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Antibiotic-loaded phosphatidylcholine inhibits staphylococcal bone infection

World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第8期7卷 467-474页

作者： jessica amber jennings Karen E Beenken Robert A Skinner Daniel G Meeker Mark S Smeltzer Warren O Haggard Karen S Troxel Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MemphisMemphisTN 38152United States Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Arkansas Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205United States Jamesport NY 11947United States Zimmer Biomet WarsawIN 46581United States

AIM: To test antibiotic-loaded coating for efficacy in reducing bacterial biofilm and development of osteomyelitis in an orthopaedic model of implant infection. METHODS: Phosphatidylcholine coatings loaded with 25% vancomycin were applied to washed and sterilized titanium wires 20 mm in length. A 10 mm segment was removed from rabbit radius(total = 9; 5 coated, 4 uncoated), and the segment was injected with 1 × 106 colony forming units(CFUs) of Staphylococcus aureus(UAMS-1 strain). Titanium wires were inserted throughthe intramedullary canal of the removed segment and into the proximal radial segment and the segment was placed back into the defect. After 7 d, limbs were removed, X-rayed, swabbed for tissue contamination. Wires were removed and processed to determine attached CFUs. Tissue was swabbed and streaked on agar plates to determine bacteriological ***: Antibiotic-loaded coatings resulted in significantly reduced biofilm formation(4.7 fold reduction in CFUs; P < 0.001) on titanium wires and reduced bacteriological score in surrounding tissue(4.0 ± 0 for uncoated, 1.25 ± 0.5 for coated; P = 0.01). Swelling and pus formation was evident in uncoated controls at the 7 d time point both visually and radiographically, but not in antibiotic-loaded ***: Active antibiotic was released from coated implants and significantly reduced signs of osteomyelitic symptoms. Implant coatings were well tolerated in bone. Further studies with additional control groups and longer time periods are warranted. Antibiotic-loaded phosphatidylcholine coatings applied at the point of care could prevent implant-associated infection in orthopaedic defects.

关键词： Biofilm Implant Drug delivery coating Antibiotic Orthopaedic infection

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Comment on“In vivo flow cytometry reveals a circadian rhythm of circulating tumor cells”

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第10期10卷 1998-1999页

作者： amber L.Williams jessica E.Fitzgerald Fernando Ivich Eduardo DSontag Mark Niedre Department of Bioengineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Dear Editor,Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are instrumental in hematogenous metastasis and are widely studied using liquid biopsy *** involve analysis and characterization of CTCs from fractionally small blood samples drawn from *** biopsy implicitly assumes that the number and phenotypical distribution of CTCs in small blood samples is representative of the full peripheral blood volume,and furthermore that CTC numbers are approximately constant over the days and hours surrounding the blood draw.

关键词： biopsy metastasis furthermore

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Evaluation of a chitosan-polyethylene glycol paste as a local antibiotic delivery device

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世界骨科杂志：英文版 2017年第2期8卷 130-141页

作者： Cheyenne S Rhodes Christopher M Alexander Joel M Berretta Harry S Courtney Karen E Beenken Mark S Smeltzer Joel D Bumgardner Warren O Haggard J amber jennings Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Memphis Department of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science CenterVeterans Affairs Medical Center Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

AIM To investigate the efficacy of a chitosan/polyethylene glycol blended paste as a local antibiotic delivery device, particularly in musculoskeletal *** Acidic(A) chitosan sponges and neutralized(N) chitosan/polyethylene glycol(PEG) blended sponges were combined in ratios of 3A:2N, 1A:1N, and 2A:3N; then hydrated with phosphate buffered saline to form a chitosan/PEG paste(CPP). Both in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to determine the potential CPP has as a local antibiotic delivery device. In vitro biocompatibility was assessed by the cytotoxic response of fibroblast cells exposed to the experimental groups. Degradation rate was measured as the change in dry mass due to lysozyme based degradation over a 10-d period. The antibiotic elution profiles and eluate activity of CPP were evaluated over a 72-h period. To assess the in vivo antimicrobial efficacy of the CPP, antibiotic-loaded paste samples were exposed to subcutaneously implanted murine catheters inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus. Material properties of the experimental paste groups were evaluated by testing the ejection force from a syringe, as well as the adhesion to representative musculoskeletal tissue *** The highly acidic CPP group, 3A:2N, displayed significantly lower cell viability than the control sponge group. The equally distributed group, 1A:1N, and the highly neutral group, 2A:3N, displayed similar cell viability to the control sponge group and are deemed biocompatible. The degradation studies revealed CPP is more readily degradable than the chitosan sponge control group. The antibiotic activity studies indicated the CPP groups released antibiotics at a constant rate and remained above the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the respective test bacteria for a longer time period than the control chitosan sponges, as well as displaying a minimized burst release. The in vivo functional model resulted in complete bacterial infection prevention in all catheters tr

关键词： Chitosan Polyethylene glycol Paste Local antibiotic delivery Biofilm Bacterial infection

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Kinetics of <i>Candida albicans</i>and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Biofilm Initiation on Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2) Infected Cells

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Advances in Microbiology 2020年第11期10卷 583-598页

作者： Balbina J. Plotkin Ira M. Sigar amber Kaminski jessica Kreamer Brent Ito Joan Kacmar Department of Microbiology and Immunology Midwestern University Downers Grove USA

This study examines the kinetics of S. aureus and C. albicans adherence as it relates to HSV replication and corresponding dynamic display of shared receptors. HeLa cells infected for various times with HSV-1 gL86 or HSV-2 333gJ-(MOI 50) were incubated with S. aureus ATCC 25923 or C. albicans yeast and CFU measured. Over time, S. aureus adherence to HSV-1 infected cells was relatively stable for 45 min then decreased to 0.8 of virus-free control, before cycling at 15-to-30 min intervals. In contrast, staphylococcal adherence to HSV-2 infected cells proceeded at a more gradual rate, increasing to control levels at ~105 min before decreasing to a nadir at 165 min. Yeast adherence to HSV-1 infected cells remained relatively unchanged for the first 75 min then increased 2-fold before returning to its original level. This pattern is repeated over the next 90 min. While a similar pattern with C. albicans and HSV-2 was measured, it occurred more rapidly. Our model shows that while the interaction of both HSV-1 and HSV-2 with S. aureus is both dynamic and inhibitory, C. albicans interaction with HSV-2 is more permissive than HSV-1. However, the interaction of both microbes with HSV-infected cells in this model system appears to be independent of α5B1, CD36 and HSP60 viral-regulated receptor expression. These findings indicate that microbiome interactions across taxonomic kingdoms are more complex than previously thought.

关键词： Polymicrobic Microbiome Biofilm Adherence Herpes Simplex Virus Staphylococcus aureus Candida albicans

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The Breast Cancer Lifestyle Intervention Pilot Study

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第12期5卷 1031-1038页

作者： Elizabeth Kern Jennifer Chun Shira Schwartz jessica Billig Erica Friedman Martha Eddy Deirdre Kiely amber Guth Deborah Axelrod Freya Schnabel Department of Surgery New York University Langone Medical Center New York USA School of Medicine New York University Langone Medical Center New York USA Moving for Life New York USA

Purpose: Weight loss after breast cancer diagnosis has been associated with a decrease in risk of breast cancer recurrence and mortality. The purpose of this study is to examine the barriers, acceptance, and sustainability of an exercise intervention program offered at our institution to overweight women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. Methods: The Breast Cancer Database was queried for women newly diagnosed with breast cancer and a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2. Eligible patients participated in the Moving for Life (MFL) exercise program for 16 sessions. Questionnaires were administered. Statistical analyses included descriptives and paired t-tests to summarize patient characteristics and assess changes over time. Results: Of 40 patients, 22 declined, 18 consented and 13 (72%) completed the study. The mean age was 61 years (range: 38 - 76). The mean BMI was 31 kg/m2. After the intervention, there was a decrease in weight and BMI (p?= 0.04). The average weight loss was 10 lbs. Participants reported greater enjoyment of exercise (p?= 0.02) and decreased pain related to treatment (p?= 0.05). These initial positive results were not maintained after 6 months and 1 year. Conclusions: The MFL intervention had a high rate of acceptance among overweight women newly diagnosed with breast cancer. These results demonstrated significant benefits of exercise immediately after cancer diagnosis and highlight the importance of developing sustainable lifestyle interventions. Interventions targeted at modifiable lifestyle factors in women with early stage disease may provide benefit that is comparable to certain adjuvant systemic therapies. Therefore, adjuvant lifestyle interventions supported by clinicians may improve breast cancer survival outcomes.

关键词： Breast Cancer Lifestyle Intervention Obesity

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