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Adjustment of Forest Ecosystem Root Respiration as Temperature Warms

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1467-1483页

作者： Andrew J.Burton jerry m.melillo Serita D.Frey Ecosystem Science Center Michigan Technological University School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science Michigan Technological University The Ecosystems Center Marine Biological Laboratory Department of Natural Resources University of New Hampshire

Adjustment of ecosystem root respiration to warmer climatic conditions can alter the autotrophic portion of soil respiration and influence the amount of carbon available for biomass production. We examined 44 published values of annual forest root respiration and found an increase in ecosystem root respiration with increasing mean annual temperature （mAT）, but the rate of this cross-ecosystem increase （Q10 = 1.6） is less than published values for short-term responses of root respiration to temperature within ecosystems （Q10 = 2-3）. When specific root respiration rates and root biomass values were examined, there was a clear trend for decreasing root metabolic capacity （respiration rate at a standard temperature） with increasing mAT. There also were tradeoffs between root metabolic capacity and root system biomass, such that there were no instances of high growing season respiration rates and high root biomass occurring together. We also examined specific root respiration rates at three soil warming experiments at Harvard Forest, USA, and found decreases in metabolic capacity for roots from the heated plots. This decline could be due to either physiological acclimation or to the effects of co-occurring drier soils on the measurement date. Regardless of the cause, these findings clearly suggest that modeling efforts that allow root respiration to increase exponentially with temperature, with Q10 values of 2 or more, may over-predict root contributions to ecosystem CO2 efflux for future climates and underestimate the amount of C available for other uses, including net primary productivity.

关键词： acclimation climatic warming root biomass root respiration soil warming.

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活性氮与环保公共政策

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AmBIO－人类环境杂志 2002年第2期31卷 150-158页

作者： jerry m.melillo Ellis B.Cowling 刘林群美国科学技术办公室环境部北卡罗莱那州立大学著名无任所大学

美国和欧洲污染治理政策的一个核心目标,是建立环境中活性氮运移的相关法规和条例。这表现在美国联邦政府的立法上(例如《清洁空气法修正案》和《清洁水法修正案》),以及联合国欧洲经济委员会的各种议定书及其《远程跨边界空气污染公约... 详细信息

美国和欧洲污染治理政策的一个核心目标,是建立环境中活性氮运移的相关法规和条例。这表现在美国联邦政府的立法上(例如《清洁空气法修正案》和《清洁水法修正案》),以及联合国欧洲经济委员会的各种议定书及其《远程跨边界空气污染公约》上。本文中我们首先回顾一下美国的这两部法规及其实施效果,并将它们与联合国欧洲经济委员会和《远程跨边界空气污染公约》主要在欧洲采用的一些方法进行对比。然后利用密西西比河流域和(或)墨西哥湾氧过少的案例研究结果,重点讨沦运用'系统分析方法'处理区域性活性氮问题的重要性。在列举了与氮治理政策有关的一些无法回答的问题后,我们在文末简要描述了在制定完善的活性氮管理政策过程中将要实施的行动计划。

关键词：活性氮环保公共政策空气污染法规

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Role of N-formyl peptide receptor 2 in germinal matrix hemorrhage:an intrinsic review of a hematoma resolving pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 350-354页

作者： jerry Flores Jiping Tang Department of Physiology&Pharmacology Loma Linda University School of MedicineLoma LindaCAUSA

Germinal matrix hemorrhage is one of the leading causes of morbidity,mortality,and acquired infantile hydrocephalus in preterm infants in the United States,with little progress made in its clinical *** clots have been shown to elicit secondary brain injury after germinal matrix hemorrhage,by disrupting normal cerebrospinal fluid circulation and absorption after germinal matrix hemorrhage causing post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus *** evidence suggests that rapid hematoma resolution is necessary to improve neurological outcomes after hemorrhagic *** articles have demonstrated the beneficial effects of stimulating the polarization of microglia cells into the m2 phenotype,as it has been suggested that they play an essential role in the rapid phagocytosis of the blood clot after hemorrhagic models of stroke.N-formyl peptide receptor 2(FPR2),a G-protein-coupled receptor,has been shown to be neuroprotective after ***2 activation has been associated with the upregulation of phagocytic macrophage clearance,yet its mechanism has not been fully *** literature suggests that FPR2 may play a role in the stimulation of scavenger receptor *** receptor CD36 plays a vital role in microglia phagocytic blood clot clearance after germinal matrix ***2 has been shown to phosphorylate extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2),which then promotes the transcription of the dual-specificity protein phosphatase 1(DUSP1)*** this review,we present an intrinsic outline of the main components involved in FPR2 stimulation and hematoma resolution after germinal matrix hemorrhage.

关键词： AnxA1 FPR2 GmH hematoma resolution hemorrhagic stroke m1 m2 microglia polarization microglia phagocytosis

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Aerodynamics of a Tandem-Bladed Axial Compressor Rotor under Circumferential Distortion at Different Rotational Speeds

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1340-1356页

作者： Amit KUmAR jerry T.JOHN A.m.PRADEEP R.A.DAKKERmANS Dragan KOZULOVIC Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India Department of Automotive and Aeronautical Engineering Hamburg University of Applied Sciences20099HamburgGermany Institute of Jet Propulsion Bundeswehr University Munich85577NeubibergGermany

For most aircraft engines,inflow distortion is *** distortion is known to degrade the aerodynamic performance and stable operating limits of a *** rotor configuration is an arrangement that effectively controls the growth of the boundary layer over the suction surface of the ***,a higher total pressure rise can be achieved through this unconventional design approach involving the splitting of the blade into forward and aft *** is expected that the effect of inlet flow distortion would be more severe for a tandem-rotor design due to the greater flow turning inherent in such ***,this aspect needs to be thoroughly *** present study discusses the effect of circumferential distortion on the tandem-rotor at different rotational ***-annulus RANS simulations using ANSYS CFX are used in the present *** performance of the rotor at a particular flow coefficient and different rotational speeds is *** total pressure and efficiency are observed to drop at lower mass flow rates under the influence of circumferential *** loss region in each blade passage is mainly associated with the blade wake,tip leakage vortex,secondary flow,and boundary ***,their contribution varies from passage to passage,particularly in the distorted *** the lower span,the wake width is found to be higher than that at a higher *** to the redistribution of the mass flow,the circumferential extent reduces at a higher *** the undistorted sector,the strength of the tip leakage vortex is significantly higher at the design rotational speed than at lower *** distortion near the tip region promotes an early vortex breakdown even at the design operating *** adversely affects the total pressure,efficiency,and stall *** clean flow conditions,this phenomenon is only observed near the stall *** the design operating condition,the breakdown of the forward rotor tip l

关键词： tandem rotor circumferential distortion loss tip leakage vortex vortex breakdown diffusion factor aerodynamics of compressor blade

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经典永流传,有它们就够了 Revel Concerta2 m16/Arcam CDS50/SA30

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家庭影院技术 2024年第4期333卷 30-32页

作者： jerry 不详

早在2022年,本刊便对Arcam出品的CDS50播放器和SA30功放做过测评,不过彼时的主角是与之搭配的Revel m126BE书架箱。而本期的焦点又要易主了,同为Revel品牌的Concerta2m16书架箱,如果说m126BE总体风格像热情奔放,那么m16则偏向于清新自然。

关键词：书架箱播放器热情奔放 m16 CDS m12 功放清新自然

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Climate change,Risky Business,and a call to action for ecologists

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2015年第1期1卷 4-6页

作者： jerry melillo The Ecosystems Center Marine Biological LaboratoryWoods HoleMassachusetts 02543 USA

At the invitation of UN Secretary Ban Ki-moon,world leaders from government,finance,business,and civil society gathered at the Climate Summit 2014 in New York on 23 September to catalyze responses to climate *** the c... 详细信息

关键词： finance change. action

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Preface for Integrated Ecosystem Assessment of Western China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2006年第1期16卷 114-115页

作者： jerry melillo The Ecosystem Center marine Biological Laboratory Woods HoleMA 02543USA

Human well-being is dependent on ecosystems. Earth＇s mosaic of ecosystems - forests, grasslands, wetlands, streams, estuaries, and oceans - when functioning naturally, provide materials, conditions, and processes that sustain all life on this planet, including human life. The benefits that all living things obtain from ecosystems are called ＂ecosystem services.＂ Some are very familiar to us, such as materials like food and timber that are essential for our lives and important parts of the global economy. What are equally important, but certainly less well recognized, are the array of services delivered by ecosystems that do not have easily assigned monetary values, but that make our lives possible. These include the purification of air and water, the decomposition of wastes, the recycling of nutrients on land and in the oceans, the pollination of crops, and the regulation of climate.

关键词： Preface for Integrated Ecosystem Assessment of Western China

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Impacts of weaning age on dietary needs of whey permeate for pigs at 7 to 11 kg body weight

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 593-600页

作者： Ki Beom Jang marcos Elias Duarte jerry m.Purvis Sung Woo Kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA N.G.Purvis Farm Inc RobbinsNC 27325USA.

Background:Whey permeate is an effective lactose source for nursery pigs and the most benefits are obtained when pigs are at 7 to 11 kg *** weaning ages could cause different length of early-weaner phases until 7 kg BW and thus it would influence the dietary need of whey permeate during 7 to 11 kg BW of *** study aimed to evaluate if weaning ages would affect the dietary needs of whey permeate for optimum growth performance of pigs at 7 to 11 kg ***:A total of 1,632 pigs were weaned at d 21(d 21.2±1.3)or d 25(d 24.6±1.1)after *** pigs had a common early-weaner feeds until they reached 7 kg *** pigs reached 7 kg BW within a weaning age group,they were allotted in a randomized complete block design(2×4 factorial).Two factors were weaning age groups(21 and 25 d of age)and varying whey permeate levels(7.50%,11.25%,15.00%,and 18.75%).Data were analyzed using the GLm and NLIN procedures of SAS for slope-ratio and broken-line analyses to determine the growth response to whey permeate and optimal daily whey permeate intake for the growth of the pigs weaned at different ***:Pigs weaned at 21 d of age had a common diet for 11 d to reach 7 kg BW whereas pigs weaned at 25 d of age needed 2 *** G:F of pigs weaned at 25 d of age responded to increased daily whey permeate intake greater(Pmeate intake or 17.0%and 14.4%of whey permeate for G:F of pigs weaned at 21 and 25 d of age,***:Pigs weaned at an older age with a short early-weaner phase had a greater growth response to whey permeate intake compared with pigs weaned at a younger age with a long early-weaner *** weaning ages affected dietary needs of whey permeate for optimum growth performance of pigs from 7 to 11 kg BW.

关键词： Growth performance Nursery pigs Weaning age Whey permeate

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The Discontinuous Galerkin method by Divergence-Free Patch Reconstruction for Stokes Eigenvalue Problems

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Numerical mathematics(Theory,methods and Applications) 2022年第2期15卷 484-509页

作者： Di Li Zhiyuan Sun Fengru Wang jerry Zhijian Yang School of mathematics and Statistics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072P.R.China Institute of Applied Physics and Computationalmathematics Beijing 100094P.R.China Computational Science Hubei Key Laboratory Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072P.R.China

The discontinuous Galerkin method by divergence-free patch reconstruction is proposed for Stokes eigenvalue *** utilizes the mixed finite element *** patch reconstruction technique constructs two categories of approximation ***,the local divergence-free space is employed to discretize the velocity space,and the pressure space is approximated by standard reconstruction space *** from the divergence-free constraint;the identical element patch serves two approximation spaces while using the element pair Pm+1/*** optimal error estimate is derived under the inf-sup condition *** examples are carried out to validate the inf-sup test and the theoretical results.

关键词： Stokes eigenvalue problems divergence-free patch reconstruction discontinuous Galerkin mixed finite element

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Hierarchical Absorbing Interface Conditions for Wave Propagation on Non-Uniform meshes

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Numerical mathematics(Theory,methods and Applications) 2022年第1期15卷 251-278页

作者： Shuyang Dai Zhiyuan Sun Fengru Wang jerry Zhijian Yang Cheng Yuan School of mathematics and Statistics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072P.R.China Computational Science Hubei Key Laboratory Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072P.R.China Three Gorges mathematical Research Center China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002HubeiChina

In this paper,we propose hierarchical absorbing interface conditions to solve the problem of wave propagation in domains with a non-uniform space discretization or grid size inhomogeneity using Pad´e Via Lanczos(PVL)*** proposed interface conditions add an auxiliary variable in the wave system to eliminate the spurious reflection at the interface between regions with different mesh *** auxiliary variable with proper boundary condition can suppress the spurious reflection by cancelling the boundary source term produced by the space inhomogeneity in variational *** new hierarchical interface conditions with the help of PVL implementation can effectively reduce the degree of freedom in solving the wave propagation problem.

关键词： Wave equation absorbing interface condition spurious reflection Pad´e via Lanczos

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