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Pharmacotherapy in autism spectrum disorders,including promising older drugs warranting trials

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第6期13卷 262-277页

作者： jessica Hellings Department of Psychiatry University of Missouri-Kansas CityLee's SummitMO 64063United States

Available pharmacotherapies for autism spectrum disorders(ASD)are reviewed based on clinical and research experience,highlighting some older drugs with emerging *** medications show efficacy in ASD,though controlled studies in ASD are largely *** risperidone and aripiprazole have Federal Drug Administration approval in the United ***(MPH)studies showed lower efficacy and tolerability for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)than in the typically developing(TD)population;atomoxetine demonstrated lower efficacy but comparable tolerability to TD *** improved hyperactivity in ASD comparably to *** promises greater efficacy than MPH in *** medications reduce impulsive aggression in youth,and may also be key for this in *** trials of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors citalopram and fluoxetine demonstrated poor tolerability and lack of efficacy for repetitive *** of antiseizure medications in ASD remain inconclusive,however clinical trials may be warranted in severely disabled individuals showing bizarre *** identified drugs treat ASD core symptoms;oxytocin lacked *** and loxapine however,show *** at 5-10 mg daily resembled an atypical antipsychotic in positron emission tomography studies,but may be *** at approximately 1 mg/kg/day used cautiously,shows efficacy for sleep,anxiety,impulsivity and ADHD,repetitive behaviors,and *** drugs have promising neurotrophic properties.

关键词： Autism Pharmacotherapy Dextroamphetamine Loxapine Amitriptyline Minimally verbal Neurotrophic

Leptogenesis via a varying Weinberg operator:a semi-classical approach

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Chinese Physics C 2019年第3期43卷 22-28页

作者： Silvia Pascoli jessica Turner Ye-Ling Zhou Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology Department of PhysicsDurham UniversitySouth RoadDurham DH1 3LEUnited Kingdom Theoretical Physics Department Fermi National Accelerator LaboratoryP.O.Box 500BataviaIL 60510USA

In this paper, we introduce leptogenesis via a varying Weinberg operator from a semi-classical *** mechanism is motivated by the breaking of an underlying symmetry which triggers a phase transition that causes the coupling of the Weinberg operator to become dynamical. Consequently, a lepton anti-lepton asymmetry arises from the interference of the Weinberg operator at two different spacetime points. Using the semi-classical approach,we treat the Higgs as a background field and show that a reflection asymmetry between leptons and anti-leptons is generated in the vicinity of the bubble wall. We solve the equations of motion of the lepton and anti-lepton quasiparticles to obtain the final lepton asymmetry.

关键词： leptogenesis Weinberg operator phase transition

Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease:What is the real magnitude of the risk?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第29期18卷 3839-3848页

作者： jessica K Dyson Matthew D Rutter Gastroenterology North Tyneside General HospitalRake LaneNorth ShieldsTyne and Wear NE29 8NHUnited Kingdom University Hospital of North Tees Hardwick RoadStockton TS19 8PEUnited Kingdom

The association between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and colorectal cancer(CRC) has been recognised since 1925 and still accounts for 10%-15% of deaths in ***-associated CRC(IBD-CRC) affects patients at a younger age than sporadic *** prognosis for sporadic CRC and IBD-CRC is similar,with a 5-year survival of approximately 50%.Identifying at risk patients and implementing appropriate surveillance for these patients is central to managing the CRC risk in *** increased risk of colorectal cancer in association with IBD is thought to be due to genetic and acquired *** link between inflammation and cancer is well recognised but the molecular biology,immune pathobiology and genetics of IBD-CRC are areas of much ongoing *** review examines the literature relating to IBD-CRC,focusing on the incidence of IBD-CRC and examining potential risk factors including age at diagnosis,gender,duration and extent of colitis,severity of inflammation,family history of sporadic CRC and co-existent primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).Confirmed risk factors for IBD-CRC are duration,severity and extent of colitis,the presence of co-existent PSC and a family history of *** is insufficient evidence currently to support an increased frequency of surveillance for patients diagnosed with IBD at a younger ***-based guidelines advise surveillance colonoscopy for patients with colitis 8 to 10 years after diagnosis,with the interval for further surveillance guided by risk factors(extent of disease,family history of CRC,post-inflammatory polyps,concomitant PSC,personal history of colonic dysplasia,colonic strictures).There is a move away from using random colonic biopsies towards targeted biopsies aimed at abnormal areas identified by newer colonoscopic techniques(narrow band imaging,chromoendoscopy,confocal microendoscopy).

关键词： Colorectal cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Risk

Climate Change’s Role in Disaster Risk Reduction’s Future:Beyond Vulnerability and Resilience

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2015年第1期6卷 21-27页

作者： Ilan Kelman JC Gaillard jessica Mercer UCL Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction and UCL Institute for Global Health University College London Norwegian Institute of International Affairs(NUPI School of Environment The University of Auckland Secure Futures

A seminal policy year for development and sustainability occurs in 2015 due to three parallel processes that seek long-term agreements for climate change, the Sustainable Development Goals, and disaster risk *** reason exists to separate them, since all three examine and aim to deal with many similar processes, including vulnerability and resilience. This article uses vulnerability and resilience to explore the intersections and overlaps amongst climate change, disaster risk reduction, and sustainability. Critiquing concepts such as 'return to normal'and 'double exposure'demonstrate how separating climate change from wider contexts is counterproductive. Climate change is one contributor to disaster risk and one creeping environmental change amongst many, and not necessarily the most prominent or fundamental contributor. Yet climate change has become politically important, yielding an opportunity to highlight and tackle the deep-rooted vulnerability processes that cause 'multiple exposure'to multiple threats. To enhance resilience processes that deal with the challenges, a prudent place for climate changewould be as a subset within disaster risk reduction. Climate change adaptation therefore becomes one of many processes within disaster risk reduction. In turn, disaster risk reduction should sit within development and sustainability to avoid isolation from topics wider than disaster risk. Integration of the topics in this way moves beyond expressions of vulnerability and resilience towards a vision of disaster risk reduction’s future that ends tribalism and separation in order to work together to achieve common goals for humanity.

关键词： Adaptation Climate change Disaster risk reduction Mitigation Resilience Vulnerability

Quantifying relationships between subsidence and longwall face advance using DInSAR

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 91-94页

作者： Bailey S.Simmons jessica M.Wempen Department of Mining Engineering University of UtahUT 84112United States

Surface subsidence that results from longwall mining can be large magnitude and can affect significant *** methods for subsidence monitoring include leveling,global positioning system(GPS),and photogrammetric *** sensing techniques including,aerial LiDAR,terrestrial laser scanning,and satellite-based Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(DInSAR),are also used to measure deformation associated with *** data are different than data from conventional subsidence *** capture data over large areas(hundreds of kilometers),and each pixel(data point)in an image quantifies the average displacement over an area of square *** data can have fairly high time resolution;imaging periods typically range from weeks to *** data can be useful to monitor subsidence sequentially over short *** monitoring subsidence may help define if caving is progressing normally and can establish relationships between surface deformation and longwall face advance,which has potential to help quantify possible risks to mine *** this study,subsidence at a longwall trona mine is monitored over short periods,typically 12 days,as the longwall face is advanced through a panel.C-band interferometric wide swath synthetic aperture radar(SAR)images from the sentinel satellites are used to quantify the *** onset of subsidence occurs close in time to the beginning of the longwall face advance,and overall,the development of subsidence closely follows the longwall face advance.

关键词： DInSAR Subsidence Monitoring Longwall Trona

Polygonal finite element-based content-aware image warping

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Computational Visual Media 2023年第2期9卷 367-383页

作者： Juan Cao Xiaoyi Zhang Jiannan Huang Yongjie jessica Zhang School of Mathematical Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and High-Performance Scientific Computation Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA 15213USA

Mesh-based image warping techniques typically represent image deformation using linear functions on triangular meshes or bilinear functions on rectangular *** enables simple and efficient implementation,but in turn,restricts the representation capability of the deformation,often leading to unsatisfactory warping *** present a novel,flexible polygonal finite element(poly-FEM)method for content-aware image *** deformation is represented by high-order poly-FEMs on a content-aware polygonal mesh with a cell distribution adapted to saliency information in the source *** allows highly adaptive meshes and smoother warping with fewer degrees of freedom,thus significantly extending the flexibility and capability of the warping *** from the continuous formulation of image deformation,our polyFEM warping method is able to compute the optimal image deformation by minimizing existing or even newly designed warping energies consisting of penalty terms for specific *** demonstrate the versatility of the proposed poly-FEM warping method in representing different deformations and its superiority by comparing it to other existing state-ofthe-art methods.

关键词： image warping finite element method(FEM) polygonal element mesh generation

Circadian rhythms and inflammatory diseases of the liver and gut

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Liver Research 2023年第3期7卷 196-206页

作者： jessica M.Ferrell Department of Integrative Medical Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

Circadian rhythms play a central role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and orchestrating interorgan *** evidence indicates that disruption to rhythms,which occurs through shift work,chronic sleep disruption,molecular clock polymorphisms,or the consumption of alcohol or highfat diets,can influence inflammatory status and disrupt timing between the brain and periphery or between the body and the external *** the liver and gut,circadian rhythms direct the timing of glucose and lipid homeostasis,bile acid and xenobiotic metabolism,and nutrient absorption,making these systems particularly susceptible to the effects of disrupted *** this review,the impacts of circadian disruption will be discussed with emphasis on inflammatory conditions affecting the liver and gut,and the potential for chronotherapy for these conditions will be explored.

关键词： Circadian rhythm Liver Gut Inflammation Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) Alcohol-associated liver disease(AALD)

A low-cost PDGNSS-based sensor network for landslide monitoringchallenges,possibilities,and prospects

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2010年第4期3卷 365-383页

作者： jessica Glabsch Otto Heunecke Stefan Schuhbäck Institute of Geodesy University of the Federal Armed Forces of Germany in MunichWerner-Heisenberg-Weg 39D-85577 NeubibergGermany

Simple navigation receivers can be used for positioning with sub-centimeter accuracy in a wireless sensor network if the read-out of the carrier phase(CP)data is possible and all data are permanently broadcast to a central processing *** this base station an automated near real-time processing takes place and a precise differential GNSS-based positioning of the involved sensor nodes is *** paper describes the technical principles of such a system with its essential demands for the sensing,the communication,and the computing *** experiences in a research project related to landslide monitoring are *** course the developed system can also be embedded for location finding in a widespread multifunctional geo sensor *** quality of the obtained result is restricted due to the fact that the CP measurements must be recorded over a certain time span,usually a few minutes for every independent position *** far as possible a modular structure with commercial off-theshelf components,*** wireless local area network for communication,and in cooperation of existing proofed and powerful program tools is *** interfaces are used as far as possible.

关键词： low-cost precise differential GNSS(LC PDGNSS) near real-time processing(NRTP) wireless sensor networks(WSNs) geo sensor networks(GSNs) landslide monitoring data acquisition 1.Introduction Geodetic monitoring of building structures and

Putative nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits express differentially through the life cycle of codling moth, Cydia pomonella （Lepidoptera： Tortricidae）

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Insect Science 2016年第2期23卷 277-287页

作者： jessica A. Martin Stephen F. Garczynski USDA-ARS Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory Wapato WA 98951 USA

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors （nAChRs） are the targets of neonicotinoids and spinosads, two insecticides used in orchards to effectively control codling moth, Cydia pomonella （L.）（Lepidoptera： Tortricidae）. Orchardists in Washington State are concerned about the possibility of codling moth field populations developing resistance to these two insecticides. In an effort to help mitigate this issue, we initiated a project to identify and characterize codling moth nAChR subunits expressed in heads. This study had two main goals; （i） identify transcripts from a codling moth head transcriptome that encode for nAChR subunits, and （ii） determine nAChR subunit expression profiles in various life stages of codling moth. From a codling moth head transcriptome, 24 transcripts encoding for 12 putative nAChR subunit classes were identified and verified by PCR amplification, cloning, and sequence determination. Characterization of the deduced protein sequences encoded by putative nAChR transcripts revealed that they share the distinguishing features of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel superfamily with 9 α-type subunits and 3 β- type subunits identified. Phylogenetic analysis comparing these protein sequences to those of other insect nAChR subunits supports the identification of these proteins as nAChR subunits. Stage expression studies determined that there is clear differential expression of many of these subunits throughout the codling moth life cycle. The information from this study will be used in the future to monitor for potential target-site resistance mechanisms to neonicotinoids and spinosads in tolerant codling moth populations.

关键词： codling moth nAChR expression nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits