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Context-dependent insect predation pressure on an avian ectoparasite

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Insect Science 2023年第6期30卷 1784-1797页

作者： Angela Salido jesús Veiga Joaquín Luis Reyes-López Francisco Valera Department of Botany Ecology and Plant PhysiologyUniversity of CórdobaCórdobaSpain Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva Estación Experimental de ZonasÁridas(EEZA-CSIC)AlmeríaSpain Department of Parasitology University of GranadaGranadaSpain MEMEG Department of BiologyLund UniversityLundSweden

Context dependence arises when ecological relationships vary with the conditions under which they are observed. Context dependence of interactions involving parasites is poorly known, even if it is key to understanding host–parasite relationships and food web dynamics. This paper investigates to which extent predation pressure on an avian ectoparasite (Carnus hemapterus) is context-dependent. Based on a predator-exclusion experiment, predation pressure on C. hemapterus pupae in the host's nest for 3 years, and its variation between habitat types are quantified. Variation in precipitation and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is also explored as a likely cause of context dependency. We hypothesize that predation pressure should fluctuate with such surrogates of food availability, so that inter-annual and intra-annual differences may emerge. The number of nests with significant reduction of pupae varied widely among years ranging from 24% to 75%. However, average pupae reduction in nests where a significant reduction occurred did not vary between years. No differences in predation rates between habitat types were detected. Precipitation and NDVI varied widely between years and NDVI was consistently lower around nests on cliffs than around nests on trees and farmhouses. Parallels were found between variation in predation pressure and precipitation/NDVI at a wide scale (highest predation the driest year, and much lower the 2 rainier ones), but not at the nest scale. This paper shows clear context-dependent insect predation pressure on an ectoparasite under natural conditions, and that such interaction changes in signs rather than magnitude between years. The causes for these variations require longer-term studies and/or well-designed, large-scale experiments.

关键词： ants arid areas Carnus hemapterus consumer-resource interaction ecosys-tem productivity predator-parasite rainfall

Characterization by EBSD of Antimony-calcium Rich Phases Formed during Purification of Aluminum Scrap

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2013年第4期28卷 647-649页

作者： MUIZ Rodrigo FLORES Alfredo ORTIZ Juan RODRíGUEZ Nelly MARTíNEZ Fernando LUNA jesús OROZCO Pilar Faculty of Engineering Autonomous University of Coahuila Camporedondo Unit CINVESTAV Saltillo Unit Department of Metal Mechanics Technological Institute of Saltillo Faculty of Engineering Autonomous University of Zacatecas

We studied the influence of antimony on the modification rate of the silicon eutectic with sodium and/or strontium for castiig of A1-Si alloys, and introduced controlled Ca and Sb to the system and studied the resulting compounds, which were determined to be CazSb and A1Sb. Scanning electron microscopy together with the complementary technique of electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD） were used to characterize the materials. The experimental results provided the basis for us to establish that antimony removal from AI occurs mainly through the reaction （Sb）A1 ＋ 2Ca = Ca^Sb ＋ A1.

关键词： aluminum alloys antimony contamination modification

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Dual-targeted lung cancer therapy via inhalation delivery of UCNP-siRNA-AS1411 nanocages

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第7期19卷 1047-1060页

作者： Yu Han Yuming Yang Qiuyang Sun Bin Li Caixia Yue Yanlei Liu jesús M.de la Fuente Daxiang Cui Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of the Ministry of EducationShanghai Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment InstrumentDepartment of Instrument Science&EngineeringSchool of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China National Engineering Center for Nanotechnology Collaborative Innovational Center for System BiologyShanghai 200241China Department of Neurosurgery Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon(INA) Universidad de ZaragozaZaragoza 50018Spain

Objective:Although great progress has been made in the field of siRNA gene therapy,safe,efficient,and targeted delivery of siRNA are still major challenges in siRNA ***:We developed an up-conversion nanoparticle-based nanocage *** system protected the siRNA from being degraded by nucleases in organisms and selectively delivered the siRNAs to the tumor sites,due to modifications of targeted molecules on the surfaces of nanocages and local ***:The siRNAs delivered by the up-conversion nanoparticle nanocages were protected from degradation in transit to the tumor sites,where they *** with the passive target and control groups,the up-conversion nanoparticles based on the nanocage system showed a tumor suppressive effect after approximately 3 weeks of ***:The up-conversion nanoparticle nanocages efficiently delivered vascular endothelial growth factor siRNAs to tumor *** with lung tumors treated with tumors targeting up-conversion nanoparticle nanocages showed steady body weight changes,high tumor inhibition ratios,and longer survival times.

关键词： Nanomaterials VEGF siRNA lung cancer gene therapy siRNA delivery

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磷酸掺杂的ab-PBI膜及其在高温质子交换膜燃料电池中的应用

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高等学校化学学报 2005年第12期26卷 2302-2305页

作者：何荣桓李庆峰 Bjerrum niels J. 东北大学理学院化学系沈阳110004 Department of Chemistry Technical University of DenmarkLyngby DK-2800Denmark

以3,4-二氨基苯甲酸为单体合成了ab-聚苯并咪唑. 研究了磷酸掺杂的该质子交换膜在80～200 ℃, 不同湿度以及不同酸掺杂量下的质子电导率. 该质子交换膜可作为燃料电池的膜电解质, 在常压不增湿的条件下, 可使电池运行温度达到200 ℃.

关键词：聚苯并咪唑高温质子交换膜燃料电池质子交换膜质子电导率

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Highly graphitized carbon nanosheets with embedded Ni nanocrystals as anode for Li-ion batteries

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Nano Research 2020年第1期13卷 86-94页

作者： Francisco Javier Soler-Piña Celia Hernández-Rentero Alvaro Caballero Julián Morales Enrique Rodríguez-Castellón jesús Canales-Vázquez Dpto.Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química Instituto de Química Fina y NanoquímicaUniversidad de Córdoba14071CórdobaSpain Dpto.Química Inorgánica Cristalografía y MineralogíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de Málaga29071MálagaSpain Instituto de Energías Renovables Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaPaseo de La Investigación 102071AlbaceteSpain

A C/Ni composite was prepared via thermal decomposition of a nickel oleate complex at 700℃,yielding disperse Ni nanocrystals with an average size of 20 nm,encapsulated by carbon nanosheets as deduced from transmission electron microscopy(TEM)images and confirmed from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).Furthermore,the X-ray diffraction pattern revealed a good ordering of the carbon layers,forced by the Ni encapsulation to adopt a bending *** the close interaction between the graphitized framework and the metallic nanoparticles we have studied the properties of the composite as an anode for Li-ion *** with other nanostructured synthetic carbons,this carbon composite has a low voltage hysteresis and a modest irreversible capacity value,properties that play a significant role in its behaviour as electrodes in full cell *** moderate rate values,0.25 C,the electrode delivers an average capacity value around 723 mAh·g^−1 on cycling,among the highest values so far reported for this carbon *** higher rate values,1 C,the average capacity values delivered by the cell on cycling decrease,around 205 mAh·g^−1,but it maintains good capacity retention,a coulombic efficiency close to 100%after the first cycles and recovery of the capacity values when the rate is restored from 3 to 0.1 C.

关键词： carbon nanosheets nickel nanoparticles anode lithium batteries

Ordinary Workers and Industrial Relations in a New World Order

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Sociology Study 2014年第8期4卷 728-737页

作者： niels Jul nielsen University of Copenhagen Denmark

Taking its point of departure from a NATO （North Atlantic Treaty Organization） conference held in Copenhagen in 1953, this papers begins by tracing the foundation of the powerful political role that labor organizations held during a significant part of the twentieth century. At the conference, ＂labor＂ was emphasized as occupying a ＂key role＂ in the struggle of Western societies to withstand the challenge of communism--military alone could not achieve this objective. Since around 1990, this has fundamentally changed and the paper explores the contemporary situation through an ethnographic study--involving fieldwork at both workplaces and private homes--of Polish migrant laborers participating in the Danish labor market. Firstly, it is shown how the Polish laborers, due to the lower costs they represent, benefit from the new opportunities. Secondly, the paper illustrates how the trade union, though uneasy with the downward pressure on wage and working conditions that the Polish represent, prioritizes the organization of workers in order to maintain some degree of control over the labor market. Finally, the question is raised how the EU （European Union） is able to navigate two contrasting concerns： the urge both to create more cross-border competition and to uphold an image of a ＂social Europe＂ which might be key to maintain cohesion and legitimacy.

关键词： Cold war neo-liberalism work life industrial relations EU (European Union) enlargement

The advent of structural biology in situ by single particle cryo-electron tomography

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Biophysics Reports 2017年第Z1期3卷 17-35页

作者： jesús G.Galaz-Montoya Steven J.Ludtke National Center for Macromolecular Imaging Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Baylor College of Medicine

Single particle tomography(SPT), also known as subtomogram averaging, is a powerful technique uniquely poised to address questions in structural biology that are not amenable to more traditional approaches like X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance, and conventional cryoEM single particle analysis. Owing to its potential for in situ structural biology at subnanometer resolution, SPT has been gaining enormous momentum in the last five years and is becoming a prominent, widely used technique. This method can be applied to unambiguously determine the structures of macromolecular complexes that exhibit compositional and conformational heterogeneity, both in vitro and in situ. Here we review the development of SPT, highlighting its applications and identifying areas of ongoing development.

关键词： Cryo-electron tomography Single particle tomography Subtomogram averaging Direct detection device Contrast transfer function

Golimumab in real-world practice in patients with ulcerative colitis:Twelve-month results

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第21期26卷 2852-2863页

作者： niels Teich Harald Grümmer Eric Jorgensen Thomas Liceni Frank Holtkamp-Endemann Tim Fischer Susanne Hohenberger Internistische Gemeinschaftspraxis für Verdauungs-und Stoffwechselkrankheiten Leipzig und Schkeuditz Leipzig 04105Germany Praxis für Innere Medizin/Gastroenterologie Potsdam 14471Germany Magen-Darm-Zentrum Remscheid Remscheid 42859Germany MVZ für Gastroenterologie am Bayerischen Platz Berlin 10825Germany Gastroenterologische Gemeinschaftspraxis am Germania-Campus Münster 48159Germany Medical Affairs MSD Sharp and Dohme GmbHHaar 85540Germany

BACKGROUND The introduction of biologics has revolutionized the management of the chronic inflammatory bowel disease,ulcerative colitis(UC),with many patients experiencing significant improvements not only in their symptoms but in other outcomes relevant to individuals and society as a *** Germany,there are no prospective data>3 mo that assess the work productivity,daily activities and quality of life(QoL)of patients with moderate-to-severe UC treated with *** To assess change in work productivity,capacity for daily activities and QoL in UC patients treated with golimumab in *** The validated Work Productivity Activity Impairment(WPAI)Questionnaire was used to analyze the change in work productivity,the capacity for daily activities after three months(primary endpoint)and disease specific and health related QoL(HRQoL)up to 1 year(secondary endpoints).The changes in work productivity and activity impairment were evaluated every three months until month twelve compared to ***-specific and health-related QoL were assessed with the inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire and with the short-form 12 health survey questionnaire(SF-12).RESULTS This prospective non-interventional study included 287 *** analysis population was comprised of 282 patients who had completed at least two *** baseline,61%of patients had moderate UC and 18%had severe ***,75%of patients worked full-time or part-time at baseline.A total of 212 patients who were employed at the start of the study(employed population)were evaluated for the primary *** significantly reduced all WPAI sub-scores compared to baseline after three,six,nine and twelve months after the start of treatment(P<0.0001).In addition,disease-specific QoL and HRQoL,as measured by the SF-12 questionnaire,improved significantly with golimumab at all evaluation times(P<0.0001 in each case vs baseline).CONCLUSION Treatment of moderate-to-severe UC with golimum

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Quality of life Work productivity Non-interventional study Golimumab Work Productivity Activity Impairment(WPAI)Questionnaire