVD）. In this scheme, the three leading EOF modes of 500 hPa GPH anomaly fields predicted by the models are firstly corrected by the linear regression between the principal components in each model and observation, respectively. Then, the corrected model GPH is chosen as the predictor to downscale the precipitation anomaly field, which is assembled by the forecasted expansion coefficients of model 500 hPa GPH and the three leading SVD modes of observed precipitation anomaly corresponding to the prediction of model 500 hPa GPH during a 19-year training period. The cross-validated forecasts suggest that this downscaling scheme may have a potential to improve the forecast skill of the precipitation anomaly in the South China Sea, western North Pacific and the East Asia

关键词： summer monsoon precipitation multi-model ensemble prediction statistical downscaling forecast

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Effects of humic acid on phytodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil simultaneously contaminated with heavy metals

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第12期23卷 2034-2041页

作者： Soyoung park Ki Seob Kim Jeong-tae Kim Daeseok Kang Kijune Sung Department of Ocean Engineering Pukyong National University Busan 608-737 Korea Department of Ecological Engineering Pukyong National University Busan 608-737 Korea

The use of humic acid （HA） to enhance the efficiency of phytodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil contaminated with diesel fuel was evaluated in this study. A sample of soil was artificially contaminated with commercially available diesel fuel to an initial total petroleum hydrocarbons （TPH） concentration of 2300 mg/kg and four heavy metals with concentrations of 400 mg/kg for Pb, 200 mg/kg for Cu, 12 mg/kg for Cd, and 160 mg/kg for Ni. Three plant species, Brassica campestris, Festuca arundinacea, and Helianthus annuus, were selected for the phytodegradation experiment. Percentage degradation of TPH in the soil in a control pot supplemented with HA increased to 45% from 30% without HA. The addition of HA resulted in an increases in the removal of TPH from the soil in pots planted with B. campestris, F. arundinacea, and H. annuus, enhancing percentage degradation to 86%, 64%, and 85% from 45%, 54%, and 66%, respectively. The effect of HA was also observed in the degradation of n-alkanes within 30 days. The rates of removal of n-alkanes in soil planted with B. campestris and H. annuus were high for n-alkanes in the range of C11–C28. A dynamic increase in dehydrogenase activity was observed during the last 15 days of a 30-day experimental period in all the pots amended with HA. The enhanced biodegradation performance for TPHs observed might be due to an increase in microbial activities and bioavailable TPH in soils caused by combined effects of plants and HA. The results suggested that HA could act as an enhancing agent for phytodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil contaminated with diesel fuel and heavy metals.

关键词： phytodegradation TPHs humic acid n-alkanes DHA combined effects

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Mechanical and electrical properties of In-Bi solder at Bi_(2212) superconductor interface with annealed Ag spray layers and Ag precoating layers

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2009年第4期19卷 961-964页

作者： Seung-Yong SHIN ji-Hyun LEE Hai-Woong park Department of Materials Engineering Korea University of Technology and Education(KUT)

The electrical properties of solder contact layers between Cu-Ni shunt metal and tube type Bi2212 superconductor that is applied in superconducting fault current limiter were *** contact properties of the solders are improved not only by Ag precoating layers,but also by the pre-sprayed Ag layer and subsequent Ag precoating *** annealed Ag sprayed layers onto Bi2212 superconductor prior to Ag electroplating work as protecting layers for the superconductor from plating *** contact angle of the electroplated Ag layer is 42.91° and decreases to 15.25° and 5.88° with Ag sprayed layer and additional Ag electroplated *** Ag sprayed layer with suitable annealing prior to Ag electroplating improves contact strength of the Ag electroplated layer by about 12% due to denser microstructure of the Ag electroplated layers.

关键词：超导故障限流器 Bi2212 电镀银电气性能喷涂层预涂层退火焊料

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Arterial stiffness expressed as brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity and gait assessment independent of lower extremity strength:a cross-sectional study in the older men population

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第2期20卷 91-99页

作者： tae Kyung Yoo Seunghee Lee Sae-Jong park Jong-Young Lee Department of Medicine MetroWest Medical CenterFraminghamUSA Department of Physical Education Korea UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Division of Sports Science Korea Institute of Sport ScienceSeoulSouth Korea Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineKangbuk Samsung HospitalSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea

BACKGROUND Older men are more vulnerable to fatal falls than women,and gait disturbances contribute to the risk of *** have assessed the association between arterial stiffness and gait dysfunction,but the results have been *** study aimed to conduct a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate the association between brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and gait assessment in older *** Data from the 2014–2015 Korea Institute of Sport Science Fitness Standards project were used for the *** inclusion criteria were men aged>65 years with gait assessment[the 30-s chair stand test(30s-CST),the timed up and go(TUG)test,the figure-of-8 walk(F8W)test,the 2-min step test(2MST),and the 6-min walk test(6MWT)]and baPWV measurement *** linear regression analysis was conducted with multiple confounding factor adjustments,including lower extremity isometric *** A total of 291 participants were included in the *** mean age was 71.38±4.40 *** mean values were as follows:(1)30s-CST,17.48±5.00;(2)TUG test,6.01±1.10 s;(3)F8W test,25.65±4.71 s;(4)2MST,102.40±18.83 per 2 min;and(5)6MWT,500.02±85.65 *** multivariable adjustment,baPWV was associated with the 6MWT(β=−0.037,95%CI:−0.072–−0.002),TUG test(β=0,95%CI:0.000–0.001),and F8W test(β=0.002,95%CI:0.000–0.004).baPWV was not associated with the 30s-CST and *** The current study showed a statistically significant association between gait assessments and arterial stiffness,independent of lower extremity ***,this association was *** prospective studies are needed to elucidate the complex relationship between arterial stiffness and gait dysfunction.

关键词： stiffness sectional pulse

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Verification of Damage Detection Algorithm by Prototype Building Structure Test

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Engineering（科研） 2013年第10期5卷 827-835页

作者： ji-Hyun Hwang Ki-tae park Structural Engineering Research Division Korea Institute of Construction Technology Goyang South Korea

Safety related accidents of buildings and civil engineering structures have been reported all over the world. With the increasing importance of securing the safety of social infrastructure and optimum performance levels to prevent these accidents, a lot of attention has been concentrated on monitoring performance degradation due to structural defects and deterioration. In this study, the algorithm was developed to evaluate the safety of structures by analyzing signals of time domain and frequency domain, and the developed algorithm was verified through a forced vibration test. From the results of time-domain and frequency-domain data analysis, the damage detection results by each sensor location with a high degree of accuracy were derived in both methods.

关键词： Infrastructure Algorithm Vibration Test Damage Detection

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Effects of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction(Yukmijihwang-tang)on Physical Fatigue by Regulating Neurotransmitters in Brain

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第11期26卷 839-844页

作者： ji-Ye Kee Seung-Heon Hong jin-Han park department of oriental pharmacy college of pharmacywonkwang-oriental medicines research institutewonkwang universityjeonbuk(54538)republic of korea division of bio-tech no logy and con verge nee daegu hanny un iversitygyeongbuk(8578)republic of korea

Objective:To study the effect of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction(六味地黄汤)or Yukmijihwangtang(YJT)on endurance exercise by in vivo ***:ICR mice were randomly divided into the control group(distilled water)and the YJT groups(1,10,100 mg/kg),5 animals per *** and distilled water were orally *** anti-fatigue effect of YJT was evaluated by open fifiled test(OFT),forced swimming test(FST),and tail suspension test(TST).Results:In the OFT,YJT signifificantly increased the total movement distance in a dose-dependent ***,treatment with YJT signifificantly decreased immobility time in the FST and the *** neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine(NE),serotonin(5-HT),dopamine(DA)levels were increased by *** of YJT down-regulated the expression levels of NE,5-HT,5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid(5-HIAA),and DA in the brain stem and hypothalamus of ***,protein expression of HSP70 in mice liver and heart muscles was signifificantly increased in the YJT ***:YJT could ameliorate fatigue and enhance exercise tolerance through suppressing of brain monoamines including NE,5-HT,5-HIAA,and DA in FST mice model.

关键词： Yukmijihwang-tang Liuwei Dihuang Decoction fatigue forced swimming test HSP70 neurotransmitter Chinese medicine

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Calcium-dependent proteasome activation is required for axonal neurofilament degradation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第36期8卷 3401-3409页

作者： Joo Youn park So Young Jang Yoon Kyung Shin Duk Joon Suh Hwan tae park Department of Physiology Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center College of Medicine Dong-A University

Even though many studies have identified roles of proteasomes in axonal degeneration, the mo- lecular mechanisms by which axonal injury regulates proteasome activity are still unclear. In the present study, we found evidence indicating that extracellular calcium influx is an upstream regulator of proteasome activity during axonal degeneration in injured peripheral nerves. In degenerating axons, the increase in proteasome activity and the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins were sig- nificantly suppressed by extracellular calcium chelation. In addition, electron microscopic findings revealed selective inhibition of neurofilament degradation, but not microtubule depolymerization or mitochondrial swelling, by the inhibition of calpain and proteasomes. Taken together, our findings suggest that calcium increase and subsequent proteasome activation are an essential initiator of neurofilament degradation in Wallerian degeneration.

关键词： neural regeneration peripheral nerve injury neurofilament degradation sciatic nerve calcium calpain mitochondria microtubule depolymerization axon axon degeneration neuroregeneration

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Growth and Magnetic Properties of Sol-Gel Derived Co-Doped ZnO Thin Film

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第Z1期24卷 59-63页

作者： Young Sung Kim Ki Chul Kim Won Pil tae Dae Ho Yoon tae Seok park Su Jeong Suh Advanced Material Process of Information Technology Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 Korea Cambridge-ETRI Joint R&D Centre Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Daejeon 305-350 Korea Ulsan Industry Promotion Techno Park Ulsan 683-804 Korea Advanced Material Process of Information Technology Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 Korea Advanced Material Process of Information Technology Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 Korea Advanced Material Process of Information Technology Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 Korea

Zn1-xCoxO films were grown on glass by sol-gel spin coating process. A homogeneous and stable Zn1-xCoxO sol was prepared by dissolving zinc acetate dihydrate, cobalt acetate tetrahydrate and aluminium chloride hexahydrate as solutes in solution of isopropanol and monoethanolamine. The films were postheated and vacuum annealed, and investigated for c-axis preferred orientation and electromagnetic properties. Zn1-xCoxO films with different Co concentrations were oriented well along the c-axis, especially the Zn1-xCoxO film with 10% Co(atom fraction) was highly c-axis oriented. The transmittance spectra show that Zn1-xCoxO films occur d-d transition and sp-d exchange interaction between Co2+ ions. The electrical resistivity of the films at 10% Co had the lowest value because the crystallite size became largest and the crystallinity of the c-axis was improved. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and alternating gradient magnetometer analyses indicated that no Co metal cluster was formed, and the ferromagnetism at room temperature appeared. The characteristics of the electrical resistivity and room temperature ferromagnetism of sol-gel derived Zn1-xCoxO films suggest a potential application of dilute magnetic semiconductor devices.

关键词： sol-gel Zn1-xCoxO thin film dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS)

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Chuna Therapy for Musculoskeletal Pain:A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials in Korean Literature

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第3期19卷 228-232页

作者： tae-Woong Moon tae-Young Choi tae-Yong park Myeong Soo Lee Brain Disease Research Center Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine

Objective： To evaluate the effectiveness of Chuna for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain as reported in Korean literature. Methods： We conducted an electronic literature search using seven Korean databases and manually searched six traditional Korean medicine journals. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane criteria. Results： Six randomized controlled trials （RCTs） were included in the study. Compared with standard care, three RCTs suggested favorable effects of Chuna on neck pain due to a hypolordotic cervical spine, low back pain caused by traffic accidents, and low back pain. In contrast, compared with standard care, three RCTs failed to show positive effects on temporomandibular joint disorder, mandibular movement, and neck pain caused by traffic accidents. Conclusions： Currently, the evidence of the effectiveness of Chuna for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain is not convincing. Further rigorously designed trials are warranted to determine its effectiveness.

关键词： Chuna musculoskeletal pain systematic review Korean literature

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Tailored BiVO_(4)/In_(2)O_(3)nanostructures with boosted charge separation ability toward unassisted water splitting

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Carbon Energy 2023年第6期5卷 45-59页

作者： Mi Gyoung Lee jin Wook Yang Ik Jae park tae Hyung Lee Hoonkee park Woo Seok Cheon Sol ALee Hyungsoo Lee Su Geun ji Jun Min Suh Jooho Moon jin Young Kim Ho Won Jang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Country Department of Applied Physics Sookmyung Women's UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology Seoul National UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

The development of new heterostructures with high photoactivity is a breakthrough for the limitation of solar-driven water ***,we first introduce indium oxide(In_(2)O_(3))nanorods(NRs)as a novel electron transport layer for bismuth vanadate(BiVO_(4))with a short charge diffusion ***_(2)O_(3)NRs reinforce the electron transport and hole blocking of BiVO_(4),surpassing the state-of-the-art photoelectrochemical performances of BiVO_(4)-based ***,a tannin-nickel-iron complex(TANF)is used as an oxygen evolution catalyst to speed up the reaction *** final TANF/BiVO_(4)/In_(2)O_(3)NR photoanode generates photocurrent densities of 7.1 mAcm^(−2) in sulfite oxidation and 4.2 mA cm^(−2) in water oxidation at 1.23 V versus the reversible hydrogen ***,the“artificial leaf,”which is a tandem cell with a perovskite/silicon solar cell,shows a solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 6.2%for unbiased solar water *** reveal significant advances in the photoactivity of TANF/BiVO_(4)/In_(2)O_(3)NRs from the tailored nanostructure and band structure for charge dynamics.

关键词： bismuth vanadate heterojunction indium oxide nanostructure photoelectrochemical water splitting

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