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Invasive black spiny-tailed iguanas(Ctenosaura similis)on Gasparilla Island,Florida,USA

Integrative Zoology 2014年第5期9卷 590-597页

作者： Michael L.AVERY Eric A.TILLMAN Conny SPURFELd Richard M.ENGEMAN Kelin P.MACIEJEWSKI jessica d.brown Emily A.FETZER United States department of Agriculture Wildlife Services(USDA-WS)National Wildlife Research CenterFlorida Field StationGainesvilleFloridaUSA USdA-WS GainesvilleFloridaUSA USdA-WS National Wildlife Research CenterFort CollinsColorado USA Berryman Institute Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMississippiUSA

The native range of Ctenosaura similis extends from southern Mexico through Panama. From an initial introduction of 3 animals in 1979, the species now numbers in the thousands on Gasparilla Island in southwest Florida. In response to complaints of property damage from residents and threats to native species, local officials and the US department of Agriculture Wildlife Services began a removal program in 2008. Through 2011, trappers removed 9467 ctenosaurs. The number removed declined from 32 iguanas/day in 2008 to 1.9 iguanas/day in 2011 despite no easing of the control effort. We necropsied 2757 ctenosaurs to document aspects of their natural history. Females outnumbered males overall, although the largest size class (>300 mm snout-vent length) included 32 males and just 2 females. Reproduction was seasonal. We found oviducal eggs in females from early Apr to early Jun, approximately 2 months later than C. similis in its native range. We trapped hatchlings from late Jul to early Oct coincident with the summer rainy season. Clutch size increased with female body size, with 62 being the largest clutch size recorded. In general, the biology of the invasive population on Gasparilla Island resembles native C. similis populations in Central America, except for the lack of large individuals. We suggest that shorter day length and colder temperatures create environmental conditions that are suboptimal for individual growth compared to those in the native range.

关键词： Ctenosaura similis Florida invasive reptile population control spiny-tailed iguana

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Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon C.Smith jessica L.Williams department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

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Multifaceted superoxide dismutase 1 expression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients:a rare occurrence?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 130-138页

作者： Ilaria Martinelli jessica Mandrioli Andrea Ghezzi Elisabetta Zucchi Giulia Gianferrari Cecilia Simonini Francesco Cavallieri Franco Valzania department of Neurosciences Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di ModenaModenaItaly Clinical and Experimental Medicine Ph.d.Program University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly department of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural SciencesUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly Neurology Unit Neuromotor&Rehabilitation DepartmentAzienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio EmiliaReggio EmiliaItaly

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a neuromuscular condition resulting from the progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the cortex,brainstem,and spinal *** the typical clinical phenotype of ALS involves both upper and lower motor neurons,human and animal studies over the years have highlighted the potential spread to other motor and non-motor regions,expanding the phenotype of *** superoxide dismutase 1(SOd1)mutations represent a minority of ALS cases,the SOd1 gene remains a milestone in ALS research as it represents the first genetic target for personalized *** numerous single case reports or case series exhibiting extramotor symptoms in patients with ALS mutations in SOd1(SOd1-ALS),no studies have comprehensively explored the full spectrum of extramotor neurological manifestations in this *** this narrative review,we analyze and discuss the available literature on extrapyramidal and non-motor features during *** multifaceted expression of SOd1 could deepen our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms,pointing towards a multidisciplinary approach for affected patients in light of new therapeutic strategies for SOd1-ALS.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) autonomic extramotor genotype-phenotype multisystem involvement Parkinson’s disease sensory SOd1 superoxide dismutase 1 urinary vocal cord palsy

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Translational Bioinformatics: Past, Present, and Future

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2016年第1期14卷 31-41页

作者： jessica d.Tenenbaum department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Duke University School of Medicine

Though a relatively young discipline, translational bioinformatics （TBI） has become a key component of biomedical research in the era of precision medicine. development of high-throughput technologies and electronic health records has caused a paradigm shift in both healthcare and biomedical research. Novel tools and methods are required to convert increasingly voluminous datasets into information and actionable knowledge. This review provides a definition and contex- tualization of the term TBI, describes the discipline＇s brief history and past accomplishments, as well as current loci, and concludes with predictions of future directions in the field.

关键词： Translational bioinformatics Biomarkers Genomics Precision medicine Personalized medicine

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Immuno-oncology combinations： raising the tail of the survival curve

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第2期13卷 171-193页

作者： Samuel J. Harris jessica brown Juanita Lopez Timothy A. Yap drug development Unit Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research London SM2 5PT UK Lung Unit Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research London SM2 5PT UK

There have been exponential gains in immuno-oncology in recent times through the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Already approved by the U.S. Food and drug Administration for advanced melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer,immune checkpoint inhibitors also appears to have significant antitumor activity in multiple other tumor types. An exciting component of immunotherapy is the durability of antitumor responses observed, with some patients achieving disease control for many years. Nevertheless, not all patients benefit, and efforts should thus now focus on improving the efficacy of immunotherapy through the use of combination approaches and predictive biomarkers of response and resistance. There are multiple potential rational combinations using an immunotherapy backbone, including existing treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy or molecularly targeted agents, as well as other immunotherapeutics. The aim of such antitumor strategies will be to raise the tail on the survival curve by increasing the number of long term survivors, while managing any additive or synergistic toxicities that may arise with immunotherapy combinations. Rational trial designs based on a clear understanding of tumor biology and drug pharmacology remain paramount. This article reviews the biology underpinning immuno-oncology, discusses existing and novel immunotherapeutic combinations currently in development, the challenges of predictive biomarkers of response and resistance and the impact of immuno-oncology on early phase clinical trial design.

关键词： Combination drug therapy oncology clinical trials Pd-1 Pd-L1 CTLA4 biomarkers immunotherapy

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Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease:What is the real magnitude of the risk?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第29期18卷 3839-3848页

作者： jessica K dyson Matthew d Rutter Gastroenterology North Tyneside General HospitalRake LaneNorth ShieldsTyne and Wear NE29 8NHUnited Kingdom University Hospital of North Tees Hardwick RoadStockton TS19 8PEUnited Kingdom

The association between inflammatory bowel disease(IBd) and colorectal cancer(CRC) has been recognised since 1925 and still accounts for 10%-15% of deaths in ***-associated CRC(IBd-CRC) affects patients at a younger age than sporadic *** prognosis for sporadic CRC and IBd-CRC is similar,with a 5-year survival of approximately 50%.Identifying at risk patients and implementing appropriate surveillance for these patients is central to managing the CRC risk in *** increased risk of colorectal cancer in association with IBd is thought to be due to genetic and acquired *** link between inflammation and cancer is well recognised but the molecular biology,immune pathobiology and genetics of IBd-CRC are areas of much ongoing *** review examines the literature relating to IBd-CRC,focusing on the incidence of IBd-CRC and examining potential risk factors including age at diagnosis,gender,duration and extent of colitis,severity of inflammation,family history of sporadic CRC and co-existent primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).Confirmed risk factors for IBd-CRC are duration,severity and extent of colitis,the presence of co-existent PSC and a family history of *** is insufficient evidence currently to support an increased frequency of surveillance for patients diagnosed with IBd at a younger ***-based guidelines advise surveillance colonoscopy for patients with colitis 8 to 10 years after diagnosis,with the interval for further surveillance guided by risk factors(extent of disease,family history of CRC,post-inflammatory polyps,concomitant PSC,personal history of colonic dysplasia,colonic strictures).There is a move away from using random colonic biopsies towards targeted biopsies aimed at abnormal areas identified by newer colonoscopic techniques(narrow band imaging,chromoendoscopy,confocal microendoscopy).

关键词： Colorectal cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Risk

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Large-diameter trees and deadwood correspond with belowground ectomycorrhizal fungal richness

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 31-45页

作者： Joseph d.Birch James A.Lutz Soren Struckman jessica R.Miesel Justine Karst department of Plant Soil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State University1066 Bogue StreetEast LansingMI 48824USA department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center Utah State University5230 Old Main HillLoganUT 84322-5230USA department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta751 General Services BuildingEdmontonAB T6G 2H1Canada

Background: Large-diameter trees have an outsized influence on aboveground forest dynamics, composition, and structure. Although their influence on aboveground processes is well studied, their role in shaping belowground fungal communities is largely unknown. We sought to test if (i) fungal community spatial structure matched aboveground forest structure;(ii) fungal functional guilds exhibited differential associations to aboveground trees, snags, and deadwood;and (iii) that large-diameter trees and snags have a larger influence on fungal community richness than smaller-diameter trees. We used MiSeq sequencing of fungal communities collected from soils in a spatially intensive survey in a portion of Cedar Breaks National Monument, Utah, USA. We used random forest models to explore the spatial structure of fungal communities as they relate to explicitly mapped trees and deadwood distributed across 1.15 ha of a 15.32-ha mapped subalpine forest. Results: We found 6,177 fungal amplicon sequence variants across 117 sequenced samples. Tree diameter, dead-wood presence, and tree species identity explained more than twice as much variation (38.7% vs. 10.4%) for ectomy-corrhizal composition and diversity than for the total or saprotrophic fungal communities. Species identity and dis-tance to the nearest large-diameter tree (≥ 40.2 cm) were better predictors of fungal richness than were the identity and distance to the nearest tree. Soil nutrients, topography, and tree species differentially influenced the composition and diversity of each fungal guild. Locally rare tree species had an outsized influence on fungal community richness. Conclusions: These results highlight that fungal guilds are differentially associated with the location, size, and species of aboveground trees. Large-diameter trees are implicated as drivers of belowground fungal diversity, particularly for ectomycorrhizal fungi.

关键词： Belowground ecology Ectomycorrhizal fungi Pinus flexilis Pinus longaeva Saprotrophic fungi Smithsonian ForestGEO Spatial dynamics Utah Forest dynamics Plot

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Hepatitis B in healthcare workers: Transmission events and guidance for management

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 488-497页

作者： jessica d Lewis Kyle B Enfield Costi d Sifri division of Infectious diseases and International Health Department of Medicine University of Virginia Health System division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine University of Virginia Health System Office of Hospital Epidemiology/Infection Prevention and Control University of Virginia Health System

Hepatitis B virus(HBV) is the most efficiently transmissible of the bloodborne viruses that are important in healthcare settings. Healthcare workers(HCWs)are at risk for exposure to HBV from infected patients and, if infected, are similarly at risk of transmitting HBV to patients. Published cases of HBV transmission from HCW to patient are relatively rare, having decreased in frequency following the introduction of standard(universal) precautions, adoption of enhanced percutaneous injury precautions such as double-gloving in surgery, and routine HBV vaccination of HCWs. Here we review published cases of HCW-to-patient transmission of HBV, details of which have helped to guide the creation of formal guidelines for the management of HBV-infected HCWs. We also compare the published guidelines for the management of HBV-infected HCWs from various governing bodies, focusing on their differences with regard to vaccination requirements, viral load limits, frequency of monitoring, and restrictions on practice. Importantly, while there are differences among the recommendations from governing bodies, no guidelines uniformly restrict HBV-infected HCWs from performing invasive or exposure-prone procedures.

关键词： Hepatitis B Healthcare worker Blood-bornepathogens Transmission Invasive procedures

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Connecting brain and body:Transdiagnostic relevance of connective tissue variants to neuropsychiatric symptom expression

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第10期11卷 805-820页

作者： Harriet Emma Clare Sharp Hugo d Critchley jessica A Eccles department of Medical Neuroscience Brighton and Sussex Medical SchoolUniversity of SussexBrighton BN19PXEast SussexUnited Kingdom department of Psychiatry Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation TrustWorthingBN133EPWest SussexUnited Kingdom

The mind is embodied;thoughts and feelings interact with states of physiological arousal and physical integrity of the *** this context,there is mounting evidence for an association between psychiatric presentations and the expression variant connective tissue,commonly recognised as joint *** hypermobility is common,frequently under-recognised,significantly impacts quality of life,and can exist in isolation or as the hallmark of hypermobility spectrum disorders(encompassing joint hypermobility syndrome and hypermobile Ehlers-danlos syndrome).In this narrative review,we appraise the current evidence linking psychiatric disorders across the lifespan,beginning with the relatively well-established connection with anxiety,to *** next consider emerging associations with affective illnesses,eating disorders,alongside less well researched links with personality disorders,substance misuse and *** then review related findings relevant to neurodevelopmental disorders and stress-sensitive medical *** growing understanding of mind-body interactions,we discuss potential aetiopathogenetic contributions of dysautonomia,aberrant interoceptive processing,immune dysregulation and proprioceptive impairments in the context of psychosocial stressors and genetic *** examine clinical implications of these evolving findings,calling for increased awareness amongst healthcare professionals of the transdiagnostic nature of hypermobility and related disorders.A role for early screening and detection of hypermobility in those presenting with mental health and somatic symptoms is further highlighted,with a view to facilitate preventative approaches alongside longer-term holistic management ***,suggestions are offered for directions of future scientific exploration which may be key to further delineating fundamental mind-body-brain interactions.

关键词： Joint hypermobility Hypermobile Ehlers-danlos syndrome Psychopathology Psychiatric disorders Neurodevelopmental disorders Mind-body relations

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deciphering the role of PGC-1α in neurological disorders: from mitochondrial dysfunction to synaptic failure

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 237-245页

作者： jessica d.Panes Aline Wendt Oscar Ramirez-Molina Patricio A.Castro Jorge Fuentealba Laboratorio de Screening de Compuestos Neuroactivos(LSCN) Departamento de FisiologiaFacultad de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile Centro de Investigaciones Avanzadas en Biomedicina(CIAB-UdeC) Facultad de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile departamento de Fisiologia Facultad de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile

The onset and mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases remain uncertain. The main features of neurodegenerative diseases have been related with cellular and molecular events like neuronal loss, mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant accumulation of misfolded proteins or peptides in specific areas of the brain. The most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases belonging to age-related pathologies are Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Interestingly, mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed to occur during the early onset of several neuropathological events associated to neurodegenerative diseases. The master regulator of mitochondrial quality control and energetic metabolism is the transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha(PGC-1α). Additionally, it has been observed that PGC-1α appears to be a key factor in maintaining neuronal survival and synaptic transmission. In fact, PGC-1α downregulation in different brain areas(hippocampus, substantia nigra, cortex, striatum and spinal cord) that occurs in function of neurological damage including oxidative stress, neuronal loss, and motor disorders has been seen in several animal and cellular models of neurodegenerative diseases. Current evidence indicates that PGC-1α upregulation may serve as a potent therapeutic approach against development and progression of neuronal damage. Remarkably, increasing evidence shows that PGC-1α deficient mice have neurodegenerative diseases-like features, as well as neurological abnormalities. Finally, we discuss recent studies showing novel specific PGC-1α isoforms in the central nervous system that appear to exert a key role in the age of onset of neurodegenerative diseases and have a neuroprotective function in the central nervous system, thus opening a new molecular strategy for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-t

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Huntington's disease mitochondrial dysfunction Parkinson's disease PGC-1α synaptic function vascular dementia

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