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Li Ruqian, the Lu Xun of the Nineteenth Century

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Frontiers of Literary Studies in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2018年第2期12卷 217-253页

作者： jerry d. Schmidt department of Asian Studies Vancouver Campus University of British ColumbiaVancouver BC Canada V6T 1Z2

This paper discusses the biography, thought, and works of Li Ruqian （1852-19o9）. He was appointed Consul in Kobe 1882-84, during which period he studied the political institutions and culture of Meiji Japan and the West, eventually translating Washington Irving＇s biography of George Washington into Classical Chinese, a book which exercised a great influence on late Qing reformers. Li＇s literary theory strongly emphasized the importance of originality. He also cultivated a style that was simpler and closer to spoken Chinese than many of his contemporaries. He eventually espoused a thoroughgoing reform of Chinese government and society. He abandoned the idea of the centrality of Chinese culture for a worldview of cultural relativity in which all cultures of the world are viewed as equally valid. After his return to China Li became even more involved in reform activities, but soon he became almost totally alienated from Chinese society and even began expressing strong doubts about the whole tradition of classical writing. In his poems and prose works, he warned Chinese intellectuals to abandon their smug conservatism and adapt to the new world or perish, making fun of his own society in biting satirical pieces that remind one of the writings of Lu Xun＇s May Fourth era. Li Ruqian may, indeed, be the first Chinese author to develop the idea of Chinese inadequacy and guilt which is so common in the literature of the next century.

关键词： Li Ruqian Zheng Zhen Shatan Group George Washington Lu Xun Chinese centrality doubting of tradition reform

Adjustment of Forest Ecosystem Root Respiration as Temperature Warms

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1467-1483页

作者： Andrew J.Burton jerry M.Melillo Serita d.Frey Ecosystem Science Center Michigan Technological University School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science Michigan Technological University The Ecosystems Center Marine Biological Laboratory department of Natural Resources University of New Hampshire

Adjustment of ecosystem root respiration to warmer climatic conditions can alter the autotrophic portion of soil respiration and influence the amount of carbon available for biomass production. We examined 44 published values of annual forest root respiration and found an increase in ecosystem root respiration with increasing mean annual temperature （MAT）, but the rate of this cross-ecosystem increase （Q10 = 1.6） is less than published values for short-term responses of root respiration to temperature within ecosystems （Q10 = 2-3）. When specific root respiration rates and root biomass values were examined, there was a clear trend for decreasing root metabolic capacity （respiration rate at a standard temperature） with increasing MAT. There also were tradeoffs between root metabolic capacity and root system biomass, such that there were no instances of high growing season respiration rates and high root biomass occurring together. We also examined specific root respiration rates at three soil warming experiments at Harvard Forest, USA, and found decreases in metabolic capacity for roots from the heated plots. This decline could be due to either physiological acclimation or to the effects of co-occurring drier soils on the measurement date. Regardless of the cause, these findings clearly suggest that modeling efforts that allow root respiration to increase exponentially with temperature, with Q10 values of 2 or more, may over-predict root contributions to ecosystem CO2 efflux for future climates and underestimate the amount of C available for other uses, including net primary productivity.

关键词： acclimation climatic warming root biomass root respiration soil warming.

Aerodynamics of a Tandem-Bladed Axial Compressor Rotor under Circumferential distortion at different Rotational Speeds

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1340-1356页

作者： Amit KUMAR jerry T.JOHN A.M.PRAdEEP R.A.dAKKERMANS dragan KOZULOVIC department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India department of Automotive and Aeronautical Engineering Hamburg University of Applied Sciences20099HamburgGermany Institute of Jet Propulsion Bundeswehr University Munich85577NeubibergGermany

For most aircraft engines,inflow distortion is *** distortion is known to degrade the aerodynamic performance and stable operating limits of a *** rotor configuration is an arrangement that effectively controls the growth of the boundary layer over the suction surface of the ***,a higher total pressure rise can be achieved through this unconventional design approach involving the splitting of the blade into forward and aft *** is expected that the effect of inlet flow distortion would be more severe for a tandem-rotor design due to the greater flow turning inherent in such ***,this aspect needs to be thoroughly *** present study discusses the effect of circumferential distortion on the tandem-rotor at different rotational ***-annulus RANS simulations using ANSYS CFX are used in the present *** performance of the rotor at a particular flow coefficient and different rotational speeds is *** total pressure and efficiency are observed to drop at lower mass flow rates under the influence of circumferential *** loss region in each blade passage is mainly associated with the blade wake,tip leakage vortex,secondary flow,and boundary ***,their contribution varies from passage to passage,particularly in the distorted *** the lower span,the wake width is found to be higher than that at a higher *** to the redistribution of the mass flow,the circumferential extent reduces at a higher *** the undistorted sector,the strength of the tip leakage vortex is significantly higher at the design rotational speed than at lower *** distortion near the tip region promotes an early vortex breakdown even at the design operating *** adversely affects the total pressure,efficiency,and stall *** clean flow conditions,this phenomenon is only observed near the stall *** the design operating condition,the breakdown of the forward rotor tip l

关键词： tandem rotor circumferential distortion loss tip leakage vortex vortex breakdown diffusion factor aerodynamics of compressor blade

Computational design for 4d printing of topology optimized multi-material active composites

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2342-2350页

作者： darshan Athinarayanarao Romaric Prod’hon dominique Chamoret H.jerry Qi Mahdi Bodaghi Jean-Claude André Frédéric demoly ICB UMR 6303 CNRS Univ.Bourgogne Franche-ComtéUTBM90010 BelfortFrance The George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA department of Engineering School of Science and TechnologyNottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUK LRGP UMR 7274 CNRS University of LorraineNancyFrance

Recent efforts on design for four-dimensional(4d)printing have considered the spatial arrangement of smart materials and energy *** development of multifunctional structures and their desired mechanical/actuation performances require tackling 4d printing from a multi-material design *** the materials distributions there is an opportunity to increase the spectrum of design concepts with computational *** main goal being to achieve the“best”distribution of material properties in a voxelized structure,a computational framework that consists of a finite element analysis-based evolutionary algorithm is *** fuses the advantages of optimizing both the materials distribution and material layout within a design space via topology optimization to solve the inverse design problem of finding an optimal design to achieve a target shape change by integrating void *** results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method in providing a highly capable tool for the design of 4d-printed active composites.

关键词： composites printing topology

Metabolic signatures of Arabidopsis thaliana abiotic stress responses elucidate patterns in stress priming,acclimation,and recovery

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 550-565页

作者： Yuan Xu dana M.Freund Adrian d.Hegeman jerry d.Cohen department of Horticultural Science and the Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute University of MinnesotaMNSaint PaulUSA department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of MinnesotaMNSaint PaulUSA

Temperature,water,and light are three abiotic stress factors that have major influences on plant growth,development,and *** can be primed by a prior mild stress to enhance their resistance to future *** used an untargeted metabolomics approach to examine Arabidopsis thaliana 11-day-old seedling’s abiotic stress responses including heat(with and without priming),cold(with and without priming),water-deficit and high-light before and after a 2-day-recovery *** of the physiological phenotypes showed that seedlings with stress treatment resulted in a reduction in fresh weight,hypocotyl and root length but remained *** stress responsive metabolites were identified,confirmed with reference standards,quantified,and *** identified shared and specific stress signatures for cold,heat,water-deficit,and high-light *** metabolism including amino acid metabolism,sugar metabolism,glycolysis,TCA cycle,GABA shunt,glutathione metabolism,purine metabolism,and urea cycle were found to undergo changes that are fundamentally different,although some shared commonalities in response to different *** increases in cysteine abundance and decreases in reduced glutathione were observed following multiple stress treatments highlighting the importance of oxidative stress as a general phenomenon in abiotic *** fold increases in low-turnover amino acids and maltose demonstrate the critical role of protein and starch autolysis in early abiotic stress responses.

关键词： Abiotic stress Arabidopsis thaliana LC-HRMS Metabolomics Plant stress acclimation Priming Recovery

Weight gain following breast cancer diagnosis: Implication and proposed mechanisms

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第3期5卷 272-282页

作者： Grace Makari-Judson Barry Braun d Joseph jerry Wilson C Mertens The Rays of Hope Center for Breast Cancer Research SpringfieldMA 01107United States Baystate Regional Cancer Program Baystate Medical Center/Tufts University School of Medicine department of Kinesiology University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003United States department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003United States Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute SpringfieldMA 01107United States

Weight gain occurs in the majority of women following breast cancer treatment. An overview of studies describing weight gain amongst women treated with early to modern chemotherapy regimens is included. Populations at higher risk include women who are younger, closer to ideal body weight and who have been treated with chemotherapy. Weight gain ranges between 1 to 5 kg, and may be associated with change in body composition with gain in fat mass and loss in lean body mass. Women are unlikely to return to pre-diagnosis weight. Possible mechanisms including inactivity and metabolic changes are explored. Potential interventions are reviewed including exercise, dietary changes andpharmacologic agents. Although breast cancer prognosis does not appear to be significantly impacted, weight gain has negative consequences on quality of life and overall health. Future studies should explore change in body composition, metabolism and insulin resistance. Avoiding weight gain in breast cancer survivors following initial diagnosis and treatment should be encouraged.

关键词： Breast cancer Weight gain Exercise Survivorship Insulin resistance

The Field of Modern Lyric Classicism

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Frontiers of Literary Studies in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2015年第4期9卷 515-524页

作者： jerry d. Schmidt The department of Asian Studies University of British Columbia Vancouver Campus Vancouver BC Canada V6T 1Z2 Canada

In the past few decades, the field of late Qing poetry has rapidly evolved and continues to grow in exciting new directions. Before turning to the history of recent developments in the field, I will briefly introduce my own experience in the field and how I first became interested in Qing verse. In high school, I taught myself German and, while I was not able to master German conversation, I did manage to learn how to read the language fairly well. My reading of German had a decisive influence on my future studies, because it exposed me to the poetry of Goethe, Schiller, and Heine, the first time in my life when poetry began ＂speaking＂ to me. I originally thought about majoring in German in university, but before I graduated from high school I decided that I would first try out another, even more challenging, language, Chinese. Since I knew China had a long history, I thought that China might have some great poetry, too, and I have been busy with it ever since and hope to continue with it to my final day.

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Origami-Based design for 4d Printing of 3d Support-Free Hollow Structures

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Engineering 2022年第5期8卷 70-82页

作者： Bingcong Jian Frederic demoly Yicha Zhang H.jerry Qi Jean-Claude Andre Samuel Gomes Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne UMR 6303 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique&Universitede Technologie de Belfort-MontbeliardUniversite Bourgogne Franche-ComteBelfort 90400France George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Laboratoire Reactions et Genie des Procedes UMR 7274 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Universitede LorraineNancy 54001France

The integration of additive manufacturing(AM)in design and engineering has prompted a wide spectrum of research efforts,involving topologically optimized solid/lattice structures,multimaterial structures,bioinspired organic structures,and multiscale structures,to name a ***,except for obvious cases,very little attention has been given to the design and printing of more complex three-dimensional(3d)hollow structures or folded/creased *** of the main reasons is that such complex open or closed 3d cavities and regular/freeform folds generally lead to printing difficulties from support-structure-related *** address this barrier,this paper aims to investigate four-dimensional(4d)printing as well as origami-based design as an original research direction to design and build 3d support-free hollow *** work consists of describing the rough 3d hollow structures in terms of two-dimensional(2d)printed origami precursor layouts without any support *** origami-based definitions are then embodied with folding functions that can be actuated and fulfilled by 3d printed smart *** desired 3d shape is then built once an external stimulus is applied to the active materials,therefore ensuring the transformation of the 2d origami layout to 3d *** demonstrate the relevance of the proposal,some illustrative cases are introduced.

关键词： Origami-based design 4d printing Smart material Hollow 3d structures Additive manufacturing

direct Vlasov Solvers with High-Order Spectral Element Method

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Communications in Computational Physics 2010年第6期8卷 159-184页

作者： Jin Xu Brahim Mustapha Peter Ostroumov jerry Nolen Physics division Argonne National Laboratory9700 S.Cass Ave.ArgonneIL 60439USA Mathematics and Computer Science division Argonne National Laboratory9700 S.Cass Ave.ArgonneIL 60439USA

This paper presents the development of parallel direct Vlasov solvers using the Spectral Element Method(SEM).Instead of the standard Particle-In-Cell(PIC)approach for kinetic space plasma simulation,*** the Vlasov-Maxwell equations,the direct method has been used in this *** are several benefits to solve the Vlasov equation directly,such as avoiding noise associated with the finite number of particles and the capability to capture the fine structure in the plasma,*** most challenging part of direct Vlasov solver comes from high dimension,as the computational cost increases as N2d,where d is the dimension of the physical *** due to fast development of supercomputers,the possibility of high dimensions becomes more realistic.A significant effort has been devoted to solve the Vlasov equation in low dimensions so far,now more interests focus on higher *** numerical methods have been tried so far,such as finite difference method,Fourier spectral method,finite volume method,*** this paper SEM has been successfully applied to construct these *** has shown several advantages,such as easy interpolation due to local element structure and long time integration due to its high order *** decomposition in high dimensions have been used for parallelization,these include scalable parallel 1d and 2d Poisson *** results have been shown and simulation results have been reported for two different cases:one dimension(1P1V),and two dimensions(2P2V)in both physical and velocity spaces.

关键词： Vlasov equation Spectral Element Method Poisson’s equation interpolation domain decomposition