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Deep learning for the detection of semantic features in tree X-ray CT scans

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2023年第1期7卷 13-26页

作者： Salim k.azem Antoine Richard jeremy Fix Cédric Pradalier GeorgiaTech-CNRS IRL 2958 MetzFrance CentraleSupélec MetzFrance GeorgiaTech Lorraine MetzFrance LORIA CNRS UMR 7503MetzFrance University of Luxembourg Campus Kirchberg6rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi L-1359 Luxembourg

According to the industry,the value of wood logs is heavily influenced by their internal structure,particularly the distribution of k.ots within the ***,CT scanners combined with classical computer vision approach are the most common tool for obtaining reliable and accurate images of the interior structure of *** where the tree semantic features,especially k.ots,contours and centers are within a tree could improve the efficiency of the overall tree industry by minimizing waste and enhancing the quality of wood-log ***,this requires to automatically process the CT-scanner images so as to extract the different elements such as tree centerline,k.ot localization and log contour,in a robust and efficient *** this paper,we propose an effective methodology based on deep learning for performing these different task. by processing CTscanner images with deep convolutional neural *** meet this objective,three end-to-end trainable pipelines are *** first pipeline is focused on centers detection using CNNs architecture with a regression head,the second and the third one address contour estimation and k.ot detection as a binary segmentation task.based on an Encoder-Decoder *** different architectures are tested on several tree *** these experiments,we demonstrate that our approaches can be used to extract the different elements of trees in a precise manner while preserving good performances of *** main objective was to demonstrate that methods based on deep learning might be used and have a relevant potential for segmentation and regression on CT-scans of tree trunk..

关键词： X-rays images Deep learning Convolutional neural network. Image segmentation Wood k.ots Coordinates detection Contour estimation

Response of Polygonum viviparum Species and Community Level to Long-term Livestock.Grazing in Alpine Shrub Meadow in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第6期50卷 659-672页

作者： Zhi-Hong Zhu jeremy Lundholm Yingnian Li Xiaoan Wang College of Life Sciences Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China Biology DepartmenUEnvironmental Studies Program Saint Mary's University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada B3H3C3 Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810008 China

Grazing by domestic herbivores is generally recognized as a major ecological factor and an important evolutionary force in grasslands, Grazing has both extensive and profound effects on individual plants and communities, We investigated the response patterns of Polygonum viviparum species and the species diversity of an alpine shrub meadow in response to long-term livestock.grazing by a field manipulative experiment controlling livestock.numbers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, Here, we hypothesize that within a range of grazing pressure, grazing can alter relative allocation to different plant parts without changing total biomass for some plant species if there is life history trade-offs between plant traits, The same type of communities exposed to different grazing pressures may only alter relative species＇ abundances or species composition and not vary species diversity because plant species differ in resistant capability to herbivory, The results show that plant height and biomass of different organs differed among grazing treatments but total biomass remained constant, Biomass allocation and absolute investments to both reproduction and growth decreased and to belowground storage increased with increased grazing pressure, indicating the increasing in storage function was attained at a cost of reducing reproduction of bulbils and represented an optimal allocation and an adaptive response of the species to long- term aboveground damage, Moreover, our results showed multiform response types for either species groups or single species along the gradient of grazing intensity, Heavy grazing caused a 13,2% increase in species richness, There was difference in species composition of about 18%-20% among grazing treatment, Shannon-Wiener （H′） diversity index and species evenness （E） index did not differ among grazing treatments, These results support our hypothesis,

关键词： alpine shrub meadow biomass allocation grazing response relative species' abundances species diversity

Using occupancy models to determine mammalian responses to landscape changes

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第2期4卷 232-239页

作者： jeremy M.NICHOLSON Frank.T.VAN MANEN Department of Forestry Wildlifeand FisheriesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA US Geological Survey Southern Appalachian Research BranchUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA

Determining impacts of anthropogenic landscape changes on wildlife populations is *** the challengesDetermining impacts of anthropogenic landscape changes on wildlife populations is *** the challenges of designing field studies to document conditions before and after landscape changes occur,assessment of popula-of designing field studies to document conditions before and after landscape changes occur,assessment of popula-tion responses(*** in population density)often provide poor inference because of sampling *** responses(*** in population density)often provide poor inference because of sampling *** of occupancy,however,only requires data on detection or non-detection of a species and might provideEstimation of occupancy,however,only requires data on detection or non-detection of a species and might provide better *** demonstrate the utility of occupancy models,we used data from an American black.bear(Ursusbetter *** demonstrate the utility of occupancy models,we used data from an American black.bear(Ursus americanus Pallas)population in North Carolina,USA to test our research hypothesis that documented declines inamericanus Pallas)population in North Carolina,USA to test our research hypothesis that documented declines in site occupancy of black.bears would be greater near a new four-lane *** used multi-season occupancysite occupancy of black.bears would be greater near a new four-lane *** used multi-season occupancy models to estimate site occupancy based on bear visitation to survey sites before and after completion of the newmodels to estimate site occupancy based on bear visitation to survey sites before and after completion of the new highway and as a function of distance to the *** occupancy declined from 0.81 to 0.35 between the twohighway and as a function of distance to the *** occupancy declined from 0.81 to 0.35 between the two s

关键词： landscape changes mammalian responses occupancy models transportation infrastructure Ursus americanus.

UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES:HOW THE USE OF LEED CAN INADVERTENTLY FAIL TO BENEFIT THE ENVIRONMENT

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Journal of Green Building 2006年第4期1卷 152-165页

作者： jeremy Bray Natasha McCurry Auburn University AuburnAlabama

Unintended consequences invariably accompany regulations and *** study examined whether the LEED rating system creates any negative inadvertent environmental effects and,if so,what they *** effect,can doing something that is not sustainable ever help a project get a higher score?The research tool consisted of semi-structured interviews with construction management personnel responsible for the LEED aspects of *** study look.d at specific LEED certified projects around the southeastern United *** interviews gathered project specific information about the company responsible for building,the interviewee’s experience and views,and the general *** importantly,the interviews collected data on any instances of negative unintended environmental *** the 16 projects considered,two included cases of unintended *** cases resulted from situations in which the project location made the otherwise beneficial LEED requirement *** study recommends ways to help prevent other similar instances of negative unintended ***,sustainability is best advanced by using LEED certification as an aid not an objective in the journey towards environmentally friendly buildings.

关键词： LEED sustainability green building unintended consequences

Inside the China-EU FDI Bond

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China & World Economy 2011年第4期19卷 92-108页

作者： jeremy Clegg Hinrich Voss European Integration and International Business Management Center for International BusinessLeeds University Business SchoolUniversity of Leeds Center for International Business Leeds University Business SchoolUniversity of Leeds

For some 20 years, the rate of investment by EU enterprises into China has been rising, reaching an annual average of some US$5bn over the 10 years to 2009. Conversely, the EU has not been a focus for Chinese investments, nor has Chinese investment been important to the EU despite the wide attention given to recent landmark.cross-border acquisitions. Therefore, the overall impact of Chinese investment on the European economy is small. However, this situation might now be changing following institutional changes in the EU. In light of the potential for Chinese foreign direct investment to the EU, in this paper we outline the motives for, and patterns of Chinese outward investments to the EU, and the impacts that these investments might exert on the recipient.

关键词： China EU foreign direct investment multinational enterprises

Changes of tropical cyclone size in three oceanic basins of the northern hemisphere from 2001 to 2021

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第2期18卷 312-323页

作者： Banglin ZHANG jeremy Cheuk.Hin LEUNG Shengyuan LIU Jianjun XU Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology/Guangdong Provincial k.y Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction CMAGuangzhou 510640China College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020China College of Ocean and Meteorology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China CMA-GDOU Joint Laboratory for Marine Meteorology&South China Sea Institute of Marine Meteorology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China

In this study the changes of tropical cyclone(TC)size from 2001 to 2021 are analyzed based on linear and quadratic curve fittings of the National Hurricane Center(NHC)/Joint Typhoon Warning Center(JTWC)best track.data,based on the radius of maximum wind(RMW)and the average radius of 34-k. wind(AR34),in three oceanic basins of the North Atlantic(NATL),the Western North Pacific(WPAC)and the Eastern North Pacific(EPAC).The computations are done separately for two categories of tropical cyclones:tropical storms(TS)and hurricanes(HT).Size changes of landfalling and non-landfalling TCs are also *** show that there is a great inter-basin variability among the changes in TC *** conclusions include:1)overall,the inner cores of TSs have become larger in all three basins,with the increasing tendencies being significant in the NATL and WAPC,while those of HTs mostly get smaller or remain similar;2)meanwhile,comparatively large inter-basin differences are observed for the TC outer core sizes,and the sizes of landfalling TCs;3)particularly,a significant decrease in landfalling HT outer core size is observed over the EPAC;4)in contrast,significant increases in landfalling TS inner core size are found over the NATL and *** presented analysis results could benefit future research about TC forecasts,storm surge studies,and the cyclone climate and its changes.

关键词： tropical cyclone storm size frequency intensity duration

Spatial-temporal evolution of injection-induced earthquak.s in the Weiyuan Area determined by machine-learning phase pick.r and waveform cross-correlation

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2021年第6期5卷 485-500页

作者： Wing Ching jeremy Wong JinPing Zi HongFeng Yang JinRong Su Earth System Science Programme Faculty of ScienceThe Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong 999077China Earthquak. Monitoring Center Sichuan Earthquake AgencyChengdu 610041China

Anthropogenic induced seismicity has been widely reported and investigated in many regions,including the shale gas fields in the Sichuan basin,where the frequency of earthquak.s has increased substantially since the commencement of frack.ng in late ***,the details of how earthquak.s are induced remain poorly understood,partly due to lack.of high-resolution spatial-temporal data documenting the evolution of such seismic *** previous studies have been based on a diffusive earthquak. catalog constructed by routine ***,however,we have constructed a high resolution catalog using a machine learning detector and waveform *** limited data,this new approach has detected one-third more earthquak.s and improves the magnitude completeness of the catalog,illuminating the comprehensive spatial-temporal migration of the emerging seismicity in the target *** of the clusters clearly delineates a potential unmapped fault trace that may have led to the Mw 5.2 in September 2019,by far the largest earthquak. recorded in the *** migration of the seismicity also demonstrates a pore-pressure diffusion front,suggesting additional constraints on the inducing mechanism of the *** patterns of the highly clustered seismicity reconcile the causal link.between the emerging seismicity and the activity of hydraulic fracturing in the region,facilitating continued investigation of the mechanisms of seismic induction and their associated risk..

关键词： hydraulic fracturing Sichuan Basin machine learning injection-induced earthquak. Weiyuan earthquak.

Economic analysis of atmospheric mercury emission control for coal-fired power plants in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期27卷 125-134页

作者： Maria Pia Ancora Lei Zhang Shuxiao Wang jeremy Schreifels Jiming Hao State k.y Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Collaborative Innovation Center for Regional Environmental Quality Tsinghua University State Environmental Protection k.y Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex

Coal combustion and mercury pollution are closely link.d, and this relationship is particularly relevant in China, the world＇s largest coal consumer. This paper begins with a summary of recent China-specific studies on mercury removal by air pollution control technologies and then provides an economic analysis of mercury abatement from these emission control technologies at coal-fired power plants in China. This includes a cost-effectiveness analysis at the enterprise and sector level in China using 2010 as a baseline and projecting out to 2020 and2030. Of the control technologies evaluated, the most cost-effective is a fabric filter installed upstream of the wet flue gas desulfurization system（FF ＋ WFGD）. Halogen injection（HI） is also a cost-effective mercury-specific control strategy, although it has not yet reached commercial maturity. The sector-level analysis shows that 193 tons of mercury was removed in 2010 in China＇s coal-fired power sector, with annualized mercury emission control costs of 2.7 billion Chinese Yuan. Under a projected 2030 Emission Control（EC） scenario with stringent mercury limits compared to Business As Usual（BAU） scenario, the increase of selective catalytic reduction systems（SCR） and the use of HI could contribute to 39 tons of mercury removal at a cost of 3.8 billion CNY. The economic analysis presented in this paper offers insights on air pollution control technologies and practices for enhancing atmospheric mercury control that can aid decision-mak.ng in policy design and private-sector investments.

关键词： Atmospheric mercury Coal-fired power plants China Cost-effectiveness Activated carbon and halogen injection

Peginterferon Lambda-1a, a New Therapeutic for Hepatitis C Infection, from Bench to Clinic

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2013年第2期1卷 116-124页

作者： Henrik.Andersen Jeff Meyer jeremy Freeman Sean E.Doyle k.vin k.ucher Dennis M.miller Diana Hausman Jan L.Hillson ZymoGenetics/Bristol-Myers Squibb Seattle WA 98102 USA EMD Serono Billerica MA USA Oncothyreon Inc. Seattle WA USA CPTxBio Woodinville WA USA

Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is estimated to affect approximately 3% of the world's population and cause 350,000 deaths each *** number of years,the standard of care has been combination therapy with recombinant alfa interferons—originally as native proteins but more recently as polyethyleneglycol-modified derivatives—and ribavirin,with the recent addition of an NS3 protease inhibitor for HCV genotype ***,therapeutic alfa interferons are associated with a significant burden of treatment-limiting adverse events,including musculosk.letal and influenza-lik. symptoms,hematologic cytopenias,autoimmune disease,fatigue,and other neurologic *** 2003,a team at ZymoGenetics (now a fully owned subsidiary of Bristol-Myers Squibb) and a second,independent group simultaneously identified a new class of interferons—the type Ⅲ lambda interferons—with near-identical activity to the type Ⅰ alfa interferons in hepatocytes but with an unrelated and less ubiquitous *** evaluation of the type Ⅲ interferon system demonstrated antiviral activity against HCV in vitro with limited activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and other nonhepatocyte cell types,supporting its development as a potentially better-tolerated therapy for viral *** lambda-1a (Lambda) is an investigational type Ⅲ therapeutic agent originally developed at ZymoGenetics that is currently in Phase 3 studies for the treatment of *** this review,we describe the selection of the Lambda molecule and its preclinical and early clinical development,and how the resulting data have helped to establish the differentiated safety profile for Lambda—with fewer influenza-lik. and musculosk.letal symptoms and less hematologic toxicity than the alfa interferons—that was seen in later studies.

关键词： Discovery HCV Interferonλ