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Investigation of long-wavelength elastic wave propagation through wet bentonite-filled rock joints

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第10期15卷 2496-2507页

作者： ji-Won kim Song-Hun Chong jin-Seop kim Geon-Young kim Disposal Performance Demonstration R&D Division Korea Atomic Energy Research InstituteDaejeon34057Republic of Korea Department of Civil Engineering Sunchon National UniversitySuncheon57922Republic of Korea

The saturation of the compacted bentonite buffer in the deep geological repository can cause bentonite swelling,intrusion into rock fractures,and ***,erosion and subsequent bentonite mass loss due to groundwater inflow can aggravate the overall integrity of the engineered barrier ***,the coupled hydro-mechanical interaction between the buffer and rock during groundwater inflow and bentonite intrusion should be evaluated to guarantee the long-term safety of deep geological *** study investigated the effect of bentonite erosion and intrusion on the elastic wave propagation characteristics in jointed rocks using a quasi-static resonant column *** rock specimens with different joint conditions(*** surface saturation and bentonite filling)were prepared using granite rock discs sampled from the Korea Underground Research Tunnel(KURT)and Gyeongju *** long-wavelength longitudinal and shear wave velocities were measured under different normal stress levels.A Hertzian-type power model was used to fit the wave velocities,and the relationship between the two fitted parameters provided the trend of joint *** simulations using three-dimensional distinct element code(3DEC)were conducted to better understand how the long-wavelength wave propagates through wet bentonite-filled rock joints.

关键词： Engineered barrier system Bentonite erosion and intrusion Jointed rock mass Long-wavelength elastic wave velocity Quasi-static resonant column test Three-dimensional distinct element code(3DEC)

Surface-roughened current collectors for anode-free all-solid-state batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 248-257,I0007页

作者： Donghee Gu Hyoungchul kim Jong-ho Lee Sangbaek Park Energy Materials Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792.Republic of Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringKorea University.Seoul 02841.Republic of Korea Division of Nanoscience and Technology University of Science and Technology(UST)Seoul02792.Republicof Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134.Republic of Korea

Anode-free all-solid-state batteries(AFASSBs), composed of a fully lithiated cathode and a bare current collector(CC) that eliminates excess lithium, can maximize the energy density(because of a compact cell configuration) and improve the safety of solid-state systems. Although significant progress has been made by modifying CCs in liquid-based anode-free batteries, the role of CCs and the mechanism of Li formation on CCs in AFASSBs are still unexplored. Here, we systematically investigate the effect of the surface roughness of the CCs on the Li plating/stripping behavior in AFASSBs. The results show that the moderately roughened CC substantially improves the Coulombic efficiency and cycle stability of AFASSBs owing to the increased contact points between the solid electrolyte and the roughened CC. In contrast, the excessively roughened CC deteriorates the performance owing to the contact ***, an ex situ interface analysis reveals that the roughened surface of the CC could suppress the interfacial degradation during the Li ion extraction from a sulfide solid electrolyte to a CC. This provides an indication to the origin that hinders the electrochemical performance of AFASSBs. These findings show the potential for the application of surface-engineered CCs in AFASSBs and provide guidelines for designing advanced CCs.

关键词： Anode-free Solid-state batteries Current collectors Surface roughness Li formation

棕色海藻提取物岩藻黄质对运动性疲劳的缓解作用

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分子植物育种 2024年第2期22卷 608-614页

作者：黄钢梁吉浙江交通职业技术学院杭州311112

棕色海藻的一种天然提取物岩藻黄质,近年来受到科学研究的关注,尤其在抗疲劳领域。作为一种具有高度抗氧化活性的物质,已被证明能够显著降低运动后的氧化损伤,并有效缓解疲劳。本研究选用大鼠并分为六组,包括对照组、EIF模型组、不同剂... 详细信息

棕色海藻的一种天然提取物岩藻黄质,近年来受到科学研究的关注,尤其在抗疲劳领域。作为一种具有高度抗氧化活性的物质,已被证明能够显著降低运动后的氧化损伤,并有效缓解疲劳。本研究选用大鼠并分为六组,包括对照组、EIF模型组、不同剂量的岩藻黄质处理组以及岩藻黄质和Nrf2抑制剂ML385的联合处理组。经过4周的实验后,结果发现与EIF模型组相比,岩藻黄质处理组的力竭游泳时间明显延长,同时血清中LDH、CK、cTnI的水平降低,骨骼肌中的抗氧化酶如SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性增强,而MDA水平下降。此外,岩藻黄质处理增强了Nrf2及其下游靶基因ho-1和NQO-1的表达,而抑制了Keap1的表达。然而,当使用Nrf2抑制剂ML385时,上述岩藻黄质带来的抗EIF效果和对Nrf2-ARE通路的激活都被抑制。综上,岩藻黄质通过激活Nrf2-ARE通路有效缓解EIF,展现出作为一种高效抗EIF保健成分的潜力。显然,岩藻黄质有望成为未来抗疲劳领域的重要天然成分,并有潜力在运动补充剂或食品添加剂中得到广泛应用。

关键词：棕色海藻岩藻黄质运动性疲劳 Nrf2-ARE机制抗氧化

Trace amounts of antibiotic altered metabolomic and microbial profiles of weaned pigs infected with a pathogenic ***

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1576-1590页

作者： Kwangwook kim Cynthia jinno Peng ji Yanhong Liu Department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Department of Nutrition University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Background:Our previous study has shown that supplementation of trace amounts of antibiotic exacerbated the detrimental effects of enterotoxigenic ***(ETEC)infection and delayed the recovery of pigs that may be associated with modified metabolites and metabolic ***,the objective of this study was to explore the impacts of trace levels of antibiotic(carbadox)on host metabolic profiles and colon microbiota of weaned pigs experimentally infected with ETEC ***:The multivariate analysis highlighted a distinct metabolomic profile of serum and colon digesta between trace amounts of antibiotic(TRA;0.5 mg/kg carbadox)and label-recommended dose antibiotic(REC;50 mg/kg carbadox)on d 5 post-inoculation(PI).The relative abundance of metabolomic markers of amino acids,carbohydrates,and purine metabolism were significantly differentiated between the TRA and REC groups(q<0.2).In addition,pigs in REC group had the highest(P<0.05)relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae and tended to have increased(P<0.10)relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae in the colon digesta on d 5 *** d 11 PI,pigs in REC had greater(P<0.05)relative abundance of Clostridiaceae compared with other groups,whereas had reduced(P<0.05)relative abundance of Prevotellaceae than pigs in control ***:Trace amounts of antibiotic resulted in differential metabolites and metabolic pathways that may be associated with its slow responses against ETEC F18 *** altered gut microbiota profiles by labelrecommended dose antibiotic may contribute to the promotion of disease resistance in weaned pigs.

关键词： Carbadox Colon microbiota Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Metabolomics Weaned pigs

Passivation engineering via silica‐encapsulated quantum dots for highly sensitive photodetection

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Carbon Energy 2023年第9期5卷 49-62页

作者： ji Yun Chun Byung Gi kim jin Young kim Woongsik Jang Dong Hwan Wang School of Integrative Engineering Chung‐Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Organometal halide perovskites are promising semiconducting materials for photodetectors because of their favorable optoelectrical *** nanoscale perovskite materials such as quantum dots(QDs)show novel behavior,they have intrinsic stability *** this study,an effectively silane barrier-capped quantum dot(QD@APDEMS)is thinly applied onto a bulk perovskite photosensitive layer for use in ***@APDEMS is synthesized with a silane ligand with hydrophobic CH_(3)-terminal groups,resulting in excellent dispersibility and durability to enable effective *** introduction of the QD@APDEMS layer results in the formation of a lowdefect perovskite film with enlarged *** is attributed to the grain boundary interconnection effect via interaction between the functional groups of QD@APDEMS and uncoordinated Pb^(2+)in grain *** passivating the grain boundaries,where various trap sites are distributed,hole chargecarrier injection and shunt leakage can be ***,from the energy point of view,the deep highest occupied molecular orbital(hoMO)level of QD@APDEMS can work as a hole charge injection *** charge dynamics(generation,transfer,and recombination properties)and reduced trap density of QD@APDEMS are *** this perovskite film is used in a photodetector,the device performance(especially the detectivity)stands out among existing perovskites evaluated for energy sensing device applications.

关键词： grain boundary passivation perovskite quantum dots photodetectors photosensitive layers trap

Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Elicit Acute and Chronic Itch via Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 Activation in Mice

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第4期38卷 373-385页

作者： Seong-Ah kim Jun ho Jang Wheedong kim Pa Reum Lee Yong ho kim Hue Vang Kihwan Lee Seog Bae Oh Department of Neurobiology and Physiology School of Dentistry and Dental Research InstituteSeoul National UniversitySeoul 03080Republic of Korea Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences College of Natural SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Gachon Pain Center and Department of Physiology College of MedicineGachon UniversityIncheon 21999Republic of Korea Tooth-Periodontium Complex Medical Research Center School of DentistrySeoul National UniversitySeoul 03080Republic of Korea

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(mROS)that are overproduced by mitochondrial dysfunction are linked to pathological conditions including sensory ***,we explored whether mROS overproduction induces itch through transient receptor potential canonical 3(TRPC3),which is sensitive to *** injection of antimycin A(AA),a selective inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III for mROS overproduction,produced robust scratching behavior in naïve mice,which was suppressed by MitoTEMPO,a mitochondria-selective ROS scavenger,and Pyr10,a TRPC3-specific blocker,but not by blockers of TRPA1 or *** activated subsets of trigeminal ganglion neurons and also induced inward currents,which were blocked by MitoTEMPO and ***,dry skin-induced chronic scratching was relieved by MitoTEMPO and Pyr10,and also by resveratrol,an *** together,our results suggest that mROS elicit itch through TRPC3,which may underlie chronic itch,representing a potential therapeutic target for chronic itch.

关键词： Mitochondria Reactive oxygen species TRPC3 Itch Dry skin Trigeminal ganglia

Polyarteritis nodosa presenting as leg pain with resolution of positron emission tomography-images:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第4期11卷 918-921页

作者： ji-Hyoun Kang Jahae kim Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineChonnam National University Medical School&HospitalGwangju 61469South Korea Department of Nuclear Medicine Chonnam National University Hospital&Medical SchoolGwangju 61469South Korea

BACKGROUND Although fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography(FDG-PET/CT)is widely used for diagnosis and follow-up of large sized vessel vasculitis,it is still not widely used for small to medium sized vessel *** SUMMARY This is the case of a 68-year-old male who presented at the emergency department complaining of fever,myalgia,and bilateral leg pain of over two weeks duration,with elevated levels of C-reactive *** was subsequently admitted and despite the absence of clinically significant findings,the patient continued to exhibit recurrent fever.A fever of unknown origin workup,which included imaging studies using FDG-PET/CT,revealed vasculitis involving small to medium-sized vessels of both lower extremities,demonstrated by linear hypermetabolism throughout the leg *** patient was treated with methylprednisolone and methotrexate after diagnosis leading to the gradual resolution of the patient’s *** weeks later,a follow-up FDGPET/CT was *** hypermetabolic vessels were markedly *** Our case report demonstrated that FDG-PET/CT has tremendous potential to detect medium-sized vessel inflammation;it can also play a crucial role in prognosticating outcomes and monitoring therapeutic efficacy.

关键词： Positron emission tomography-computed tomography Polyarteritis nodosa Case report

Acetylsalicylic acid for metal stent in malignant distal common bile duct obstruction:A randomized controlled trial

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第5期21卷 493-499页

作者： jin ho Choi Kyong Joo Lee Woo Hyun Paik Namyoung Park Jung Won Chun Sang Hyub Lee ji Kon Ryu Yong-Tae kim Department of Internal Medicine Liver Research InstituteSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University Wonju College of MedicineWonjuKorea

Background:Endoscopic biliary drainage is the treatment of choice for patients with malignant distal common bile duct ***-expandable metal stents have clinical advantages including an increased duration of patency that may be prolonged by acetylsalicylic acid(ASA)*** aim of this study was to investigate whether ASA had a positive effect on the patency of self-expandable metal stents compared with ***:This prospective,multicenter,double-blinded,and randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted from October 2017 to May 2020 in *** who underwent palliative endoscopic biliary drainage with self-expandable metal stents for malignant distal bile duct obstruction were enrolled,and allocated to ASA treatment or *** study outcomes were the rate of stent dysfunction at 6 months,duration of stent patency,risk factors for stent dysfunction,and any adverse ***:Interim analysis included 24 and 28 patients in the ASA and placebo groups,*** was no significant difference between the ASA and placebo groups in stent dysfunction(25.0%vs.20.7%,P=0.761)or the duration of stent patency(150.97±10.55 vs.158.07±8.70 days,P=0.497).Six patients experienced suspected ASA-related adverse events,and there was one lethal ***:ASA did not prolong stent *** study was terminated early because of the possibility of serious adverse events related to ASA treatment of these patients receiving palliative care.

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Self expandable metallic stents Randomized controlled trial Acetylsalicylic acid

Multidimensional Hybrid Architecture Encapsulating Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles into Carbon Nanotube Branched Nitrogen-Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Networks for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第2期5卷 555-564页

作者： Jeong Seok Yeon Young Hun Ko Tae ho Park Hyunyoung Park Jongsoon kim ho Seok Park School of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringSungkyunkwan University2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon-si Gyeonggi-do 440-746Korea Advanced Batteries Research Center Korea Electronics Technology Institute25Saenari-roBundang-guSeongnam-si Gyeonggi-do 13509Korea Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan University2066Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon-si Gyeonggi-do 440-746Korea Department of Health Sciences and Technology Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology(SAIHST)Sungkyunkwan University2066SeoburoJangan-guSuwon 440-746South Korea

Lithium–sulfur batteries(LSBs)are regarded as promising candidates for the next-generation energy storage devices owing to their high-theoretical capacity(1675 mAh g^(−1))and affordable ***,several limitations of LSBs such as the lithium polysulfide shuttle,large volume expansion,and low electrical conductivity of sulfur need to be resolved for practical *** address these limitations,herein,a multidimensional architectured hybrid(Co@CNT/nG),where Co_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles are encapsulated into threedimensional(3D)porous N-doped reduced graphene oxide interconnected with carbon nanotube(CNT)branches,is synthesized through a simple pyrolysis *** synergistic effect achieved through the homogeneously distributed and encapsulated Co_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles,the interconnected CNT branches,and the 3D hierarchical porous structure and N-doping of Co@CNT/nG significantly suppresses the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and enhances the conversion redox kinetics for the improved sulfur *** validate this effect through various measurements including symmetric cells,Li_(2)S nucleation,shuttle currents,Tafel slopes,diffusion coefficients,and post-mortem ***,Co@CNT/nG-70S-based LSB cells achieve a high-specific capacity of 1193.1 mAh g^(−1) at 0.1 C and a low capacity decay rate of 0.030%per cycle for 700 cycles at 5 C,delivering a high areal capacity of 5.62 mAh cm^(−2) even with a loading of 6.5 mg cm^(−2).

关键词： graphene/CNT hybrid lithium-sulfur batteries multidimensional architecture nanoparticle encapsulation redox promoter