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Changes in Global Vegetation Distribution and Carbon Fluxes in Response to Global Warming:Simulated Results from IAP-DGVM in CAS-ESM2

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第8期39卷 1285-1298,I0002-I0010页

作者： Xiaofei GAO jiawen ZHU Xiaodong ZENG Minghua ZHANG Yongjiu DAI Duoying ji He ZHANG International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook UniversityNY 11790USA School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Terrestrial ecosystems are an important part of Earth systems,and they are undergoing remarkable changes in response to global *** study investigates the response of the terrestrial vegetation distribution and carbon fluxes to global warming by using the new dynamic global vegetation model in the second version of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Earth System Model(CAS-ESM2).We conducted two sets of simulations,a present-day simulation and a future simulation,which were forced by the present-day climate during 1981-2000 and the future climate during 2081-2100,respectively,as derived from RCP8.5 outputs in ***_(2)concentration is kept constant in all simulations to isolate CO_(2)-fertilization *** results show an overall increase in vegetation coverage in response to global warming,which is the net result of the greening in the mid-high latitudes and the browning in the *** results also show an enhancement in carbon fluxes in response to global warming,including gross primary productivity,net primary productivity,and autotrophic *** found that the changes in vegetation coverage were significantly correlated with changes in surface air temperature,reflecting the dominant role of temperature,while the changes in carbon fluxes were caused by the combined effects of leaf area index,temperature,and *** study applies the CAS-ESM2 to investigate the response of terrestrial ecosystems to climate *** though the interpretation of the results is limited by isolating CO_(2)-fertilization effects,this application is still beneficial for adding to our understanding of vegetation processes and to further improve upon model parameterizations.

关键词： global warming vegetation distribution carbon flux leaf area index surface air temperature

Surface protection method for the magnetic core using covalent organic framework shells and its application in As(Ⅲ)depth removal from acid wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 1-9页

作者： Wenjun Huang Haomiao Xu Xiaoshuang Liu Longlong Wang Shutang Li Leipeng ji Zan Qu Naiqiang Yan School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

Fe_(3)O_(4)-based materials are widely used for magnetic separation from ***,they often suffer from Fe-leaching behavior under acidic conditions,decreasing their ac-tivity and limiting sustainable practical *** this study,covalent organic frame-works(COFs)were used as the shell to protect the Fe_(3)O_(4) core,and the Fe_(3)O_(4)@COF core-shell composites were synthesized for As(Ⅲ)removal from acid *** imine-linked COFs can in situ grow on the surface of the Fe_(3)O_(4) core layer by layer with[COFs/Fe_(3)O_(4)]mol ratio of up to 2∶*** Fe-leaching behavior was weakened over a wide pH range of ***,such composites keep their magnetic characteristic,making them favorable for nanomaterial ***(Ⅲ)batch adsorption experiments results indicated that,when COFs are used as the shell for the Fe_(3)O_(4) core,a balance between As(Ⅲ)removal efficiencies and the thickness of the COF shell *** As(Ⅲ)removal efficiencies are obtained when the[COFs/Fe_(3)O_(4)]mol ratios were<1.5∶1,but thicker COF shells were not beneficial for As(Ⅲ)*** composites also exhibited better As(Ⅲ)removal performances in the pH range of *** a wide pH range,the zeta potential of Fe_(3)O_(4)@COF core-shell compos-ites becomes more positive,which benefits the capture of negative arsenic *** addition,thinner surface COFs were favorable for mass transfer and facilitating the reaction of Fe and As *** study highlights the promise of using COFs in nanomaterial surface protection and achieving As(Ⅲ)depth removal under acidic conditions.

关键词： Arsenic ions Covalent Organic Framework Core-shell structure Surface protectionLayer Thickness

PosFuzz:augmenting greybox fuzzing with effective position distribution

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Cybersecurity 2023年第4期6卷 123-143页

作者： Yanyan Zou Wei Zou jiaCheng Zhao Nanyu Zhong Yu Zhang ji Shi Wei Huo Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina State Key Lab of Processors Institute of Computing TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Network Assessment Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Network Security and Protection Technology BeijingChina Zhongguancun Laboratory BeijingChina

Mutation-based greybox fuzzing has been one of the most prevalent techniques for security vulnerability discovery and a great deal of research work has been proposed to improve both its efficiency and ***-based greybox fuzzing generates input cases by mutating the input seed,i.e.,applying a sequence of mutation operators to randomly selected mutation positions of the ***,existing fruitful research work focuses on scheduling mutation operators,leaving the schedule of mutation positions as an overlooked aspect of fuzzing *** paper proposes a novel greybox fuzzing method,PosFuzz,that statistically schedules mutation positions based on their historical *** makes use of a concept of effective position distribution to represent the semantics of the input and to guide the *** first utilizes Good-Turing frequency estimation to calculate an effective position distribution for each mutation *** then leverages two sampling methods in different mutating stages to select the positions from the *** have implemented PosFuzz on top of AFL,AFLFast and MOPT,called Pos-AFL,-AFLFast and-MOPT respectively,and evaluated them on the UNIFUZZ benchmark(20 widely used open source programs)and LAVA-M *** result shows that,under the same testing time budget,the Pos-AFL,-AFLFast and-MOPT outperform their counterparts in code coverage and vulnerability discovery *** with AFL,AFLFast,and MOPT,PosFuzz gets 21%more edge coverage and finds 133%more paths on *** also triggers 275%more unique bugs on average.

关键词： Greybox fuzzing Mutation position Mutation operator Code coverage Vulnerability discovery

Dual-modification of manganese oxide by heterostructure and cation pre-intercalation for high-rate and stable zinc-ion storage

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 82-91页

作者： Song Wang Weibing Ma Zhiyuan Sang Feng Hou Wenping Si jingdong Guo ji Liang De'an Yang Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)possess great advantages in terms of high safety and low cost,and are regarded as promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,limited by the electrochemical kinetics and structural stability of the typical cathode materials,it is still difficult to simultaneously achieve high rates and high cycling stability for ***,we present a manganese oxide(Sn_(x)Mn O_(2)/Sn O_(2))material that is dual-modified by Sn O_(2)/Mn O_(2)heterostructures and pre-intercalated Sn;cations as the cathode material for *** modification provides sufficient hetero-interfaces and expanded interlayer spacing in the material,which greatly facilitates the insertion/extraction of Zn^(2+).Meanwhile,the“structural pillars”of Sn^(4+) cations and the“pinning effect”of SnO_(2)also structurally stabilizes the Mn O_(2)species during the repeated Zn^(2+) insertion/extraction,leading to ultra-high cycling *** to these merits,the Sn_(x)MnO_(2)/SnO_(2)cathode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 316.1 m Ah g^(-1) at 0.3 A g^(-1),superior rate capability of 179.4 m Ah g^(-1) at 2 A g^(-1),and 92.4%capacity retention after 2000 ***,this work would provide a promising yet efficient strategy by combining heterostructures and cations preintercalation to obtain high-performance cathodes for ZIBs.

关键词： Zinc-ion battery Manganese-based cathode material Pre-intercalation Heterostructure

Advances in particulate matter filtration:Materials,performance,and application

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第3期8卷 673-697页

作者： Xuzheng ji jianying Huang Lin Teng Shuhui Li Xiao Li Weilong Cai Zhong Chen Yuekun Lai College of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116China b Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory Quanzhou362801China Department of Chemistry University College LondonLondonWC1H 0AJUK School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore

Air-borne pollutants in particulate matter(PM)form,produced either physically during industrial processes or certain biological routes,have posed a great threat to human *** during the current COVID-19 pandemic,effective filtration of the virus is an urgent matter *** this review,we first introduce some fundamentals about PM,including its source and classification,filtration mechanisms,and evaluation *** filtration materials and their functions are then summarized,among which polymers and MOFs are discussed in detail together with their antibacterial *** discussion on the application is divided into end-of-pipe treatment and source ***,we conclude this review with our prospective view on future research in this area.

关键词： Air filtration PM capture End-of-pipe treatment Source control COVID-19

Granular Carbides-Assisted Ultrafine-Ferrite Fabrication in the Pearlitic Steel Without Severe Plastic Deformation and Annealing

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2020年第12期33卷 1645-1656页

作者： Han Zheng Liming Fu Xinbo ji Ziyong Li Yanle Sun Sixin Zhao Wei Wang Aidang Shan School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Central Research Institute(R&D Center) Baoshan Iron&Steel Co.LTDShanghaiChina

The evolution of ferrite grain and cementite lamella during cold rolling in a granular carbide–pearlite steel has been *** attention has been given to a quantitative characterization of changes in the ferrite *** backscattered diff raction and transmission electron microscopy observations show that the ultrafi ne ferrite(~388 nm)can be produced through low equivalent strain cold rolling without severe plastic deformation(SPD)and *** average grain size of ferrite depends on the volume fraction,shape and distribution of granular carbides as well as interlamellar spacing of pearlite.A general explanation of granular carbides-assisted grain refi nement is that the embedded carbides between natural barrier will signifi cantly facilitate dislocation nucleation during cold *** reaction occurs more drastically and quickly near these granular *** reactions promote the formation of high-angle grain *** formation of ultrafi ne ferrite grains and subgrains in steel after cold rolling toε=1.4 strain makes the strength and ductility increased simultaneously compared withε=0.6 cold-rolled *** results suggest a new material design strategy to obtain ultrafi ne-grained structure via the granular carbides assistance.

关键词： Grain refinement Carbide Pearlitic steel Cold rolling

A Comparative Study on Hydrodynamics and Hydrochemistry Coupled Simulations of Drainage Pipe Crystallization Blockage in Karst Tunnels

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第5期33卷 1179-1189页

作者： Dian-Guang Liu Yun Yang Cheng-Jun Mao jian-Feng Wu ji-Chun Wu School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing211100China Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry Ministry of EducationDepartment of HydrosciencesSchool of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China

Drainage pipe system is the requisite component of the traffic tunnels in Karst *** reveal the dynamic process of crystallization blockage in drainage pipes,a novel hydrodynamics and hydrochemistry coupled simulation model was developed for calculating the deposition rate of CaCO_(3) fouling in pipeline *** adhering to the pipe walls involve a deformable domain with moving geometric boundaries,and moving mesh and level set methods are proposed for simulation of for tunnel turbulence and crystallization fouling *** simulation results are compared with the experimental results showing similar *** effects of temperature,flow velocity,and solution concentration on crystallization blockage were analyzed by comparative simulation *** simulation results show that:(1)the moving mesh method simulated nozzle shrinkage caused by crystalline deposition,without accounting for geometric topology shape ***,the level set method tracked the moving topology and thus can simulate the process of complete blockage;(2)the flow velocity in the longitudinal pipe generally exceeded that in the transverse pipe,and the CaCO_(3) crystal concentration in the transverse pipe eclipsed that in the longitudinal pipe,which meant crystallization blockages primarily occurred in the transverse pipe;(3)the temperature and concentration correlated positively with the crystallization rate,while the crystal precipitation value decreases with the increasing of inlet flow velocity *** study advances a hydrodynamics and hydrochemistry coupled crystallization blockage model to provide technical support for the early identification of crystallizationinduced pipe blockage in the drainage system in karst tunnel sites.

关键词： karst tunnel crystallization blockage numerical simulation moving mesh level set engineering geology

LIC color texture enhancement algorithm for ocean vector field data based on HSV color mapping and cumulative distribution function

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第10期41卷 171-180页

作者： Hongbo Zheng Qin Shao jie Chen Yangyang Shan Xujia Qin ji Ma Xiaogang Xu College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310023China Department of Navigation Dalian Naval AcademyDalian116018China

Texture-based visualization method is a common method in the visualization of vector field *** at adding color mapping to the texture of ocean vector field and solving the ambiguity of vector direction in texture image,a new color texture enhancement algorithm based on the Line Integral Convolution(LIC)for the vector field data is proposed,which combines the HSV color mapping and cumulative distribution function calculation of vector field *** algorithm can be summarized as follows:firstly,the vector field data is convoluted twice by line integration to get the gray texture ***,the method of mapping vector data to each component of the HSV color space is *** then,the vector field data is mapped into HSV color space and converted from HSV to RGB values to get the color ***,the cumulative distribution function of the RGB color components of the gray texture image and the color image is constructed to enhance the gray texture and RGB color ***,both the gray texture image and the color image are fused to get the color *** experimental results show that the proposed LIC color texture enhancement algorithm is capable of generating a better display of vector field ***,the ambiguity of vector direction in the texture images is solved and the direction information of the vector field is expressed more accurately.

关键词： ocean vector field visualization texture enhancement color mapping line integral convolution

Recent advances and challenges in materials for 3D bioprinting

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2020年第5期30卷 618-634页

作者： Hongli Mao Li Yang Haofang Zhu Lihuang Wu Peihong ji jiquan Yang Zhongwei Gu College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Research Institute for Biomaterials Tech Institute for Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology Nanjing Industry Institute for Advanced Intelligent Equipment jiangsu Key Lab of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing Nanjing Normal University

3 D bioprinting has been developed as a promising technology in a wide variety of biomedical ***, the successful implementation of bioprinting is still heavily restricted by the relatively narrow range of printable and biocompatible materials. Recently, many comprehensive reviews of the main bioprinting methods,commonly used bioprinting materials and the trending bioprinting applications have been carried out. In this review, we focused on the trends in the development of materials for 3 D bioprinting. The significance and recent advances of ECM-based materials, multi-material and stimuli-responsive materials for bioprinting were summarized successively. Moreover, the challenges in current studies and future perspectives of materials for 3 D bioprinting were discussed.

关键词： 3D bioprinting ECM-based materials Multi-material Composite and hybrid materials Stimuli-responsive materials