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Deciphering the Origin of Abiotic Organic Compounds on Earth:Review and Future Prospects

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第1期97卷 288-308页

作者： WANG Chao TAO Renbiao jesse b.walters REN Tianshi NAN Jingbo ZHANG Lifei MOE Key Laboratory of Orogenic belts and Crustal Evolution School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research(HPSTAR) Beijing 100094China Institut für Geowissenschaften Goethe-Universität FrankfurtFrankfurt am Main 60438Germany Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

The geologic production of abiotic organic compounds has been the subject of increasing scientific attention due to their use in the global carbon flux balance,by chemosynthetic biological communities,and for energy *** analysis of methane(CH_(4))and other organics in diverse geologic settings,combined with thermodynamic modelings and laboratory simulations,have yielded insights into the distribution of specific abiotic organic molecules on Earth and the favorable conditions and pathways under which they *** updated and comprehensive review summarizes published results of petrological,thermodynamic,and experimental investigations of possible pathways for the formation of particular species of abiotic simple hydrocarbon molecules such as CH_(4),and of complex hydrocarbon systems,e.g.,long-chain hydrocarbons and even solid carbonaceous matters,in various geologic processes,distinguished into three classes:(1)pre-to early planetary processes;(2)mantle and magmatic processes;and(3)the gas/water-rock reaction processes in low-pressure ultramafic rock and high-pressure subduction zone *** not only emphasize how organics are abiotically synthesized but also explore the role or changes of organics in evolutionary geological environments after synthesis,such as phase transitions or organic-mineral ***,there is an urgent need to explore the diversity of abiotic organic compounds prevailing on Earth.

关键词： abiotic hydrocarbons high P-T methane abiotic solid organic compounds deep carbon cycle

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大洋俯冲带形成非生物甲烷的P-T-?O2条件：来自岩石学、高温高压实验和热力学模拟的综合限定

大洋俯冲带形成非生物甲烷的P-T-?O2条件：来自岩石学、高温高压...

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作者：王超任泸安 jesse b.walters 兰春元南景博陶仁彪张立飞

俯冲作用是链接地表及深部碳循环的关键地质过程。前人关于俯冲带碳循环的研究主要聚焦在温度、压力对含碳相稳定性及其相转变的影响上。然而,碳元素具有广泛的氧化还原状态:如碳酸盐中的+4价碳,石墨或金刚石的0价碳,以及甲烷中的-4价碳... 详细信息

俯冲作用是链接地表及深部碳循环的关键地质过程。前人关于俯冲带碳循环的研究主要聚焦在温度、压力对含碳相稳定性及其相转变的影响上。然而,碳元素具有广泛的氧化还原状态:如碳酸盐中的+4价碳,石墨或金刚石的0价碳,以及甲烷中的-4价碳,因此,氧化还原环境的演化对俯冲带含碳相的存在形式也具有显著的影响。目前大多数研究认为板片衍生的含碳流体是氧化的CO流体,然而,

关键词：岩石学非生物生物甲烷 P-T 大洋俯冲带高温高压实验热力学模拟

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大洋俯冲带形成非生物甲烷的P-T-?O2条件：来自变质岩石学、高温高压实验和热力学模拟的综合限定

大洋俯冲带形成非生物甲烷的P-T-?O2条件：来自变质岩石学、高温...

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2022年中国地球科学联合学术年会

作者：王超任泸安 jesse b.walters 兰春元南景博陶仁彪张立飞北京大学地球与空间科学学院北京高压科学研究中心中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院 Goethe Universit?t 南方科技大学海洋科学与工程系

俯冲作用是链接地表及深部碳循环的关键地质过程。前人关于俯冲带碳循环的研究主要聚焦在温度、压力对含碳相稳定性及其相转变的影响上。然而,碳元素具有广泛的氧化还原状态:如碳酸盐中的+4价碳,石墨或金刚石中0价碳,以及甲烷中的-4价碳...

俯冲作用是链接地表及深部碳循环的关键地质过程。前人关于俯冲带碳循环的研究主要聚焦在温度、压力对含碳相稳定性及其相转变的影响上。然而,碳元素具有广泛的氧化还原状态:如碳酸盐中的+4价碳,石墨或金刚石中0价碳,以及甲烷中的-4价碳,因此,氧化还原环境的演化对俯冲带含碳相的存在形式也具有显著的影响。目前大多数研究认为板片衍生的含碳流体是氧化的CO流体,然而,近年来在阿尔卑斯高压蛇纹岩以及西南天山高压榴辉岩中报道的CH流体包裹体（Tao et al., 2018;Vitale brovaron et al., 2020）,都揭示了俯冲大洋板片存在低氧逸度环境并导致非生物甲烷的形成。了解这些俯冲带深部非生物甲烷产生的地质过程对于理解深部能源和深部生命演化至关重要。

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Visit with a Tramp

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语言教育 1998年第4期 39-40页

作者： Lola b.walters Rexburg Idaho 谢琼

I was“swinging on the front gate,trying to decidewhether to walk down the street to play with Verna,my bestfriend in fifth grade,when I saw a tramp come up the road.“Hello,little girl,”he said.“Is your mama at home?”I nodded and swung the gate open to let him in the *** looked like all the tramps who came to our house from thehobo camp by the river during the Great *** shag-

关键词： Depression street river trying night bread anything mother nothing think

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Rotational asymmetry of reactant concentration and its evolution in a circulating fluidized bed riser

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Particuology 2012年第5期10卷 573-581页

作者： Ajay K.Ray Madhumita b.Ray jesse Zhu Department of Chemical and biochemical Engineering The University of Western OntarioLondonOntario N6A 5B9 Canada

Rotational asymmetric distribution of reactant （ozone） concentration and its evolution along with the gas-solid reactive flow were studied in a 76 mm i.d., 10.2 m high circulating fluidized bed （CFb） riser reactor. The superficial gas velocity ranged from 3 to 5 m/s and the solids circulation rates were 50 and 100 kg/（m2 s）. Experimental results show that the asymmetry of reactant distribution can extend to a height close to the length of flow developing zone of the CFb riser reactor and then disappears. based on the hydrodynamics of the gas and solid phases in the solids entrance region, this asymmetry can be attributed to the effect of the solids entrance structure.

关键词： Circulating fluidized bedsRiserOzone decompositionRotational asymmetry

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Circulating turbulent fluidization-A new fluidization regime or just a transitional phenomenon

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Particuology 2010年第6期8卷 640-644页

作者： jesse Zhu Particle Technology Research Centre and Department of Chemical and biochemical Engineering University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioN6A 5B9Canada

While circulating fluidized bed （CFb） reactor has many advantages over the more conventional turbulent fluidized bed （TFb） reactor, it does at least have one significant shortcoming-the rather dilute solids volume concentration in CFb reactor gives rise to less ideal reaction intensity. On the other hand, while having higher reaction intensity, TFb reactor has one fatal drawback of particle back-mixing, making it not suitable for certain reactions such as catalytic reaction where the catalyst requires frequent regeneration. This paper describes some key issues in the development of a circulating turbulent fluidized bed （CTFb） reactor that combines the advantages of both TFb and CFb, that is, to have the high reaction intensity as in TFb but and also to have a suppressed solids back-mixing as in CFb due to a continuous net upflow of solids flux through the bed. Experimental results show enough evidence to suggest that a new fluidization regime is formed, the characteristics of which appears to be distinct from those observed in a regular TFb and from those in either the bottom or the upper sections of regular CFb and/or high-density CFb （HDCFb）. Fundamentally, the difference is that particle-particle interaction （collision） dominates the motion of particles in CTFb and TFb, while gas-particle interaction （drag force） is the key element that determines the two phase flow in CFb including HDCFb.

关键词： Circulating-turbulent fluidized bed Flow regime Circulating-turbulent fluidizationTurbulent fluidized bed Circulating fluidized bed

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Plasmonic mode mixing in nanoparticle dimers with nm-separations via substrate-mediated coupling

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Nano Research 2014年第9期7卷 1344-1354页

作者： jesse Theiss Mehmet Aykol Prathamesh Pavaskar Stephen b. Cronin Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

We fabricate arrays of metallic nanoparticle dimers with nanometer separation using electron beam lithography and angle evaporation. These ＂nanogap＂ dimers are fabricated on thin silicon nitride membranes to enable high resolution transmission electron microscope imaging of the specific nanoparticle geometries. Plasmonic resonances of the pairs are characterized by dark-field scattering micro-spectroscopy, which enables the optical scattering from individual nano- structures to be measured by using a spatially-filtered light source to illuminate a small area. Scattering spectra from individual dimers are correlated with transmis- sion electron microscope images and finite-difference time-domain simulations of their electromagnetic response, with excellent agreement between simulation and experiment. We observe a strong polarization dependence with two dominant scattering peaks in spectra taken with the polarization aligned along the dimer axis. This response arises from a unique Fano interference, in which the bright hybridized modes of an asymmetric dimer are able to couple to the dark higher- order hybridized modes through substrate-mediated coupling. The presence of this interference is strongly dependent on the nanoparticle geometry that defines the plasmon energy profile but also on the intense localization of charge at the dielectric surface in the nanogap region for separations smaller than 6 nm.

关键词： plasmonics fano interference transmission electron microscopy (TEM) nanogapdark-field spectroscopy

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一个流浪汉的来访

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校园英语（初三版） 2009年第1期 8-9页

作者： Lola b.walters 谢琼

我正在院前的栅栏门上打悠悠，拿不定主意要不要到街那头去找维娜（我五年级最要好的朋友）玩，这时我看见一个流浪汉沿着马路朝我家走来。

关键词：初中英语教学材料阅读教学

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Preamble for special issue honouring Professor Mooson Kwauk

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Particuology 2010年第6期8卷 491-492页

作者： jesse Zhu Department of Chemical and biochemical Engineering University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada N6A 5B9

Two years after assuming a new name and format change, the year 2010 marks the 8th anniversary of Particuology. To commemorate this special occasion for the journal, the thematic editors met in Montreal at the 8th World Congress of Chemical Engineering and decided to compile a truly special issue. Instead of producing another ＂conventional＂ special issue of the more ＂regular＂ research papers on some given subjects, we have decided to take a more innovative format for this issue to present short discussion papers that provide quick overviews of the current status of selected subiects and then discuss forward thinking for the future.

关键词： Preamble for special issue honouring Professor Mooson Kwauk EMMS very

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Cluster identification using image processing

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Particuology 2015年第6期13卷 16-24页

作者： Jingsi Yang jesse Zhu Particle Technology Research Centre Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of Western Ontario London Ontario N6A 5B9Canada

by closely examining hue, saturation and value （HSV） images of the solids holdup distribution in a riser, it can be seen that a ＂cluster＂ is the combination of a relatively stable core cluster of the highest solids holdups and constantly changing cluster clouds of solids holdups that are higher than the dilute phase. based on this analysis, a threshold selection method maximizing the inter-class variance between the background and foreground classes is introduced. A systematic cluster identification process is therefore proposed that：（｜） applies the threshold selection method to obtain the critical solids holdup threshold ~c to discriminate dense and dilute phases and （2） applies the method again in the dense phase regions to obtain the cluster solids holdup threshold Ssct that identifies the core clusters. Using this systematic process, clusters of different shapes and sizes and a relatively clear boundary can be visualized clearly and identified accurately. Using ~sct, the core cluster fraction is calculated by dividing the total number of pixels in the core cluster by the total number of image pixels. The variation of the core cluster fraction according to operating conditions is also discussed.

关键词： Cluster identification Image processingCluster fractionRectangular circulating fluidized bed riser

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